tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57490706985295886032024-02-24T12:46:41.999-08:00Holistic LifeEmpower and navigate a positive change in your thinking!
Personal & Professional Wellbeing, Advocacy, Academic Tuition, Healing, Archetype Readings and the friendliest Vegan Organic B&B, Meeting Room and Pet Farm around.
"Integrating oneness one day at a time"Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.comBlogger786125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-55845778983733542182024-02-18T09:20:00.000-08:002024-02-18T09:20:53.690-08:00Ireland's referendum: Vote No To Hold On To The Law<h1 style="text-align: center;">It takes too long to explain but 'woman' and 'man' have a meaning in law that is crucial for human rights on any level. The government are seeking to take out basically their responsibility to support families by simply changing the terms and then not recognising them. </h1><div><br /></div><p>Here are some short discussions that will quickly put you in the picture: </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9MaxZgk1D0" target="_blank">Darrren-Anthony: No To Taking 'Woman', 'Mother' and 'Family' from the Constitution</a><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><a href=" https://youtu.be/UI--GbyLiIk?si=xhKh2RI919FMX2yf" target="_blank">Emer and I discussing the Referendum on family and women</a></p><p><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBo-B10EvWQ" target="_blank">Darren-Anthony explaining the Ramifications </a><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-82225100727565549552024-02-08T04:33:00.000-08:002024-02-08T04:33:23.604-08:00Past Salisbury CND research should be enough to Stop Spending on Nuclear <p>Talk by Andy and Phil, both professors but I have long lost their proper titles, research for Salisbury CND talk 2nd April 2021.</p><p><span style="font-family: Times; font-size: 18px;">Asking why is the UK government so committed to civil nuclear power, Andy gives the background.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">As the years go by it is getting progressively more and more difficult to understand. This is especially in relation to their main argument that nuclear power is the way to achieve Climate Change mitigation goals. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In criticism of the Energy policy, the existing nuclear power is manifestly slow in reducing climate change. The Hinkly Point C project is running very behind schedule. The government promised that Christmas dinners 2017 would be celebrated using power from the Hinkley Point nuclear power plant. And if not ‘the lights would go out’. It is already running 10 years late and it is the same in France and for Finnish nuclear projects and many have not yet been started.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The Modular reactors and other ‘New Generation’ nuclear projects proposed have not been piloted or tested. Now there is not even time for a development plan let alone delivery, as the UK government have promised a 68% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030 – just 9 years away. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The government has, as well, made a commitment for Britain to be net zero by 2050 and has installed 10 gigawatts of offshore wind, alone. This does not account for on shore wind or solar. But it does already amount to more power than would be generated by ten of the new modular reactor plants in the proposed programme. Radical acceleration of renewable energy programmes is clearly possible.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The costs further compound the issue: For Hinkley Point C electricity, consumers will be forced to enter a 35 year contract. Even at current prices, charges will be £102 per Megawatt/hour. Current contract prices, in off-shore wind in comparison, are still going down and are already at £40 per MW/h. The problems of intermittency and inter-seasonality of renewables are talked about as a problem but found to not actually affect the cost greatly. The figures of 56-73 MW/h for on-shore wind, 53-56 MW/h for large scale solar and 69-85 MW/h per MWh for off-shore wind are ‘enhanced levelized costs’ by BEIS, which means that they include any pessimistic calculations as to intermittency of supply. Therefore, the argument is over on cost but the government, instead of revealing these figures, released its Energy White Paper in December 2020 with no costs on it. This is the first time such a White Paper has been delivered. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Speculative nuclear programmes have always included escalating, not falling, future costs. There is very little evidence in history or experience that suggests that oncoming nuclear plants, which have always been more expensive, will turn out to be less so. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Another cost problem is that spending on nuclear takes money away from spending on renewables, which could achieve the climate change goals faster.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Looking at trends and patterns over time also demonstrates that the efficacy gap of nuclear, for delivering electricity and mitigating climate change, is growing. Another group studying levelized costs note that solar and wind have gone down massively in the last ten years. In fact solar has gone down by 900% in its cost. Wind has gone down by 70%. In contrast, nuclear costs have gone up by 26%. So, over the passage of time, they are not going down.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Then there is this idea of firm nuclear power or baseload that the British are particularly caught up with. This idea proposed that the inflexibility of nuclear power, that it can’t go up or down in its output, is somehow an advantage. The CEO of the National Grid NGC called it an out-dated idea even back in 2015 and actually rigidly inflexible nuclear power is actually a disadvantage in smart grid sytems. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">On the other hand, the UK’s renewable resources are far larger than their foreseeable demand. This means that we cannot only deliver the electricity needs of the country but also the transport needs, via electricity, of the country from the available, viable renewable resource. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There's often a clash between what they publish in background documents and what senior figures and scientists say. Official data confirms that renewables, with their intermittency, are capable of supplying the smart grids, which are being investigated by all sorts of demand management techniques. They show that the inflexible nature of nuclear power plants, becomes much more of a disadvantage. The idea that small modular reactors can be more flexible is actually also speculative. Even though modular reactors are already used like that in the military, there are safety implications in ramping up nuclear power and turning it up and down. France is already using nuclear in that way and we have yet to see what the regulatory repercussions are actually going to be. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In short, renewables provide a domestic power supply that is safer, they are more diverse and they are more secure than nuclear power. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Renewables and energy efficiency investments are also much more productive of UK jobs. So the picture really is stark, even when looking at the government's own data. So, why is it that the UK is so committed to nuclear power? It is actually obvious.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">It is the military who perceive a need for the civil nuclear programme. It is not actually for nuclear weapons, but actually for nuclear submarine propulsion. These are very difficult artefacts to build. They need a massive nuclear industry. The companies and engineers for civil power are all involved in building the propulsion systems as well. What is remarkable is if you look at any of the Defence documents in the UK. The military are very clear that they need the civil nuclear power ‘at any cost’, in order to be able to build nuclear propelled submarines. In contrast, in the Energy Policy literature, there is a total silence. It is not acknowledged that it is the military that are the drivers. The UK government stick to their untenable and spurious argument that nuclear power is justified as an energy strategy and that nuclear is there for climate change. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The upshot of this, because nuclear is so much more expensive than alternative zero carbon options, that consumers and taxpayers are paying tens of millions of pounds, hundreds of billions of pounds over the decades, of these contracts. This is in order to subsidise an industry that is only needed for military purposes. Remember that these contracts for electricity are regressive. It is the poorest households that are disproportionately charged for their electricity. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This picture of costs is without even looking at the massive costs of development, research, decommissioning, waste management or security provision, such as the dedicated armed police force. They don’t include the cost of anti proliferation measures and to stop diversions of fissile materials that could complete a nuclear reaction. These are additional costs that are covered by all the UK nations including Scotland, where there is very strong opposition to nuclear power, which may become more significant. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">So investing in nuclear, rather than investing in renewables and efficiency is clearly impeding progress on climate change. Providing affordable energy and achieving climate targets are actually a legal duty on government. So, the official position of prioritising nuclear power is not only unjustified by evidence, it is actually arguably unlawful.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> The use of nuclear power, even where it is happening, is slow and it is costly. It is dishonest because the real reasons for pursuing it are not being given. It is undemocratic and it is unlawful. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Phil will look in more detail at the civil military links. One of the first places to look is at the broader international picture. There is a correlation between nuclear ambition and different types of geopolitical status. The leading global military powers are the most committed to large scale new nuclear bills. There is no global or regional military power that does not hold an active history of very strong pressures for civil nuclear power. No country, either with or planning nuclear weapons or submarines, is currently pursuing either a nuclear moratorium, or phase out. There really does seem to be a relationship and it becomes irrefutable when we look at the specifics.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The president of France, Emmanuel Macron says to oppose civilian nuclear, in terms of production and research does not make any sense for a country like theirs, because without civilian nuclear there’s no military nuclear and without military nuclear there’s no civilian nuclear. That was in December 2020.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The Atlantic Council, which is a large security think tank, describes how the US has a large educational Research and Development and industrial support system that underpins its civilian nuclear power sector. The same report goes on to actually quantify the level of subsidy that civilian nuclear power makes to military nuclear power; at least $42 billion is gathered annually, in the pursuit of US national security priorities. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">If there was a sustained decline in the commercial industry, it would also have a negative impact on the US nuclear naval programme. This is what was reported at the energy innovation reform project 2017 at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">A former energy secretary said, in 2018, that naval nuclear capability is tied to the fate of the commercial nuclear sector, as long as a strong domestic supply chain is needed to provide the nuclear Navy requirements. This supply chain has a very strong overlap, which is very clear in France and in the US. It is a bit more hidden in the UK but if you get into the defence documents, you will find its acknowledgement. The Royal Academy of Engineering in 2009 said skills required in the design, build, operation and disposal of naval nuclear reactors are in short supply and the increasingly expensive decline of civil nuclear programmes, has forced the nuclear submarine programme to develop and fund its own expertise to remain operational. This points out that some of the costs were, before, being covered by the Civilian programme. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Rolls Royce, in 2009, talked about skill synergies and said that skills are considered to be transferable between military propulsion and civil programmes. They said a larger involvement in the broader industry will also have a spill-over benefit to military capability, in skills, development and experience exchange. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Doulton Institute says UK is not now in the position of having financial or personnel resources to develop either civilian or military nuclear programme in isolation. Rolls Royce, in their 2017 report, concluded that links between the civil and naval sector need to be encouraged – even though this has now been taken off their site. The report also described the advantage of small modular reactor systems for civilian nuclear power development as a subsidy to the military, to relieve the Defence Ministry of the burden of developing and retaining the skills and capability on the military side. That burden relates to costs. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">So a lot of the documentation or the information is to be found in the defence side of the policy documents. There is a crisis in military nuclear skills across the enterprise. The availability of deep specialist expertise is key and suitably qualified staff appear to be at the bare minimum necessary to deliver the programme. This was revealed by the Ministry of Defence in 2014, in a redacted Freedom of Information secret report, written for the submarine development programme. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">So, part of the crisis is in research capabilities. The Ministry of Defence's programme had been underwritten by civil nuclear research that has been dismantled and commercialised and expertise in these activities has atrophied. This was also in that secret documentation, only exposed through the FOI.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The government response was to say that the programme should seek imaginative methods to better engage with the emergent civil nuclear programme, to the benefit of defence. A research programme group was established to look at leveraging civil nuclear investment to maximum effect. The Ministry of Defence revisited the possible option of utilising other nuclear facilities, including those in the civil sector. This was taken up by the government in their nuclear sector deal that actually committed to increasing the opportunities for transferability between the civil and defence industries, to increase mobility to ensure resources are available. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In contrast, the UK energy sector displays an odd and contrasting silence on the connection to military nuclear. The Oxford Economics Government Consulting report, in 2013, they state that naval and civil reactor industries are often viewed as separate, and to some extent unrelated. However, the timeline of the UK’s nuclear industry has clear interaction between the two, particularly from a supply chain development point of view. The Nuclear Research Institute says, though, this link does need to be carefully managed, to avoid the perception that civil and military nuclear programmes are one and the same. Nuclear submarines already suffer criticism because their through life costs cannot be absorbed or masked by other programmes as can be the case with fast jets or large standing land forces. The obvious implication, in light of the other information, is that the intention would be to mask those costs. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The Ministry of Defence permanent secretary and lead civil nuclear contract negotiator confirmed that the UK is completing the build of the nuclear submarines, so there is very definitely an opportunity for the nation to grasp, in terms of building up its nuclear skills. He went on to say, he does not think that that was going to be happen by accident but it was going to require concerted government action to make it happen.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">After many years without success, this year the link between the military and civil nuclear industries has been covered, in the newspapers in the BBC and The Daily Telegraph. In Scotland, it has been really picked up and there was a parliamentary motion in Scottish Government, where the links were highlighted. And yet, the silence continues from the UK Government. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">That is a problem for British democracy, as is the Energy white paper that came out with no costings on it, allowing the enthusiasm for nuclear to continues despite renewables being manifestly cheaper. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">It has been highlighted that there are strategic factors beyond Energy policy that explain not just the enthusiasm but the otherwise inexplicable UK policy on nuclear. It is clear that the military rationale is the most likely and yet the government does not officially acknowledge this. At about the same time that the 2020 White Paper came out, buried away in the Nuclear Intelligence Weekly, was a very candid interview with Rolls Royce, where they said that developing a UK small modular reactor programme would help Rolls Royce maintain UK capability for the military nuclear naval programme. It was also stated by an employee of Rolls Royce that it was complementary to have a thriving UK domestic civilian nuclear programme alongside the submarine programme, for the strongest skills base and the strongest supply chain. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The fact that the interview was buried away; the incredible level of lobbying in favour of nuclear in the media and amount of nuclear advocacy - at the time when the case for nuclear is at its weakest – shows the extent of the problem for democracy. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The Greens For Nuclear account was set up in 2019, with the sole purpose of intensely promoting nuclear. It involved a Twitter campaign by failed Green Party leadership candidate, Rosie Sexton, consistently urging the greens to reconsider their position on nuclear. They refused to listen to any evidence, in regard to the cost or the other weaknesses of a nuclear as an Energy solution. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(FM: I couldn’t catch these names right or who was in which group! but I left this paragraph in, in case there was something important there) “In 2020, Lights was employed in the UK branch of nuclear lobbyist, Michael Scallon Berger’s environmental progress group - using the PR trope of the repentant critic. Clay claimed repeatedly without any without any evidence that she changed her mind on nuclear. It garnered incredible media attention in the Daily Mail, The Sun and the BBC News Daily as well. John Humphries wrote a full page for the Daily Mail advocating for new nuclear and giving favourable attention to Light’s change of mind.” </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There were several UK pro-nuclear power groups set up in 2020 including Mothers for nuclear energy, Liberal Democrats for nuclear, and Friends of Nuclear Energy. There were demonstrations by activists, such as Nuclear for Net Zero. Isn't it amazing that these activities should start to happen when the case for nuclear energy and for new nuclear is so weak. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The same thing is happening in the US, with the reframing of nuclear. There is the so-called Good Energy Collective making the progressive case for nuclear. In fact, the collective is led by former members of the Brace Institute. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Something very strange is going on in the UK in the moment in regards to nuclear and it is a serious problem in regards to democracy. What is the issue? Nuclear is slow, it is costly and it is dishonest, because the real drivers are not spoken about. This is undemocratic and unlawful. The main points: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Existing nuclear power is slow in reducing climate change, new forms are even slower. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Nuclear power is costly at reducing climate change, new forms are almost certainly costlier.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Renewables and energy efficiency are demonstrably faster and cheaper at averting climate disruption.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The established trend is that the nuclear competitiveness gap is growing, not</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">diminishing. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Other arguments for inflexible nuclear output are acknowledged by industry to be out-dated. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Whilst UK energy policy is silent, defence sources are clear that major nuclear drivers are military.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In the UK, massive government nuclear support is justified as energy strategy. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The result is that many 10s of billions of pounds are directed from consumers and taxpayers.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-54351381464684014302024-02-06T10:48:00.000-08:002024-02-06T10:48:10.686-08:00Word Mosquito Program Risk Assessment and Omitted Risks<p><br /></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><img alt="page1image155884448" height="33.953766" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/f90be487-a203-4def-a1ec-4bfa42e53b7e" width="33.953766" /> <img alt="page1image155884656" height="27.387771" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ba7e7089-a37e-4452-b983-9f77b40629ec" width="41.550926" /> <img alt="page1image7892352" height="27.387771" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/48083dcb-92d6-4864-ab58-449a4e615e25" width="41.550926" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #226100; font-family: TimesNewRomanPS; font-size: 25pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;">insects</span></p></div></div><img alt="page1image155886528" height="9.196928" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/fab944d0-803c-412a-b0ff-d43c5f7a091c" width="32.538440" /> <img alt="page1image155886736" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/bbba778b-3c70-454d-810c-5932cf06476e" width="523.673000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Article</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 700;">Risk Assessment on the Release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 18pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 700;">-Infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 18pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: 700;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: 700;">in Yogyakarta, Indonesia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Damayanti Buchori </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">1,2,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">* , Amanda Mawan </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">3 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">, Indah Nurhayati </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">, Aryati Aryati </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">, Hari Kusnanto </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">6 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">and Upik Kesumawati Hadi </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 4pt;">7</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 6pt;">1 2</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 6pt;">3 4</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 6pt;">5 6</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 6pt;">7</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">* </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">Correspondence: damayanti@apps.ipb.ac.id</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Simple Summary: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Globally, the number of dengue cases reported to the WHO increased over 8- fold over the last 2 decades, from 505,430 cases in 2000 to over 2.4 million in 2010 to 5.2 million in 2019. Reported deaths between the years 2000 and 2015 increased from 960 to 4032, affecting mostly younger age groups. The latest data in November 2021 recorded that the cumulative number of dengue cases in Indonesia was 40,759 cases (incidence rate (IR) 14.76/100,000 population) and 402 deaths (l (CFR) 0.99%). </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">has been hailed as a new technology that can solve dengue fever disease. Infected females are unable to transmit the dengue virus and are reproductively incompatible with uninfected males. The aim of this study is to conduct risk assessment on the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The assessment of the risks associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">used methodology developed by the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Australia. In this paper, the Bayesian belief network (BBN) was used as the analysis method, and combined with the discussion results and analysis data of the local expert group, the risk assessment of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">was carried out. The results showed that the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">led to </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">negligible risk </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">(0.0088).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Abstract: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">is the latest technology that was developed to eliminate dengue fever. The Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenris- tekdikti) established an expert group to identify future potential risks that may occur over a period of 30 years associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. The risk assessment consisted of identifying different hazards that may have impacts on humans and the environment. From the consensus among the experts, there were 56 hazards identified and categorized into 4 components, namely, ecological matters, efficacy in mosquito management, economic and sociocultural issues, and public health standards. There were 19 hazards in the ecological group. The overall likelihood in the ecology of the mosquito is very low (0.05), with moderate consequence (0.74), which resulted in negligible risk. For the efficacy in mosquito management group, there were 12 hazards that resulted in very low likelihood (0.11) with high consequence (0.85). The overall risk for mosquito management efficacy was very low (0.09). There were 14 hazards identified in the public health standard with very low likelihood (0.07), moderate consequence (0.50) and negligible risk (0.04). Lastly, 13 hazards were identified in the economic and sociocultural group with low likelihood (0.01) but of moderate conse- quence (0.5), which resulted in a very low risk (0.09). The risk severity level of the four components</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia<br />Center for Transdisciplinary and Sustainability Science, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, IPB University, Bogor 16153, Indonesia<br />JF Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Department of Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany<br />World Mosquito Program Yogyakarta, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia<br />Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia<br />Division of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia</span></p></div></div><img alt="page1image155831968" height="5.942458" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/d02b4e8a-655d-4228-ba4b-f4797c69a95a" width="30.985158" /> <img alt="page1image155836544" height="7.138844" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/62bc8ff8-78bb-473c-a753-202786a0a72f" width="30.533474" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: 700;">Citation: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">Buchori, D.; Mawan, A.; Nurhayati, I.; Aryati, A.; Kusnanto, H.; Hadi, U.K. Risk Assessment on the Release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">-Infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">, 924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ insects13100924</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">Academic Editors: Robert Jones and Louisa Messenger</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">Received: 3 September 2022 Accepted: 8 October 2022 Published: 12 October 2022</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: 700;">Publisher’s Note: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affil- iations.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: 700;">Copyright: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 7pt;">© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).</span></p></div></div><img alt="page1image155833424" height="19.842480" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/56514b0c-db5e-41bd-b81c-cf417d8ee063" width="56.692800" /> <img alt="page1image155829264" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/2ad7c961-a2db-4b4a-a6ca-2552d87ca87c" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13100924 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/insects</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">2 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page2image7721568" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/a82af14f-4770-481c-9527-be752d6dd1db" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">leading to the endpoint risk of “cause more harm” due to releasing </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">is negligible (0.01).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Keywords: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">dengue fever; risk analysis; </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">; Yogyakarta; eliminate dengue program</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">1. Introduction</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a health problem in Indonesia, in both urban and semi-urban areas. Dengue virus (DENV) causes the wide spread of dengue fever in many regions across Indonesia. A number of cosmopolitan insects such as </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. albopictus </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">and other mosquitoes [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">–</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] are the primary vectors of DENV. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], DENV infections are characterized by different fever symptoms, including dengue fever, DHF accompanied by shock known as dengue shock syndrome (DSS) [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], and other unusual manifestations such as encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy. The environmental conditions and communities’ behaviors can also affect the development of DHF transmitted by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that affects the prevalence of DHF all year long. All age groups are vulnerable to the disease. This condition is common in tropical countries, including Indonesia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">was first reported to be found in Indonesia in 1968 in Jakarta and Surabaya. In that year, Karyanti and Hadinegoro [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">6</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] reported the first DHF case in Jakarta and Surabaya, and the disease spread widely throughout Indonesia. The number of deaths due to DHF in 2015 was 1071, with total reported cases of 129,650. Furthermore, the inci- dence rate (IR) per 100,000 people in Indonesia was 50.75%, and the case fatality rate (CFR) was 0.83%; in 2016, the number of deaths was 1598, with IR of 78.85% and CFR of 0.78% [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">7</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Based on the recent data from the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, DHF cases in Indonesia in 2020 reached 95,893, with IR 38.15 per 100,000 people and CFR 0.70%. The most cases were in West Java (18,608 cases), Bali (11,964 cases), East Java (8483), Lampung (6372), and East Nusa Tenggara (5746) [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">8</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Almost all the regions with high case numbers are industrial or trade centers, which have denser populations with higher mobility.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">In Indonesia, the most popular government dengue vector management program is the national Breeding Site Eradication (</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">/PSN), which focuses on the “3M plus” action of covering, draining, and burying discarded water containers. Other programs include improving the water supplies, mosquito biological control using natural enemies such as mosquito-eating fish, insecticides (spraying or fogging and larval control), and also health education and community empowerment [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">9</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Although mosquito eradication efforts have been conducted continuously, there is still a relatively high rate of DHF cases. As a result, a new technique for controlling DHF in Indonesia by introducing </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected mosquitoes was considered [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">10</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">].</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">are Gram-negative bacteria that cause intracellular infections in invertebrates. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">belong to the order Rickettsiales and are classified as strains of one species (</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia pipientis</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">) [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">11</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, particularly the strain from </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Drosophila melanogaster </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">population (</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMel </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">strain), causes the ‘bendy proboscis’ phenomenon in ageing female </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. With bendy proboscis, adult females cannot penetrate into human skin to feed on blood [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">12</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. A study conducted by Ye et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] showed that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">can reduce the transmission potential of dengue-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. Their study showed that the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">can significantly delay the time for the mosquito saliva to become infectious, reducing the frequency of dengue virus that was expectorated by mosquitoes and lowering the virus titer in mosquito saliva. Their work also showed that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">can reduce the number of infectious mosquitoes in a population while also delaying the arrival of virus in mosquitoes’ saliva.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">In Indonesia, the Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, pioneered the use of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in 2011. As a follow-up to this approach a risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the factors that influence the ecology of vectors; the</span></p></div></div><img alt="page2image155822448" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/69ae4d5c-1c4a-4be5-a848-15201eb206ef" width="393.280000" /></div><div class="page" title="Page 3"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2022</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 20</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">In Indonesia, the Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">University, pioneered the use of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">in 2011. As a follow-up to this approach a risk</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">assessment was conducted to evaluate the factors that influence the ecology of vectors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">the social, cultural, and economic impacts of the release; the mosquito management</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">and the public health. The endpoint of the assessment was to address the question whether</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">question whether the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">would “cause more harm” </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">would “cause more harm” or not. Therefore,</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">or not. Therefore, possibilities were identified concerning the likelihood that the release</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">possibilities were identified concerning the likelihood that the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">will cause more harm to the ecology of mosquitoes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">will cause more harm to the ecology of mosquitoes, dengue virus and </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">dengue virus and </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">, efficacy of mosquitoes management, standards of public</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">efficacy of mosquitoes management, standards of public health, and the social, cultural</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">health, and the social, cultural and economic conditions of the local community in release</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">and economic conditions of the local community in release sites as well comparison of the</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">3 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page3image4464176" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/7dd740bf-b777-46da-9b24-789f030df607" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">social, cultural, and economic impacts of the release; the mosquito management efficacy;</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">efficacy; and the public health. The endpoint of the assessment was to address the</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">sites as well comparison of the current condition with the next 30 years.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">current condition with the next 30 years.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 10pt;">2. Materials and Methods</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">2. Materials and Methods</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">The risk assessment core team consisted of four experts, in ecology, medical entomol-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The risk assessment core team consisted of four experts, in ecology, medical ento-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ogy, biological evolution, and medicine. In addition to the core team, 20 independent ex-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mology, biological evolution, and medicine. In addition to the core team, 20 indepen-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">perts from universities, research institutes, nongovernment organisations, and the minis-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">dent experts from universities, research institutes, nongovernment organisations, and the</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">terial agencies in different areas were selected to participate in the risk assessment discus-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ministerial agencies in different areas were selected to participate in the risk assessment</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">sions. The expert team was composed of one virologist, two microbiologists and epidemi-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">discussions. The expert team was composed of one virologist, two microbiologists and</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ologists, four entomologists (medical and agriculture), one biodiversity expert, one para-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">epidemiologists, four entomologists (medical and agriculture), one biodiversity expert,</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">sitologist, one internist, one immunologist, one pediatrician, one psychologist, one public</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">one parasitologist, one internist, one immunologist, one pediatrician, one psychologist,</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">health expert, one economist, and one social scientist. The team conducted an assessment</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">one public health expert, one economist, and one social scientist. The team conducted an</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">of the risks associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">using a methodol- </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">assessment of the risks associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">using</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ogy that was developed by the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organiza-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a methodology that was developed by the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">tion (CSIRO), Australia [14].</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Organization (CSIRO), Australia [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">14</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">].<br /></span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">Meetings and workshops were conducted to elicit opinions from experts and evi-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Meetings and workshops were conducted to elicit opinions from experts and evidence</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">dence to identify various hazards and analyze the risks associated with the release of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to identify various hazards and analyze the risks associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">- </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">that may have impacts on humans and the environment.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that may have impacts on humans and the environment. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">.1</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">.1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">. </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">St</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; 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font-size: 10pt;">k</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ly</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ly</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">is</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">is</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">fr</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">fr</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">me</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">wo</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">k</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">k</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">v</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">v</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">lo</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">lo</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">pe</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">db</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Au</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">l</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">l</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">nOf</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">fi</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">fi</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Ge</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">lo</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">lo</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">R</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">R</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">la</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">la</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">(O</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">(O</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">GT</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">R)</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ss</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ss</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ll</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">l</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ss</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ib</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ib</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">il</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">l</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">ie</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">io</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">io</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">d</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mth</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ay</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">ay</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">oc</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">cu</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">ur</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ith</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">it</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ar</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">fe</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">le</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">al</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">an</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">al</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">W</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">le</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">ol</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">W</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">ba</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">ch</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">lb</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">ia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">te</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">fe</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">A</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">te</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">A</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">eg</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">y</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">p</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">t</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">i</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">yp</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">rel</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">as</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ed</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">le</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">se</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ss</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ess</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">ss</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">en</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">sm</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">co</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">w</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">co</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">te</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">ct</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ev</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">al</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">v</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">lu</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">or</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">to</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">t </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">fl</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">nc</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">vectors’ ecology; the social, cultural, and economic impacts of the release; the mosquito</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">fluence vectors’ ecology; the social, cultural, and economic impacts of the release; the mos-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">management efficacy; and the public health. The endpoint of the assessment was to address</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">quito management efficacy; and the public health. The endpoint of the assessment was to</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">the question whether the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">would cause more harm </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">address the question whether the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">would cause</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">or not compared with the current situation within a 30-year time frame. This assessment</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">more harm or not compared with the current situation within a 30-year time frame. This</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">covers several components including hazard identification, likelihood of risk, consequence</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">assessment covers several components including hazard identification, likelihood of risk,</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">of risk, and level of risk estimation (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">).<br /></span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">consequence of risk, and level of risk estimation (Figure 1).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 1. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The framework of risk assessment on the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page3image156201152" height="174.720000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/09138a9d-8fe6-48fc-b053-627c550e37e8" width="381.480000" /></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 4"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">4 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page4image6893152" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/1e272eb9-5039-4b74-a86a-77212842efac" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><ol style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">1 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Ecological effects</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">2 Genetic biodiversity change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">3 Change in genetic diversity</span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">4</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Transfer of Wolbachia genome to</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">invertebrates</span></p><ol start="5" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">5 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Transfer of Wolbachia genome to</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">vertebrates</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">6 New mosquito species evolves</span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">7</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Selection for more virulent arboviruses</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><ol start="8" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">8 Vector change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">9 Increased vector density</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">10 Increased host biting</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">11 Female biased sex ratio</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">12 Increased mosquito host range</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">13 Increased filarial fitness</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">14 Replacement of dengue vectors</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">15 Transfer of other pathogens</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">16 Environmental change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">17 Ecosystem service change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">18 Ecological niche</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">19 Geographic distribution</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">20 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Mosquito management efficacy</span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">A Bayesian belief network (BBN) was used for visualizing and developing the risk analysis framework and combining the expert assessment with conditional probabilities to determine the endpoint risk value. Bayes’s theorem in BBN says that future events can be predicted using any previous events that have happened [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">15</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. BBN is a probabilistic model described in a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to demonstrate the probabilistic link between any given events [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">16</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. It was constructed using the software package Netica© 6.09 (Norsys Software Corp. (Vancouver, BC, Canada)).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2.2. Problem Formulation and Hazard Identification</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Experts were grouped according to the four identified components of “</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">cause more harm</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">”, namely, negative effects on ecology, decreased mosquito management efficacy, worsened public health standards, and negative sociocultural and economic impacts. Each group discussed all potential hazards leading to each component of cause more harm in the context of releasing </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">for the next 30 years.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The expert elicitation on hazard identification and mapping was undertaken in several steps: identification of events, determination of possible states of the events, development of the hazards list and agreed definitions, and consensus about all hazards and their definitions. Hazard and risk are often used interchangeably. Severtson and Burt [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">17</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] defined a hazard as “an act or phenomenon that has the potential to cause harm to humans or what they value” and risk as “the probability an adverse event will occur”. However, in this assessment, a hazard is a potential source of harm for humans, communities, and ecosystems. Each of the hazards (depicted as node) definitions can be found in Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 1. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Definition of identified hazards that may “cause more harm” upon the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">- infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">within a 30-year time frame.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page4image156194496" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/1adb119b-3fbb-4217-88db-463db1062636" width="524.072000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">No</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Hazard/Node</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Definition</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Ecological impact of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">release.<br />Changes in genetic of mosquitoes, virus and </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">in their natural habitat. Changes in genetic diversity of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">species in nature.<br />Horizontal transfer of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">or some of their genomes to other invertebrates.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Horizontal transfer of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">or some of their genomes to vertebrates.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">New species or strain of mosquito evolves.<br />Selection of more virulent arboviruses causing higher morbidity/damage and mortality.<br />Changes in vector species, including vector density, behaviour, biology, and reproduction.<br />Increased average number of mosquitoes per household due to possible changes in fecundity, longevity and vector population dynamic.<br />Increased frequency of host biting by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">.<br />Changes in sex ratio, skewed to female mosquitoes, which leads to an increase in the mosquito vector population.<br />Increased number of hosts other than humans enhancing the likelihood of acquiring new viruses or pathogens.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">can enhance the filarial fitness to the mosquito. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">would no longer be dengue vector, replaced by other mosquito species or other organisms.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">may be able to transfer other arboviruses or parasites e.g., Zika or filariasis.<br />Changes in geographical distribution, niche of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">habitat and ecosystem services in certain areas.<br />Changes in ecosystem structure, functions or services.<br />Changes of ecological niche of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">from being a domestic species to a broader or alternative niche.<br />Changes in geographical distribution of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Management efficacy of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">control.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page4image156194288" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/0527fadf-9264-491e-8c72-c3c0d3b57661" width="523.574000" /><img alt="page4image156194080" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/a6eb5669-5968-4605-80a2-c7594e98ea42" width="524.072000" /></div><div class="page" title="Page 5"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">5 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page5image6883296" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/df628554-36b5-4371-b367-607ce5a07206" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 1. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Cont. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">No Hazard/Node</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Definition</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased difficulty in mosquito control due to changes in breeding places of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Changes in behaviour of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">related to dengue transmission and breeding places.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased resistance to dose and types of insecticide after </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">mosquitoes have been release and established.<br />Emergence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">with higher vector capacity.<br />Increased transmission of dengue virus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Worse clinical outcomes caused by dengue infection.<br />Increased the probability of the biting rate of Wolbachia-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. Changes in dengue vector control activities by household members.<br />Changes in normal mosquito avoidance strategies.<br />Decreased community participation in dengue vector control due to perceived comfort and safety.<br />The overall standard of public health.<br />The presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">has caused disruption to the larva free index indicators as part of the dengue contro program.<br />More severe manifestations of dengue infection, and elderly people affected by the disease.<br />Increased number of dengue cases.<br />The rate of dengue transmission increases compared to the situation before the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased pest status of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">, due to increased tendency to associate with people, uninhabited houses, severity of bites and mosquito population density. Increased capability of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">to transmit pathogens other than dengue virus.<br />Dengue virus evolves so that its transmission would be more effective.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">becomes a more capable vector in transmitting dengue virus.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">takes blood meal more frequently.<br />Average number of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">per household would be higher.<br />Increased variety of host animal infested with </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased vector competence as disease agents of other diseases than dengue. Economic and socio-cultural change due to the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Decreased income and increased expenses will negatively change the economy. The cost for health care in general will increase.<br />Local and international tourism will be affected by the release.<br />Individual and corporate businesses will lose lost their incomes.<br />Increased expenses due to monitoring and controlling mosquitoes.<br />Negative social behaviour and deterioration of local wisdom, such as increased social isolation and decreased community participation.<br />Negative collective defence mechanism as technology fails.<br />Changes in destination of migration area due to perceived safety or perceived threat.<br />Negative social media messages leading to concerns among the public. Contradictory opinions in the society based on different knowledge and beliefs.<br />Legal actions from individuals, groups, communities, and community organizations.<br />Collective mental confusions due to unintended consequences without proper assurance.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page5image155453056" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/66be64db-3855-4015-82cb-84e72fab835e" width="524.072000" /><img alt="page5image155453264" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/464c6836-bf69-47b0-b1fa-f69c736a6e3d" width="523.574000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased difficulty to mosquito control</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">21<br />22 Mosquito behaviour change</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><ol start="23" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">23 Increased resistance to insecticide</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">24 Strain selection</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">25 More dengue infections occur</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">26 Increased dengue virulence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">27 Increased biting</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">28 Household control</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">29 Avoidance strategy</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">30 Complacency</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">31 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Standards of public health</span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">32</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Interference with other dengue control</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><ol start="33" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">33 Severity of disease</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">34 More dengue cases</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">35 Dengue transmission</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">36 Nuisance biting</span></p></li></ol></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">37</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Other pathogens (transmission of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">nondengue pathogens)</span></p><ol start="38" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">38 Dengue evolution</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">39 Dengue vector competence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">40 Feeding frequency</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">41 Mosquito density</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">42 Host preference</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">43 Nondengue vector competence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">44 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Economic and sociocultural impacts</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">45 Economic change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">46 Health care cost</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">47 Tourism</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">48 Loss income</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">49 Expense change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">50 Socio-behavioural change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">51 Scapegoating</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">52 Migration</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">53 Adverse media</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">54 Social conflict</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">55 Class action</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">56 Social fear</span></p></li></ol></div></div><img alt="page5image155453472" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/f0cf63cd-ac93-496b-a4de-e019af7cbd13" width="524.072000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">Hazards/nodes with bold letters are the four identified components of “cause more harm”.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2.3. Development of the Predictive Risk Model</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">A BBN was used to obtain the probabilistic relationships between events and to provide graphical representation of those events (as nodes) with possible states and a DAG from the parent node (cause) to the child node (effect). A BBN usually consists of</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 6"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">6 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page6image6886544" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/4742f47d-b087-4947-98f9-e58e1a64ef71" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">two main components, namely, a DAG and a conditional probability table (CPT). A DAG consists of nodes and links that depicts the relationships between the variables. Here, the nodes represent the variables being observed, the hazards. Each node is connected to another node with the links (also known as arcs or edges) to show indications of conditional dependence. A link between parent node and child node showed that the nodes were functionally related or statistically correlated. Each child node (i.e., a node linked to one or more parents) contained a CPT that showed the conditional probability of the node in a specific state given by the state configurations of its parent nodes. A conditional probability is the probability of one event’s occurring if another event occurred. It was used to calculate likelihood of each node. The absence of an arc between two nodes means that no CPT can be defined.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Bayes’s theorem was used to calculate the conditional probability at each node of an observed hazard and was applied according to the values in the CPT. The outcomes of the previous nodes were given within each node. The absolute probability as the final result was calculated by using all conditional probabilities that were previously obtained. Meanwhile, when the networks were compiled, it changed the probability distribution for the states at parent node which were also reflected in changes in the probability distribution for the states at child node.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The results of a BBN were often convincing and conclusive, even when sufficient data were not available [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">18</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. BBN has often been used to represent knowledge and support in decision making under uncertainty [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">19</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. It is suitable for estimating the probabilities of the occurrence of hazards caused by the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">as a result of uncertainty (due to lack of knowledge of the long-term benefit of the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in natural environment).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Experts’ prior knowledge has a significant influence in hazard evaluation and the understanding of each hazard. These two factors are incorporated in the Risk Assess- ment using simulations that have different grades, thus ensuring that prior knowledge, assumptions and judgements are accounted in the Risk Assessment process.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2.4. Risk Calculation</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The experts defined each hazard that may arise from the impact of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected mosquitoes and the likelihood of each hazard based on the existing information. The consequence of a hazard was reached through discussions and consensus building based on expert assessment. Afterward, the overall risk was calculated. Here, risk was defined as an event of a particular level of severity and measured by the potential occurrence of a specific event (likelihood) multiplied by the level of resulting consequence or impact (consequence). In simple equation, risk = likelihood </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10; font-size: 10pt;">× </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">consequence.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">We used the risk scale from Murray et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">14</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] as the reference in determining the probability of likelihood and consequence. The scale for likelihood and consequence estimation was determined in the group discussion using a participatory process. The experts agreed on scales to score the likelihood and consequence of the identified hazards (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">) and the definitions for each scale (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 2. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Scale for likelihood and consequence estimation used for calculating the risk of identified hazards with the endpoint of causing more harm.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Scale Negligible Very Low Low Moderate High Very High</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Probability 0–0.01 0.02–0.10 0.11–0.40 0.41–0.74 0.75–0.89 0.90–1</span></p></div></div><img alt="page6image155482544" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/005d5156-c239-4a56-90fb-1db8cb2915a6" width="393.679000" /><img alt="page6image155482336" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/41ff20d4-f2c8-4fb3-9895-4ee5a2caead0" width="393.181000" /><img alt="page6image155352512" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/7bd1e9eb-ee99-4692-87dc-12d9995d6d91" width="393.679000" /></div><div class="page" title="Page 7"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">7 of 20</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Very low Low Moderate High Very high</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Very low risk Very low risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible risk Negligible risk Negligible risk Very low risk Low risk</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Low risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Moderate</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible risk Negligible risk Very low risk Low risk Moderate risk Moderate risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">High</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible risk Very low risk Low risk Moderate risk High risk High risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very high</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low risk Low risk Moderate risk High risk Extreme risk Extreme risk</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 3. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The definition of each scale that may result from each identified hazard with the endpoint of causing more harm.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Scale</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Very low Low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Moderate</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">High</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very high</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Definition</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Almost no change.<br />Insignificant impact on human health and social economy.<br />Very low impact or no damage to the ecosystem.<br />Causes harm to human health but can be repaired, and the impact on socio-economic conditions is relatively small. The environmental damage or disturbance to local biodiversity is reversible and limited in space and time or in the amount of diversity that affected by the damage.<br />Adverse health effects are difficult to reverse but not life-threatening and have moderate socioeconomic impacts on communities.Long-term damage to the environment or disturbance to biodiversity that is still reversible. Adverse health effects that are severe, widespread, irreversible, life-threatening, and devastating to the socioeconomic conditions.Extensive damage to the environment or disturbances to biodiversity and ecosystems, communities, or the species that survive in those ecosystems and this is not easily reversible.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion on the estimation of likelihoods and consequences in all groups of hazards used scales ranging from negligible to very high. Each value was calculated by considering the severity level of each hazard’s impacts on humans, the coverage and duration of the impacts, and the level of reversibility of each hazard. After determining the consequence values of each hazard, the experts then discussed the placement of each hazard into a risk matrix (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 4. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Matrix of the risk level of each identified hazard associated with “cause more harm”. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Consequence</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">3. Results</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">3.1. Hazard Identification and Mapping</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The identification and mapping of the hazards as the outcome of releasing the </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wol- bachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">were based on expert elicitations and resulted in 56 hazards (nodes) excluding the end point of “cause more harm” (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). The hazards were mapped into four subcomponents of cause more harm: and altogether were combined, leading to the endpoint of “cause more harm”. The four main components were adverse impact on mosquito ecology, a lower standard of public health, decreased mosquito management effi- cacy, and economic and sociocultural impacts. The assessment team identified 19 ecological- related hazards including ecological effects as the endpoint (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">), 12 efficacy-related hazards including mosquito management efficacy as the endpoint (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">), 14 public health-related hazards including the standard of public health as the endpoint (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">), and 13 economical and sociocultural hazards (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">6</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). While 56 hazards were identified (as shown in Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">), there were two hazards (increased biting rate and transmission of non-dengue pathogens) that were shared by two groups, mosquito management efficacy and public health standard (as shown in Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). Therefore, the total number of hazards became 58.</span></p></div></div></div><img alt="page7image6906512" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/89362df7-7b3f-48fc-bdcf-de111f775653" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page7image158861968" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/cbd3db8e-80b2-46ec-aaab-b09467301128" width="393.679000" /><img alt="page7image158861760" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ea18b6f4-648f-4e9c-9f35-4caa60a4e774" width="393.181000" /><img alt="page7image158861552" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/2fd6eaf5-0727-455e-a62e-7d038aa92cc0" width="393.679000" /><img alt="page7image158861344" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/5fc9f2e2-b287-4eb5-9b90-ff2c0c521e70" width="524.072000" /><img alt="page7image158861136" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/af6f5219-9379-4d28-b7f8-42254865ae17" width="494.167000" /><img alt="page7image158860928" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/9967738d-654d-4987-934e-4cef1d8f7c34" width="494.167000" /><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Likelihood</span></p></div></div></div><img alt="page7image158860720" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/bcf76af5-9c86-414c-b699-42b9d52f1a88" width="524.072000" /></div><div class="page" title="Page 8"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">12 efficacy-related hazards including mosquito management efficacy as the endpoint (Fig- ure 4), 14 public health-related hazards including the standard of public health as the end- point (Figure 5), and 13 economical and sociocultural hazards (Figure 6). While 56 hazards were identified (as shown in Table 1), there were two hazards (increased biting rate and</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">transmission of non-dengue pathogens) that were shared by two groups, mosquito man-</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">8 of 20</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">agement efficacy and public health standard (as shown in Figure 2). Therefore, the total number of hazards became 58.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page8image6912896" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/b4f661f9-4218-444a-a578-aaf2b5063099" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page8image159000528" height="363.087000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/bdb173c9-0294-49ed-8087-a7619cfa3b1b" width="479.940000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 2. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “cause more harm”. Each node (box) repre- </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 2. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “cause more harm”. Each node (box) </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">sents probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">represents probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the release</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 9"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">In</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">I</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">s</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">c</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">ts</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">ct</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">0</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">1</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">3</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">9</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">FOR PEER REVIEW </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">9o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">f </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page9image6900576" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/426d8984-5e5e-40bf-93e7-f39d9e5d6e82" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page9image159033712" height="440.608000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/7d29e8cc-8049-4ea8-98ac-514c58c3c68c" width="505.912000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 3. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “ecological effects”. Each node (box) repre- </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 3. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “ecological effects”. Each node (box) repre-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">sents probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the release of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">sents probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the release of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 10"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">In</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">I</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">s</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">c</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">t</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">s</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">0</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">1</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">3</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">9</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">FOR PEER REVIEW </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">10o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page10image6906400" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/e54f1525-f24c-4dba-ba26-336a779e5acc" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page10image159057536" height="208.500000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/9bf95fa6-5380-4c9b-bfbe-90df7a097174" width="492.220100" /><img alt="page10image159057744" height="201.199000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ce7fbbe3-4899-432b-ad89-5a07e46f8a65" width="492.220100" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 4. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “mosquito management efficacy”. Each node </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 4. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “mosquito management efficacy”. Each node</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">(box) represents the probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">(box) represents the probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 11"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2022</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, x FOR PEER REVIEW 11 of 20</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">11 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page11image6909872" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/641ebc29-b5fb-4e95-8367-074c41b9264c" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page11image159118336" height="200.874000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/1dd0edea-ae00-4b94-8a23-e504457b631e" width="493.830000" /><img alt="page11image159118544" height="186.619000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/b5344fed-95f0-4514-98f9-d0e77037134a" width="493.830000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 5. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “standard of public health”. Each node (box)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">represents the probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 5. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “standard of public health”. Each node (box) </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes.<br /></span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">represents the probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as the result of the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 12"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2022</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 20 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">In</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">In</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">ts</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">ts</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: -1pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: -1pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: -1pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 8pt;">22</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic; vertical-align: -1pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 8pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">9</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">24</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">FOR PEER REVIEW 12</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;"> of</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; vertical-align: -1pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 8pt;">0</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">6.</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Bayesian</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">belief</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">network</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">for</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">the</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">endpoint</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">“economic</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">and</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">socio-cultural</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">effects”.</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Each </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 6. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">The Bayesian belief network for the endpoint “economic and socio-cultural effects”. Each</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">node (box) represents the probability of hazards that might occur within the next 30 years as results</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">de</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">ts</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">ts</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">il</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">l</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">ty</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">z</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">z</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">mig</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">ig</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">cc</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">wit</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">3</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">0</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">lt</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">lt</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: 1pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span></p><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">of the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">. Parent nodes are in the yellow boxes. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">le</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">le</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">f</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wo</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">lb</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">lb</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">c</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">h</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">h</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">ia</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">ia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">-i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">-</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">fe</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">fe</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">c</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">te</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">te</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">A</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">A</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">. </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">a</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">e</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">g</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">g</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">y</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">p</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">p</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">ti</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">i</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Pa</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">t</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">n</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">d</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">a</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">in</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">th</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">y</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">llo</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">lo</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">wb</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">b</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">o</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">x</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">e</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">s</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page12image6852656" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/283a400b-7bac-4af8-88dd-7661f97b7d49" width="523.957000" /><img alt="page12image159124112" height="140.160000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/d0897dfe-2259-491f-a39e-1a6db0445d33" width="462.597000" /><img alt="page12image159124320" height="136.011000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/9860c16d-6583-4fc2-b907-6d11bd1536e6" width="462.597000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">3.2. Likelihood</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">3.2. Likelihood </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">3.2. Likelihood</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The next step of BBN in this risk assessment was discussions about the hazard likeli-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">The next step of BBN in this risk assessment was discussions about the hazard likeli- </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">The next step of BBN in this risk assessment was discussions about the hazard likeli-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">hood of the four main components of cause more harm. The estimation yielded negligible</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">hood of the four main components of cause more harm. The estimation yielded negligible </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">hood of the four main components of cause more harm. The estimation yielded negligible</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">likelihood of 1.11% (Figure </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">7</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). The likelihoods of hazards from the four components were </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">likelihood of 1.11% (Figure 7). The likelihoods of hazards from the four components were </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">likelihood of 1.11% (Figure 7). The likelihoods of hazards from the four components were</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">4.74% for ecological effects and 6.96% for the standards of public health, indicating negligi-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">4.74% for ecological effects and 6.96% for the standards of public health, indicating negli- </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">4.74% for ecological effects and 6.96% for the standards of public health, indicating negli-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">ble likelihood, and mosquito management efficacy and economic and sociocultural effects</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">gible likelihood, and mosquito management efficacy and economic and sociocultural ef- </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">gible likelihood, and mosquito management efficacy and economic and sociocultural ef-</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">had likelihoods of 10.5% and 18.3%, which demonstrates a very low likelihood of risk from</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">fects had likelihoods of 10.5% and 18.3%, which demonstrates a very low likelihood of </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">fects had likelihoods of 10.5% and 18.3%, which demonstrates a very low likelihood of</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">the hazards if </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">are released to suppress DENV.<br /></span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">risk from the hazards if </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">are released to suppress DENV. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">risk from the hazards if </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 10pt;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 10pt;">are released to suppress DENV.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page12image159124528" height="195.840000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/b85c5074-807f-436f-96e0-e538838682d0" width="495.960000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 7. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">Estimated likelihood of the adverse impacts of the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">associated with </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Bold"; font-size: 9pt;">Figure 7. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">Estimated likelihood of the adverse impacts of the release of </span><span style="font-family: "PalatinoLinotype,Italic"; font-size: 9pt;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">associated with</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Figure 7. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Estimated likelihood of the adverse impacts of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">associated with four</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">four identified hazards. </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">four identified hazards.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">identified hazards.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 13"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">13 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page13image7718880" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/dd790ebf-83a1-4282-9352-a82cfd31659f" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">3.3. Consequences</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The expert solicitations of consequences that may arise due to the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">- infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">were derived from a consensus on identified hazards: and among the 56 hazards, the four main components’ endpoints had moderate (ecology effects, public health, and economic and sociocultural effects) or high (mosquito management efficacy) consequences (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 5. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Consensus of estimation of likelihood, consequence and risk (ranked by risk) for the endpoint “cause more harm”.</span></p></div></div><img alt="page13image159274896" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/1af512b6-4ba5-472a-b0b7-16d8cffb3cb0" width="524.072000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">No Hazard/Node</span></p><ol style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">1 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Ecological effect</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">2 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Genetic biodiversity change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">3 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Change in genetic diversity</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">4 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Invertebrate transfer and </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">genome</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">5 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Vertebrate transfer and </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">genome</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">6 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">New mosquito species evolves</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">7 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Selection for more virulent arboviruses</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">8 Vector change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">9 Vector density</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">10 Increased host biting</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">11 Female biased sex ratio</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">12 Mosquito host range</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">13 Increase filarial fitness</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">14 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Replacement of dengue</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">vectors</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">15 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Transfer of other</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">arboviruses or pathogens</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">16 Environmental change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">17 Ecosystem service change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">18 Ecological niche</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">19 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Geographic distribution</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">20 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Mosquito management</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">efficacy</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">21 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased difficulty to control</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">22 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Mosquito behaviour change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">23 Insecticide resistance</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">24 Strain selection</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">25 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">More dengue infections</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">occur</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">26 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Increased dengue</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">virulence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">27 Household control</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">28 Avoidance strategies</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">29 Complacency</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">30 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Standards of public</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">health</span></p></li></ol></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Likelihood </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: 5pt;">Likelihood </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Scale</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible <0.01 Negligible <0.01 Negligible <0.01 Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.10 Very low 0.05 Very low 0.01 Negligible 0.01 Negligible <0.01 Negligible <0.01 Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;"><0.01 Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.11 Negligible <0.01 Negligible 0.02 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.04 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.11 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.03 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.10 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.05 Very low 0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.08 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.04 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.16 Low 0.05 Very low 0.10 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.07 Very low</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Consequence Consequence Consequence Consensus Scale Risk</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.74 Moderate 0.04</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.90 Very high 0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.74 Moderate 0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.75 High <0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.95 Very high <0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.95 Very high <0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.75 High 0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.90 Very high 0.09 0.75 High 0.04 0.89 Very high 0.01 0.57 Moderate 0.01 0.74 Moderate <0.01 0.75 High <0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.90 Very high 0.05</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.75 High <0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.90 Very high 0.01 0.74 Moderate <0.01 0.74 Moderate 0.02</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.57 Moderate 0.02</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.85 High 0.09</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.90 High 0.02</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.70 Moderate 0.07</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.20 Low 0.01 0.20 Low 0.01</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.80 High 0.07</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.80 High 0.03</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.60 Moderate 0.10 0.10 Very low 0.005 0.75 High 0.07</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.50 Moderate 0.04</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Risk Matrix Scale</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low Negligible Negligible Very low Very low Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Low Very low Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low Negligible Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low Negligible Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Negligible</span></p></div></div><img alt="page13image159275104" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ff7c8d2d-b37f-49c6-965a-202fdd5b5947" width="523.574000" /><img alt="page13image159275312" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/477731d6-a6c1-4f8a-b530-78f77d6da27b" width="524.072000" /></div><div class="page" title="Page 14"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">14 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page14image6861952" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/07dcf05e-0b1b-4e97-8b39-27d869cde899" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">No Hazard/Node</span></p><ol start="31" style="list-style-type: none;"><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">31 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Interference with other dengue controls</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">32 Severity of disease</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">33 More dengue cases</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">34 Increased biting</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">35 Dengue transmission</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">36 Nuisance biting</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">37 Other pathogens</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">38 Dengue evolution</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">39 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Dengue vector</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">competence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">40 Feeding frequency</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">41 Mosquito density</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">42 Host preference</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">43 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Nondengue vector</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">competence</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: -5pt;">44 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Economic and</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">sociocultural effect</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">45 Economic change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">46 Health care</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">47 Tourism</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">48 Lost income</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">49 Expense change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">50 Social-behavioural change</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">51 Scapegoating</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">52 Migration</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">53 Adverse media</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">54 Social conflict</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">55 Class action</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">56 Social fear</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">57 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Cause more harm</span></p></li></ol></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.10 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible 0.01 Negligible 0.01 Negligible 0.15 Low 0.15 Low 0.10 Very low 0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible 0.10 Very low 0.10 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.05 Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.18 Low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.10 Very low 0.05 Very low 0.02 Very low 0.02 Very low 0.05 Very low 0.17 Low 0.30 Low 0.10 Very low 0.40 Low 0.50 Moderate 0.50 Moderate 0.50 Moderate </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.01 Negligible</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.50 Moderate 0.05</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.80 High 0.01 0.80 High 0.01 0.80 High 0.01 0.80 High 0.12 0.50 Moderate 0.07 0.50 Moderate 0.05 0.85 High 0.04</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.80 High 0.04</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.75 High 0.01 0.50 Moderate 0.05 0.85 High 0.09</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.85 High 0.04</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.5 Moderate 0.09</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">0.01 Negligible <0.01 0.01 Negligible <0.01 0.01 Negligible <0.01 0.01 Negligible <0.01 0.01 Negligible <0.01 0.20 Low 0.03 0.45 Moderate 0.14 0.08 Very low <0.01 0.75 High 0.30 0.75 High 0.38 0.75 High 0.38 0.60 Moderate 0.30 </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">0.80 High 0.008</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Table 5. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">Cont.<br /></span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: -5pt;">Likelihood </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Likelihood Consequence Consequence Consequence</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Scale Consensus Scale Risk</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Risk Matrix Scale</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Negligible Negligible Low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low Negligible Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Negligible Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Very low</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Very low Negligible Low Moderate Moderate Low </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Negligible</span></p></div></div><img alt="page14image159229904" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/0eafd4ce-42ad-48c0-81cf-6454468d9e82" width="524.072000" /><img alt="page14image159228864" height="0.299000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/26896067-6370-4ef0-9fe8-728c874cd96c" width="523.574000" /><img alt="page14image159235520" height="0.797000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/f24f5caf-a5a7-4072-a893-17b712f8b8c9" width="524.072000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">Hazards/nodes with bold letters are the four identified components of “cause more harm” and the endpoint “cause more harm”.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The ecology component had the most hazards, 19, including the endpoint. An amount of 18 hazards excluding the endpoint were estimated to have moderate (6 hazards), high (5 hazards), or very high (7 hazards) consequences with 57% to 90% consensus. The ecological effects as the endpoint of the ecology component had a moderate consequence with a value of 0.74. As for the mosquito management efficacy component, the expert solicitation of 10 hazards (including endpoint) resulted in a high consequence of 0.85 of the endpoints. Nine hazards, without the endpoint, were widely estimated to have very low consequence (one hazard), low consequence (two hazards), moderate consequence (two hazards), and high consequence (four hazards).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">A total of 14 hazards in the public health standard component were identified due to the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, leading to an endpoint of 0.5, reflecting moderate consequence (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). The expert solicitation of 13 hazards without the endpoint yielded a consensus of moderate consequence for four hazards and high consequence for nine hazards. The economic and sociocultural impacts resulted in a 0.5 (moderate consequence) of this component’s endpoint. Hazards in this component were calculated to have a negligible consequence (five hazards), very low consequence (one hazard), low consequence (one hazard), moderate consequence (two hazards), and high consequence (three hazards).</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 15"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">15 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page15image6883968" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/debe6394-c1e1-4cdd-b28a-711a11400204" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">3.4. Risk Calculation</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Risk analysis workshops provided consensus concerning the estimation of the conse- quence and likelihood of hazards. The variables were combined to obtain the risk severity level of the four components, leading to the endpoint risk of causing more harm due to releasing </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Overall, the expert solicitation results of the 56 hazards that may occur due to the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">indicated an estimated high consequence (0.8) of the end point for cause more harm. The consequences for the 56 hazards ranged from negligible (5 hazards), very low (3), low (3), moderate (17), high (23), and very high consequence (6). The hazards had consensus scores of 1% to 95% for likelihood that were dominated by negligible likelihood.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Each consensus was afterwards grouped based on the risk matrix to obtain the severity levels of the risks: negligible risk, 33 hazards; very low risk, 17 hazards; low risk, 5 hazards; and moderate risk, 2 hazards (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">5</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). Among the four cause more harm components, eco- logical influence and standard of public health were estimated to have negligible risk while efficacy of mosquito management and economic and sociocultural impacts components were estimated to have very low risk. Based on the risk estimation of 56 hazards related to the cause more harm endpoint, the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">has negligible likelihood (0.011) and high consequence (0.8), which leads to negligible risk (0.0088).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">4. Discussion</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">In this risk assessment, vector change is defined as the changes in the density, behavior, biology, and reproduction of vectors. Studies indicated that the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquitoes suppresses the population size due to cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) and suppress dengue viral transmission through the pathogen blocking effect that caused by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">–</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">22</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">infected by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMelPop </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">showed a declining growth rate indicated by reduced fecundity and egg viability in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">23</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">24</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. In addition, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMelPop </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">causes changes in the behavior of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, as indicated by Turrey et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">12</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] and Moreira et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">25</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], which showed that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMelPop</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected mosquitoes fed on less blood meal than uninfected mosquitoes. Because the older mosquitoes spent more time in pre- probing and probing, in addition to shaking and bendy proboscis, this behavior leads to a decline in saliva production. Saliva production is associated with the DENV that accumulates in the salivary glands of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">26</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">27</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], thus indirectly affecting DENV transmission. It also indicates that although the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMelPop </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">strain may cause an increased blood-feeding intensity among female adults, the mosquitoes’ ability to find blood meals also declines. Despite that, the experts assigned a relatively high score of likelihood because Weeks et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">28</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] indicated that after 20 years, naturally occurring </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Drosophila simulans </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">exhibited a 10% increase in fecundity compared with that in flies that were not infected by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. In other words, the bacterium characteristic changed from being parasitic to more mutualistic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The second low-risk hazard from the ecology component was the possibility of dengue vector replacement. In addition to </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. Aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, mosquito species such as </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. Albopictus </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">29</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. Polynesiensis </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">30</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], and </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. scutellaris </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">[</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">31</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] are primary dengue vectors, although to date, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">are still the most effective primary vector in the transmission of DENV. History indicates that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">was first identified as the primary vector of yellow fever in 1648 in Mexico and Guadeloupe (France) [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">32</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. The first epidemic of dengue fever transmitted by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">was recorded in 1779. Yellow fever started to become an epidemic at the beginning of the 21st century, while the dengue fever epidemic started in the 1950s. Both viruses belong to the Flaviviridae family. However, they are never found at the same time in one particular endemic area [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">32</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Based on this information, experts concluded that in the next 30 years, there is a likelihood that there is a very low occurrence of vector replacement because of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Another hazard that was concluded to have negligible risk and moderate consequence was the female-biased sex ratio. The assessment team defined this hazard as the possibility</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 16"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">16 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page16image6916624" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/45b180b8-1e63-4c9b-a679-3c279ba5c466" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that the existence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">could cause changes in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">sex ratio that might skew toward female mosquitoes, which could increase the mosquito population, which would lead to increased DHF incidence. So far, there have been no reports on the influence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">on the sex ratio of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquitoes or </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Aedes </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">genus. However, Shaw et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">33</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] reported that the infection of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to the natural population of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Anopheles </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">did not influence the sex ratio of the offspring. This result outlines the relatively low influence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">on the sex ratio of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquitoes. To prove this, further in-depth exploration of the sex ratio of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, after being infected with </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, needs to be conducted.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">In the course of the hazard formulations, concerns arose regarding the possibility of the evolution of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that could lead to the increased fitness of filarial nematodes in mosquitoes. The consensus on increased filarial nematode fitness as a hazard indicated that there might be a negligible risk in the future. Pfarr et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">34</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] concluded that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that infect arthropods are distinct from </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">that infect filarial nematodes. Pfarr et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">34</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] also explained that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">is a parasite in arthropods but mutualists in filarial nematodes. Furthermore, arthropods and nematodes originate from different phyla, which is the risk of the evolution of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">present in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in association with filarial nematodes are very low or very unlikely to happen [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">35</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">].</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The experts agreed that the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in a particular area could lead to adverse impacts on the mosquito management efficacy, but they assessed the risks as negligible (five hazards) or very low (five hazards). The five hazards with very low risk were increased difficulty to control, increased dengue virulence, household control, increased complacency, and more dengue occurrences.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">In dengue management control, sustainable vector control interventions are necessary to significantly reduce dengue transmission [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Community participation in dengue control needs to be continuously promoted to ensure that community members can successfully maintain their individual household environments free from dengue vectors [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">36</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. The release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">may discourage preventive measures by the community through mosquito management. In addition, it can also increase difficulty in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">control due to the development of cryptic breeding sites [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">37</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">].</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Increasing the difficulty of controlling mosquitoes also became a critical hazard that needs to be considered mainly because it is related to </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">behavior changes. The changes in mosquitoes’ behavior result from the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, was defined by experts as changes in dengue transmission and breeding places (Table </span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">1</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">). However, this hazard had a very low likelihood, and moderate consequences resulted in a negligible risk. Furthermore, increased complacency at the household level due to </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">control may increase mosquito density, mosquito biting frequency, and a greater possibility of dengue transmission. At the community level, complacency can lead to decreased caution on the presence of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. This particular hazard had a very low likelihood but a high consequence. This means that the hazard may have a significant influence on the success in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquito management. Successful community-based vector mosquito control is influenced by numerous factors, including the community’s alert and literacy of mosquito population distribution and virus transmission rate in their respective areas [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">38</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">].</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Insecticide resistance is one of the hazards in the mosquito management efficacy component. At first, the experts considered this an essential issue that needed to be addressed. Since </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">is a primary vector of dengue disease with a cosmopolitan range, meaning that it can be found in many tropical cities worldwide. Thus far, mosquito disease vector control has been the most effective measure in addressing dengue disease. In Indonesia, control measures have been promoted through the 3M plus (covering, draining, and burying unused water containers) program as shown in the declining DHF incidence rate [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">39</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">,</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">40</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. However, available data have indicated that mosquito populations remain high [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">41</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">], so that pesticides are still commonly used as an alternative measure in mosquito</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 17"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">17 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page17image6918976" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/b023bc17-e743-4a08-a442-5b4ebc65a65e" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">control in many locations in Indonesia. Therefore, the experts agreed that it has a very low likelihood with a low consequence, which resulted in a negligible risk of severity level.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Public health did not affect the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">because the consensus from experts estimated a negligible risk with a very low likelihood and moderate consequence. The severity level of 13 hazards, excluding lower standard of public health, varied from negligible to low risk with 7 hazards have negligible risks. Increasing dengue transmission was the only hazard with a low-risk severity level. It is defined as the rate of dengue transmission increases compared with the situation before the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. So far, the results from studies on the rate of dengue transmission by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">have indicated a decline. One of the primary factors influencing mosquitoes’ ability to transmit DENV is the extrinsic incubation period (EIP). EIP is the developmental time required for the virus to reach the mosquito’s saliva glands after an infectious blood meal. The earlier the virus appears in the saliva, the more opportunities for the mosquito to transmit DENV to humans. Ye et al. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">] reported that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">wMel </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">lengthens the EIP, reducing the virus’s transmission frequency through the saliva. Moreover, the study also showed that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquito’s saliva had less DENV copy compared with wild-type mosquitoes that were not infected by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. The mosquito salivary gland is the primary way for virus transmission. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">is mostly found in the mosquito midgut and salivary glands, both essential in transmitting the virus [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">42</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. Therefore, the lower density of DENV in mosquito salivary glands may suggest reduced virus transmission.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The last component of this assessment was the economic, social, and cultural impact of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. Initially, the group of experts focused their discussion on social and economic aspects only, but as the discussion went on, they also considered the cultural impact associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. Since in real life, the social, behavioral, and economic factors are intertwined. The experts came to a consensus that it had a very low risk of severity level. It had 12 hazards with 7 negligible risks, 1 very low risk (scapegoating), 2 low risks (adverse media and social fear), and 2 moderate risks (class action and social conflict). Sociocultural hazards were estimated to have a higher risk than the economic ones. The sociocultural hazards may likely happen when information concerning technologies for controlling </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">is not available in detail and does not reach all society elements, who are the main actors in community-based control. Experience from the first limited release in 2014 indicated that there were differences in opinion among the communities on whether </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected mosquitoes were safe to be released or not [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">39</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">]. These differences could potentially lead to disharmony among communities. Hence, during the expert team discussion, the feedback was that awareness-raising activities are essential for preventing disharmony and conflict among the communities. There were other concerns that were raised during the discussion, e.g., the limited knowledge about the biology and evolution of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">, the interaction of</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">with other species, and the nontarget impacts of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">on the health of the communities and the environment, which may have included the probability of an increase of filariasis as a result of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. These factors need to be further understood in the future.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The finding of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">was a novel breakthrough due to its innovation in addressing problematic mosquito vector control. The decline in </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquito populations due to cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) and reduced vector competence is considered key in addressing the mosquito population’s problems, which have never been successfully addressed. However, the technology’s novelty needs to be assessed with caution as there is limited knowledge of the ecology of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. To this point, research in some countries has indicated that </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">mosquitoes do not show any distinct behavior compared with the wild-type population that is not infected by </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. However, the future is still beyond prediction, and therefore, a risk assessment was considered necessary to ensure that all potential adverse impacts can be anticipated.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 18"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924</span></p></div><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">18 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page18image6917408" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/0dd91211-57b6-4bc0-85fe-2a2fc518bd87" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">The risk assessment conducted in Indonesia estimated that over the next 30 years, there would be a negligible risk of causing more harm due to the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. The focus group discussion results indicated considerable critical feedback, in- cluding that continuous monitoring should be conducted after releasing </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">to prevent hazards identified in the assessment from happening in the natu- ral environment. Extreme caution must be taken in responding to the result of the risk assessment. Relatively high values were assigned to the likelihoods and consequences of the identified hazards, especially the economic and sociocultural hazards (likelihood: moderate, consequence: high, risk: moderate) and social conflict (likelihood: moderate, consequence: high, risk: moderate). The experts argued that both hazards pose a danger that high value has been assigned despite the lack of scientific evidence that such hazards may occur. This indicates the high level of caution that the assessment exercised.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">5. Limitation</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Uncertainties concerning the risks associated with the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">- infected mosquitos were thoroughly discussed. Some of the uncertainties arose because of the limitted knowledge that are available in the literatures, which then resulted in the differ- ences in the expert judgement. Several factors can influence this different interpretation, including personal experience of the adverse impact under observation, social-cultural background and beliefs, ability to exercise control over a particular risk, access to infor- mation from different sources, and a tendency to overestimate very low risk sometimes to under-estimate very high ones. At this stage in the process, a risk must be considered a potential risk because it is unknown if it occurs in existing ecosystems. Additionally, there are probabilities of different perceptions of risks due to limited knowledge on </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">and infected mosquitoes. The complexity of an ecosystem related to biodiversity and its interaction in the natural environment still contains many un knowns.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">6. Conclusions</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">Most of the concerns regarding the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">stem from the lack of current knowledge on </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">. However, scientific data have been able to address these concerns that enable experts to reach consensus on the negligible risks. The expert team conducted risk analysis based on global evidence and expert judgment resulting from comprehensive experience in health entomology, evolution ecology, public health, mosquito management, physiology, philosophy, economy, and social issues. It can be said that this assessment has covered all aspects and potential hazards of the release of </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Wolbachia</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">-infected </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Ae. aegypti </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt;">in an integrated manner. However, up-to-date knowledge should be followed and taken into consideration for the program to be able to immediately respond to changes in hazards or potential increases in risk.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Author Contributions: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Conceptualization, D.B.; methodology, D.B., A.A., U.K.H., and H.K.; analysis, I.N., D.B. and A.M.; investigation, D.B., A.A, U.K.H., and H.K.; data curation, A.M.; writing—original draft preparation, D.B., A.A, U.K.H., H.K., and A.M.; writing—review and editing, D.B. and A.M.; visualization, I.N. and A.M.; supervision, D.B., A.A, U.K.H., and H.K.; All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Funding: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">This research was funded by TAHIJA Foundation, grant number 058/YT/Agr/2016. </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Data Availability Statement: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The data presented in this study are available on request from the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">corresponding author.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Acknowledgments: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">TAHIJA Foundation for research fund (grant number 058/YT/Agr/2016). CSIRO for providing training on risk assessment methodology. Thank you to WMP Monash Univer- sity for providing expert judgment, to WMP Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Centre for Tropical Medicine, the Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University (UGM). Kemenristek DIKTI for establishing The Indonesian Risk Assessment (RA) team: Irawan Yusuf, Johanna Endang Prawitasari; Hadiyono; Teguh Triono; Karlina Supelli, Andi Trisyono; Thomas Suroso; Hajar Hasan; Parwati; Usman Hadi;</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 19"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">Insects </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-weight: 700;">2022</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt; font-style: italic;">13</span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 8pt;">, 924 19 of 20</span></p></div></div><img alt="page19image6931664" height="0.398000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/5c7c3efc-cd08-4c9b-b6b1-93619c0541bd" width="523.957000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">References</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">Agnes Kurniawan; Rosichon Ubaidillah, Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih, Susi Soviana, Isra Wahid, Andi Atu Sanusi, Tejo Sasmono, Rizalinda, Endang Sri Ratna, Syahri Bulan, Subagyo Yotopranoto.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">Conflicts of Interest: </span><span style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;">The authors declare no conflict of interest.</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><ol><li style="font-family: URWPalladioL; font-size: 9pt;"><p><span style="font-size: 9pt;">World Health Organization Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control 1997. 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Persistent Wolbachia and cultivable bacteria</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 9pt;">infection in the reproductive and somatic tissues of the mosquito vector Aedes albopictus. </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">PLoS ONE </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-weight: 700;">2009</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">, </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-style: italic;">4</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">, e6388. [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-size: 9pt;">CrossRef</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">] [</span><span style="color: #0875b7; font-size: 9pt;">PubMed</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">]</span></p></li></ol></div></div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-49952282109062941472024-02-06T04:13:00.000-08:002024-02-06T04:13:56.523-08:00Case Against The Health Ministe<p> <img alt="page1image21540640" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/551f3ed7-ace4-4e88-a58c-91eab8c1852b" width="596.000000" /></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Number INV/2023/NW/1</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">Subject: Application for Administrative Objection to the action of disseminating disease-causing biological agents that have the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics (Wolbachia Mosquitoes)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Dear.<br />Mr. Budi Gunadi Sadikin,<br />Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia on site</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Yours faithfully,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Those who sign the attachment "petition participants", hereinafter referred to as "the applicants", in this case request the Honorable Mr. Budi Gunadi Sadikin, as Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, to immediately revoke the Decree of the Minister of Health Number HK.01.07/ MENKES/1341/ 2022 and stop (temporarily) all actions to disseminate disease-causing biological agents that have the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics, especially mosquitoes modified with Wolbachia bacteria (hereinafter referred to as "Wolbachia Mosquitoes") or other modified/ engineered living creatures.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: 700;">1. Factual Basis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Specifically regarding the Wolbachia Mosquito program, the applicants have identified the following factual problems and deficiencies:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- There is no AMDAL (Environmental Impact Analysis) and related permits for the Wolbachia Mosquito program, while AMDAL and related permits are legally required for "activities whose results can affect the natural environment, the built environment, as well as the social and cultural environment;" and/or “introduction of types of plants, animals and microorganisms;”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- The Minister of Health does not have the authority to permit or order activities that impact the environment/ecosystem - Local research in a small area in Yogyakarta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">has become the basis for the national Wolbachia Mosquito program. Research conducted by the University of Jember </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(Genetic Variation of Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">based on DNA Polymorphism) </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">for example shows the high level of genetic diversity in the Aedes Aegypti population, meaning that the results of research in one small area cannot necessarily be compared to the results in other areas, research results in Yogyakarta, its validity must first be proven in </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">populations in other target areas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Manipulated and incomplete Risk Assessments, potential negative impacts on health and the environment were insufficiently researched and excluded -</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Various studies that have formed the basis for the Wolbachia Mosquito program were published in Journals that were not recognized (even banned) by BRIN</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Jakarta, December 8 2023</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 2"><img alt="page2image91932288" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/2ccd79b6-5142-4d77-b127-7bb7a25d4fcc" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- The Ministry of Health sides with groups with an interest in the Wolbachia Mosquito program rather than being neutral -</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Unilateral invitation from Commission IX of the DPR to the Minister of Health which includes Scott O'Neill, Director of WMP who plans to spread 200 million Wolbachia infected mosquitoes, in Bali</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Correlation is not causation, dengue fever decreases in Yogyakarta (77%) which claimed to be "due to" the Wolbachia Mosquito program could have occurred due to other causes such as conventional mosquito control methods, climate or other natural cycles. For example, in Bali dengue fever has also decreased/varied drastically, similar to Yogyakarta, without the presence of Wolbachia mosquitoes:</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 3"><img alt="page3image92269536" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ff456282-66f7-46fd-9455-2869be1d2b78" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Results abroad are not clear, for example in Sri Lanka the dengue fever rate has tripled since the Wolbachia Mosquito program was introduced, in Singapore (a very extensive Wolbachia mosquito program) the dengue fever rate has also increased and the NEA (National Environment Agency) admits that the program is still in progress. the experimental phase with many challenges although it started in 2016. NEA Singapore has also noticed changes in the phenotype of the dengue virus during trials which may be caused by the presence of the Wolbachia mosquito - A comprehensive study on the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">issue of evolution </span><span style="color: #212121; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(Wolbachia versus dengue: Evolutionary predictions) </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">came to the conclusion that the short-term benefits of the wolbachia method are promising, but the long- term impacts and risks are unknown: </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">“our analysis suggests that the possible benefits of this technology outweigh the negative impacts, but the true risks are largely unknown”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- A study </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(Reduced competitiveness of Wolbachia infected Aedes aegypti larvae in intra- and inter-specific immature interactions) </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">has found that </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">infected with Wolbachia is weakened thereby reducing their competition with other species, such as </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">Aedes albopictus </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">which is also a vector for dengue fever and various viruses others, which can lead to an increase in other mosquito populations.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- A study </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(Wolbachia Enhances West Nile Virus (WNV) Infection in the Mosquito Culex tarsalis) </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">has found that infection with Wolbachia bacteria increases the level of West Nile virus infection in </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">Culex tarsalis mosquitoes. </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">The same/similar risks have not been studied enough in the Wolbachia-borne </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">Aedes aegypti </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">mosquito program in Indonesia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- The Ministry of Health ignores the community's substantial and well-founded objections and concerns</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Undue and unreasonable foreign influence, for example World Mosquito</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Programs funded by various controversial entities such as Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Import of Wolbachia mosquito eggs from Australia is suspected without permits and procedures applicable biosecurity (LARTAS)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Violation of the basic principles of </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">informed consent </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">(consent based on complete information), risks are hidden by the Ministry of Health and only benefits are promoted to the public</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- There is no clear responsibility and provisions regarding compensation for damage/losses caused by the Wolbachia Mosquito program - Violation of regional autonomy</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">for the environment and tourism, negative impact on tourism - Many or even most people reject the Wolbachia Mosquito program or feel unsafe and/or comfortable with the presence of the Wolbachia Mosquito, this fact has become clear from the national and international reaction to the Wolbachia Mosquito program. Local residents have no choice if the Wolbachia Mosquito is released without their consent in their area, however national and international tourists can and will choose to avoid the area which will cause (significant) harm to the tourism industry in the area.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 4"><img alt="page4image91323008" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/51b1157e-1bb9-4df9-b0bf-0fb19b301942" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">2. Legal Basis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Based on the entire description in Number 1. above, the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes violates the law, legal principles and conventions, including the following:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">A. Law no. 17 of 2023 concerning Health</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Article 399: </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">“Every person is<br />prohibited from: a. carry out activities to disseminate materials that contain causes of disease and health problems that have the potential to cause outbreaks; and/or</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">b. carry out activities to disseminate disease-causing biological agents that have the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics."</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Article 445: </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">"Every person who carries out activities to disseminate materials that contain disease- causing and/or biological agents that cause disease and health problems that have the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics as intended in Article 399 shall be punished by imprisonment for a maximum of 12 (twelve) years or criminal a maximum fine of IDR 5,000,000,000 (five billion rupiah).”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">B. Law no. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">The entirety of </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Paragraph 5 concerning AMDAL </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">and </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Paragraph 7 concerning Licensing </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">and amendments to the Job Creation Law (especially regarding participation of affected communities)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">C. Law no. 14 of 2008 concerning Openness of Public Information<br />Article 11 paragraph (1): </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">"Public Bodies are obliged to provide Public Information at any time</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">which includes:<br />b. the results of Public Body decisions and their considerations; c. all existing policies and supporting documents;”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">D. General Principles of Good Government (AAUPB) </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(Algemene Beginzedvan Behoulijk Bestures/ General Principles Of Good Administration):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">The Principle of Benefit , </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">namely: In publishing/conducting the object of the dispute, there is a balanced benefit between the interests of one individual and the interests of other individuals, the interests of individuals and the interests of society, the interests of citizens and foreigners, the interests of one community group and another community group, the interests of the government with citizens, the interests of the present generation with the interests of future generations.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 5"><img alt="page5image91433952" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/aa5ddd5e-7a94-4a5b-a832-4b60dc6e7213" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">The Principle of Impartiality , </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">namely: the principle that requires Government Agencies and/ or Officials to determine and/or carry out decisions and/or Actions by considering the interests of the parties as a whole and not being discriminatory.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">The Principle of Accuracy , </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">namely; that a Decision and/or Action must be based on complete information and documents to support the legality of the determination and/or implementation of the Decision and/or Action so that the Decision and/or Action in question is prepared carefully before the decision and/or Action is determined and/or done.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">The principle of not abusing authority </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">is; the principle that requires every Government Agency and/or Official not to use their authority for personal or other interests and not in accordance with the purpose of granting said authority, not to exceed, not abuse, and/or not mix up the authority.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">The Principle of Openness, </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">namely: When publishing/conducting an a quo dispute object, do not openly receive any information related to the applicable laws and regulations.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">Principle of Public Interest, </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">namely: Prioritizing public welfare and benefits in an aspirational, accommodating, selective and non-discriminatory manner</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700;">The principle of legal certainty , </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12pt;">namely: When issuing/conducting the object of a dispute, prioritizing the basis of statutory regulations, propriety and justice in every policy and so that the resulting decision meets the elements of legal certainty.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">E. 1945 Constitution:<br />Article 28A paragraph (1): </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">"Everyone has the right to live and the right to defend his life</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">and life"</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">Article 28G paragraph (1): </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">"Every person has the right to protection of himself,<br />his family, honor, dignity and property under his control, and has the right to a sense of security and protection from the threat of fear of doing or not doing something which is a human right ”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">Article 28H paragraph (1): </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Every person has the right to live in physical and spiritual prosperity, to have a place to live, and to have a good and healthy living environment and the right to receive</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">health services.<br /></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: 700;">F. Pancasila, </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">in particular:</span></p><p><span style="color: #202122; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">2. Just and civilized humanity 3. Indonesian Unity 4.</span></p><p><span style="color: #202122; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Democracy led by wisdom in deliberation and representation</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 6"><img alt="page6image91497408" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/8bfd3a31-4ec8-43aa-981d-e427d1b2283e" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #202122; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">5. Social justice for all Indonesian people</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: 700;">G. Salus Populis Suprema Lex Esto </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">(The safety of the people is the highest law)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: 700;">3. Provisions for continuing the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes in open environments and/or other activities that disseminate biological agents in open environments, hereinafter referred to as the Program.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Independent research/research, at least to replicate and validate research that has become the basis for the Program</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Complete, precise and independent risk assessment and risk-benefit analysis - Only research published in journals recognized by BRIN can be used</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">in the evaluation, approval and implementation of the Program<br />- AMDAL and Permits for Programs in accordance with Law no. 32 of 2009 concerning</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Environmental Protection and Management and its amendments to the Job Creation Law</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Obtain informed consent / community approval for the Program<br />- Without obligation, respecting the autonomy of regions that refuse to participate in</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Program<br />- Without commercial interests by national or foreign parties; total transparency</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Program funding<br />- Regulations that provide compensation to parties who suffer losses as a result</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Programs, for example tourism operators who experience a decline in the number</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">of visitors<br />- Clear and enforceable regulations that explain responsibility for damage/loss caused by, or</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">alleged to be caused by the Program, with a simple and fast compensation process that does not require legal action</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Complete and comprehensive transparency regarding all aspects of the Program, especially risks and uncertainties, including regulations prohibiting public communication of benefits without mentioning risks and uncertainties</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">- Formation of a committee involving all parties </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">(stakeholders), </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">including applicants, as advisors and supervisors of the Program</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Based on all the descriptions above, it is hoped that this objection request can be immediately followed up by Mr. Budi Gunadi Sadikin, as Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, and grant<br />this request by stopping (temporarily) all actions to disseminate disease-causing biological agents<br />that have the potential to cause outbreaks and epidemics, especially mosquitoes modified with Wolbachia bacteria or other modified/engineered living creatures.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">However, if this application does not receive a response according to the applicant's request within 10 working days, then without prejudice to respect, the applicant will take legal action to the State Administrative Court as per the legal channels regulated in Law 30/2014 concerning Government Administration / Law 6/2023 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 2</span></p></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 7"><img alt="page7image91618752" height="842.000000" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/3b596ec0-9407-4887-9a7b-d3795e50ca24" width="596.000000" /><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11pt;">Machine Translated by Google</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">In 2022 concerning Job Creation it becomes Law and Supreme Court Regulation no. 2 of 2019, and/or Citizen Lawsuit </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt; font-style: oblique; font-weight: 700;">in </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">the District Court.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">If there are questions regarding this application or the respondent wishes to discuss, the applicants can be contacted using the contact information provided below.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Thus, we submit this Administrative Objection Letter to the Honorable Mr. Budi Gunadi Sadikin, as Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.<br />Thank You.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Best regards, Petitioners Contact:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Investigates.org<br />Jalan Kalasan no. 15, Cimanggu Permai 1, Kec. Sareal Land, Kel. Kedung Badak, 16164 Bogor City</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10pt;">Tel. & WhatsApp: 0812 94055 112 Email: investigatedotorg@gmail.com Attachment: List of Applicants</span></p></div></div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-9607058375434138692024-01-29T17:50:00.000-08:002024-01-29T17:50:41.417-08:00Is The UK, The United States" B***ch?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcWMnho-zHSp0kcxFJgaSvMzsIuRHLORjOAR9r-a38-Pe0Xf7Z4ePSD9QC9oc8AXt4FnCQysUex81bTbhi7MLMtn9HILwyo7YpKkgeqJlHSpL-dtlMsNXriczLENWQG0LGQTld82ZkF2EU_WJbrzMYtA3_qftl58a7Y1ooMPf4FgywH_kkTmCJc2l-Ssc/s2880/Microsoft%20assumes%20legal%20responsibility%20for%20AI%20copyright%20on%20protected%20works.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1800" data-original-width="2880" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcWMnho-zHSp0kcxFJgaSvMzsIuRHLORjOAR9r-a38-Pe0Xf7Z4ePSD9QC9oc8AXt4FnCQysUex81bTbhi7MLMtn9HILwyo7YpKkgeqJlHSpL-dtlMsNXriczLENWQG0LGQTld82ZkF2EU_WJbrzMYtA3_qftl58a7Y1ooMPf4FgywH_kkTmCJc2l-Ssc/s320/Microsoft%20assumes%20legal%20responsibility%20for%20AI%20copyright%20on%20protected%20works.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>You won't believe what is being said on the BBC and such like.</p><p>Some general has been told to introduce the idea of conscription for real actual men to go and kill other semi-obliterated-already men, women and children in places like Palestine, Yemen and Iran. It's just sick and the men and women of Great Britain want you to know we are not behind any of this violence.</p><p>Put the drones down, turn the artificial intelligence off, and have a little think!</p><p>My Peace Declaration!</p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/HBsPDhZj3Yk" target="_blank">Peace Declaration</a> </p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-76902431578402918482024-01-22T03:25:00.000-08:002024-01-22T03:25:28.165-08:00The Real Reason For Ireland's Referendum<h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"> <span style="font-family: Helvetica;">The Irish Government want to change the definition of family to a durable relationship - meaningless in law. </span></span></h2><div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;">Video: </span><a href="https://youtu.be/aBo-B10EvWQ" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;" target="_blank">The Degradation of Women's Rights Implicit in the suggested 39th Amendment</a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQtPdfTWsCVzoZW5gzbkcLKQix1yJY5-XjeAAqId9lQvaVFEm9jdhqWmXylkZG1mO6NfJ5kQChg5S4QERyjBNPCbKM0jgRlHTTFwV42SUNfrokBVBFBimbWAFgpRfc3zMorRJJCC_nvQGBliGDdOozT5txKxIQhW-WVELvXs6ARydVhg10Ekb6mCgc9Lo/s1600/Darren%20and%20Buddy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQtPdfTWsCVzoZW5gzbkcLKQix1yJY5-XjeAAqId9lQvaVFEm9jdhqWmXylkZG1mO6NfJ5kQChg5S4QERyjBNPCbKM0jgRlHTTFwV42SUNfrokBVBFBimbWAFgpRfc3zMorRJJCC_nvQGBliGDdOozT5txKxIQhW-WVELvXs6ARydVhg10Ekb6mCgc9Lo/s320/Darren%20and%20Buddy.jpg" width="240" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">They want to take mothers and women from the Constitution.</p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> Until now, the mother was the matriarch of the home and it clearly states in 41.2 that’ social order’ cannot be achieved without the mother.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">If that’s the case, then why are they taking the mother out? They, in this instance, are the Irish government and there are multiple reasons they are promoting this amendment and none of those reasons are anything to do with respecting LGBTQ..</p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">It is to appease the lgbtq community because the rights of gay men and other genders recognised now are not solidified within the constitution.</p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">"The State recognises the family as the natural primary and fundamental unit group of society, and as a moral institution possessing inalienable, inprescriptable rights and antecedent and superior to all positive law."</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In reality there are a lot of words in this article that have power. The woman is protected above acts, statutes, legislation - which </p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Positive law includes all mandates, acts, statutes and legislation. Because the woman’s rights are superior to all positive law that is the real reason they want to remove it. </p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Interestingly, the man is not mentioned in the Bunreact. What everyone needs to understand is that man and woman are words of natural law, more fundamental than positive law. in the Constitution the authority sequence is God, men and women then government as public servants. The government are trying to switch it and say there's God, government, then us. We the people are all on the same side and we need men and women and family with authorities and roles in the Constitution to maintain this lawful power structure.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">41.11 The state guarantees to protect the Constitution and authority of the family as the necessary basis to social order. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In reality, the words here are 'guarantees', 'protect' and 'authority'. </p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Please think in terms of Social Protection, which is in this case a financial and housing obligation to facilitate the period of a woman’s life in the home, Currently, in the Constitution, the government accepts responsibility of that guarantee. </p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;">A guarantee has consequences if not fulfilled.</h2>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The changing of these words takes away the responsibility from the government. This is especially by replacing the word ‘guarantees ‘to ‘strive’. Striving has no consequences if they fail to achieve supporting the people and children.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">If the government remove, from themselves, their guarantee and obligation to the woman in the home so that children can be raised (and we'll talk about the carers' bill in another post), all types of social welfare payments that go to single mothers, widows, wives of army men, children’s allowance, back-to-school payments will be gone. Women will be put on to jobseekers allowance, where all members of the family will be forced to find a job and your child will be indoctrinated into creches and new institutions, from infancy. rather than the bonding development period, one to one relationships that all pedagogies in the National Forum confirm are crucial to successful stable emotional, physical and mental development. The creches have already been advertised on E-Tenders which is a government public contract website where huge amounts of money exchange hands and all experienced people and organizations will not be considered as the government will not award contracts to anyone who has not managed an equal sized contract before, leaving mercenary incompetent companies in charge of infants between 6 months and 3 years. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;">What the government should be doing</h2><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Instead of taking away rights, they should be rushing to implement at last the 49 recommendations for improving women’s rights in eire that were agreed in the 1970s.</p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">For example: <b>The Anti-Discrimination (Pay) Act 1974, the Employment Equality Act 1977, the removal of the marriage bar in the Civil Service in 1973, and the Maternity Protection of Employees Act 1981 which introduced maternity leave are examples of related changes in Irish legislation.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>The very opposite is being proposed here.</b></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><a href="https://youtu.be/UI--GbyLiIk" target="_blank">short interview with emer, on why to vote no at the referendum </a><br /></b></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-30854608976470178942024-01-09T17:04:00.000-08:002024-01-13T14:39:15.361-08:00The UN are great<p> <span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px;">“Unrecoverable Error”</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px;"> </span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6TruZV3IApIAE2rNIFvc_PFOzE_vUbbH1qqQYCPSA8s5AlpM6RMhv6x-DOYkRhD56lKV37J7GF9ex6wrIhE3w5KL5ETETUzsQXFM_TvB26d9LLClOp6k958nwYjPQ6oxhstm_mBT5gXoddIRkPUqYExMlRZK4tVSU7w7eW1hfmkFw5pBPePZDlzL9eSU/s1565/WHO%20and%20Nuclear.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1286" data-original-width="1565" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6TruZV3IApIAE2rNIFvc_PFOzE_vUbbH1qqQYCPSA8s5AlpM6RMhv6x-DOYkRhD56lKV37J7GF9ex6wrIhE3w5KL5ETETUzsQXFM_TvB26d9LLClOp6k958nwYjPQ6oxhstm_mBT5gXoddIRkPUqYExMlRZK4tVSU7w7eW1hfmkFw5pBPePZDlzL9eSU/s320/WHO%20and%20Nuclear.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px; text-align: center;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>Why are the International Atomic Energy Agency part of the Health Regulations? Article 6 (in one of the drafts treaties that are the moving target that member states are to decide on) dedicate an article to the IAEA. </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px; text-align: center;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>In another article the WHO claims that nuclear submarines are central to their logistics supply chain. I suppose if they are dropping off the experimental gene therapies, no one is going to send them packing…however much damage they did the last time (17 million dead from Covid 19 vaccine injuries I gather. They stopped the roll out of the swine flu universal vaccine after 20 died but hey that was 10 years ago and life held value back then).</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>We need to explore the risk that Indonesia may lose control of their nuclear resources.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px; text-align: center;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>According to BRIN's Awaludin, Indonesia has uranium reserves of some 90,000 tonnes and thorium reserves of around 140,000 tonnes - enough to power 10 1,000MWe nuclear for 30 years. Both the Sustainability Goals and Health Treaties require that member states report their resources, which means that the WHO can take control of them on climate action or health emergency grounds, declared by themselves. </b></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;">English Comedy:</p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyJh3qKjSMk" target="_blank">Yes Prime Minister Discussing The Trident Submarine Purchase</a><br /></b></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><br /></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWblndAzZSrqLSwjAV1lNGLuU9q0QDV_Svf90zQ51s9bmg3q0xZnrSwhIE89idxD3TP7sKLotJ5czZIc_xuXy4bfgWHgosUQ06uRIQwCSsuzkmSGGypfrUSg4Yw-fTg559Ofs2ri_nPqdASCx4SBd378AUiv_4jhSyDEdWqHnNXoyKYWZjKxORpR54Mbc/s1338/Reignation%20speak%20now%20or%20surrender%20to%20unspeakable%20horror.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="886" data-original-width="1338" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWblndAzZSrqLSwjAV1lNGLuU9q0QDV_Svf90zQ51s9bmg3q0xZnrSwhIE89idxD3TP7sKLotJ5czZIc_xuXy4bfgWHgosUQ06uRIQwCSsuzkmSGGypfrUSg4Yw-fTg559Ofs2ri_nPqdASCx4SBd378AUiv_4jhSyDEdWqHnNXoyKYWZjKxORpR54Mbc/s320/Reignation%20speak%20now%20or%20surrender%20to%20unspeakable%20horror.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">It is hard to remember what the public used to to be told about nuclear power. We knew nuclear reactors were dangerous because the processes of fission and fusion require extreme compression and extreme heat; temperatures twice as hot as the core of the sun. Sometimes nuclear power stations would “melt-down”, releasing radioactive waste. We were told that nuclear waste never degrades. Hundreds of millions of cubic metres, of the toxic waste, sit in each country, including Indonesia, while ways to store it ‘for longer than expected’ (Brin) are explored. Sometimes nuclear waste was piped to other countries, or dumped little-by-little into the sea. More recently, the nuclear industry were in negotiations with gas and oil companies to bury the waste in empty wells. In the past, most men and women associated nuclear power with war and inevitable mass destruction, by accident or by design.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;">"<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q-lMS4EPaSI" target="_blank">Can You Smell The Smell The Loo Smell Traveling Through The Air? Ay, I can Lad, It's Coming From Over There. Over The Hill, Down In The Valley, There's No Buildings There. It's a Nuclear Power Dump Site, Someone Doesn't Care. Parliament Says it's Safe, So Why Not Bury It There?" Wise words from Flux and The Pink Indians back in the 80s</a><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Then there was the danger of “a maniac” “pressing the button”, detonating a nuclear bomb. We hoped leaders would know of the “nuclear winter” that would follow, where nothing will grow and so much radiation in the air would make our hair fall out, and quickly humans, along with the other animal and plant life would wither and die.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">People imagined that military personnel would wait nervously for the leader of their country to give the command to fire. We hoped the threat of nuclear war would only ever escalate following many months and years of peace negotiations, and efforts to find other resolutions. If we had thought about using nuclear weapons logically, we would have remembered that there is only ever a “4-minute warning”. Four minutes is not enough time to ring the President, or even discuss with a colleague, so <b>whoever is on duty</b> must rely on the notification from that computer system and follow protocol. Military protocol requires immediate retaliation. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This procedure, upon which the safety of the whole world rests, was eventually tested: A transmission came in, to an Early Warning data centre, that the US had launched six nuclear missiles on Russia. By great chance, a man by the name of Stanislav Petrov was on duty. Feeling the responsibility for the action he had to take, he recognised he still had a choice. “An erroneous retaliatory nuclear attack on the United States and its NATO allies could have wiped out half of the population”. But what else did he have, in addition to the computer reports and protocol? He had the depth of his experience; his reasoning; his observations of the political landscape; his care for life and trust in his own inner authority. Petrov made “a judgement call” and decided the reports must be a false alarm. “An investigation later confirmed that the satellite warning system had indeed malfunctioned”. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In the upcoming election debate, candidates should discuss their understanding and stance on commercial and military nuclear power and how they will lead with discernment and concern for the cost to life. The cost to life is not just if there’s a war or disaster. The replacement Trident nuclear submarine for the UK cost the same as providing an upgraded National Health Service for free, for the whole population, for 45 years. Somehow the decision to finance the submarine instead of the National Health Service, got passed in their parliament.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Thankfully, President Joko Widodo already sent a clear message to the world that “the possession and use of nuclear weapons cannot be justified for any reason”, when he ratified the Treaty Prohibiting Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) in November 2023. But was Indonesia informed by its “Plenipotentiary ambassadors” abroad (These are delegates to foreign countries who have independent, executive powers to act on behalf of Indonesia) about the AUKUS Partnership between the UK, US and Australia; to arm Australia with eight nuclear submarines? China have called the plan “a return to a Cold War mentality”. France are calling it a “stab in the back”, as a French company was going to manufacture the submarines and Australia had to pay France 555 million euro compensation, just to get out of the deal. With that level of international bad feeling about the Arkus partnership, only formed in 2021, ministerial candidates must ask whether the submarines could make Indonesia more of a military target, than act as a ‘deterrent’ - which is what some governments are calling nuclear weapons now - or serve on the Pandemic Preparedness fast-response supply chain to international health and security crises, where the UN say they would like to maximise the use of nuclear submarines.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Following recent agreements with the US and the upcoming WHO Pandemic Treaty, already signed, can Indonesia put the brakes on and say ‘No’ to nuclear weapons in Indonesian waters or the use of Indonesian resources to fuel and arm them? The submarines, like the other smart technologies are to use artificial intelligence extensively in their operation.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gladiator Bangsa have also been considering, when did competent authorities, regulators and decision-makers start trusting technology and being digitally-assisted, more than trusting our own experience and knowledge and trusting each other? </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Most people have sat in front of a computer screen for a lot longer than four minutes, in frustration and powerlessness, unable to even verify their own identity to access their own accounts. In the past, a computer screen would often read ‘Unrecoverable Error”. Imagine the artificial intelligence in these nuclear submarines, executing their programmed protocols without hesitation, while the Naval Commander frantically tries to get clearance to stop the ballistic missiles being fired. The computer may require a retina scan; facial recognition; a finger print, and may an OTP - a One Time Password. Picture all these being asked for at once in order to return the computer system to manual controls. Too late. “Unrecoverable error”. </p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdzA8pdkLLg" target="_blank">The Equalizer by Urgent Rougherendum</a><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">References</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">AUSMIN meeting in July 2023, AUKUS members strengthened their military ties to counter superpower China. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg40USbLrlZ_xxfrZXoO7rVLEhl7V0f32VxvBV6PqGSIj9yyTPKsAC5MZgDMZ9DAQYEx75ZYHtHZu5Ao2aS0GwZVaIS1LDFUrZ6BPuMPNRDllj3FkONcqSv41NUUe_zVTkS-WbIpuXvdjBxQj9F5e7zVTLgoTe5rFMKLNxAsSZbUnQQGLh52-kuTYCmueQ/s1280/Arkus%20partnership%20and%20Inodonesia%20connection.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="576" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg40USbLrlZ_xxfrZXoO7rVLEhl7V0f32VxvBV6PqGSIj9yyTPKsAC5MZgDMZ9DAQYEx75ZYHtHZu5Ao2aS0GwZVaIS1LDFUrZ6BPuMPNRDllj3FkONcqSv41NUUe_zVTkS-WbIpuXvdjBxQj9F5e7zVTLgoTe5rFMKLNxAsSZbUnQQGLh52-kuTYCmueQ/s320/Arkus%20partnership%20and%20Inodonesia%20connection.jpeg" width="144" /></a></div><br /><p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 29px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Screenshot says: Arkus members must maintain warm ties with Indonesia regardless of who wins the Presidential election!</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUKUS - partnership between UK, US to help Australia get nuclear submarines.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">I think the next meeting could discuss if this is treason, to commit Indonesia to a treaty that will mean it is forced to exploit its resources at its own expense to provide fuel and weapons for Australia's nuclear submarines - that sail 365 a year regardless of war or peace as its too dangerous to turn them on or off. They want Indonesia's resources and force their extraction on climate action grounds. (The UN sustainability goals deadline is November 2024 Roguski says) Hence all the military involvement are token characters (as Richard found), not the senior officials who actually care or understand biosafety and protecting Indonesia from misuse. Ref Military involvement with the WHO.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is the plan that biden made with the president: The Semi-conductor eco system!</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://id.usembassy.gov/fact-sheet-president-joseph-r-biden-and-president-joko-widodo-announce-the-u-s-indonesia-comprehensive-strategic-partnership/</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is the mining that I believe Biden wants to help Indonesia with: </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/deep_sea_mining_norway_lec/?blSGXab&v=152819&cl=20989821612&_checksum=b2c0223f58b57533a516514dcb08003401c1d68bca32c9a89839993977fb2ca8</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is the WHO's own review of the financing of the Treaty and UN Climate action being finalized at COP28 this week. All of which your planning minister would like to know about I'm sure!!</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">I was looking at the United Nations who are based in New York and found this ambassador for Indonesia who is in charge of the seabed authority. I also shared the UN ambassador's list to ask Nicola if they were the same ambassadors as we appealed to, to encourage their countries to exit the WHO! I don't know yet.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Indonesia's ambassador is on the Rulers List !!!!</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://rulers.org/indexn1.html</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is a list of the current permanent representatives to the United Nations at United Nations Headquarters, Ne...</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is a list of the current permanent representatives to the United Nations at United Nations Headquarters, Ne...</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">All the different UN bodies behind the initiatives</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.un.org/en/about-us/main-bodies</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This may explain why biosurveillance, regulation and marine biotech are already in place for Indonesia. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Is the geothermal a resource they might be after, I asked google:</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/indonesia-behind-in-exploiting-its-geothermal-resources/</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Oxitec/WHO WMP are connected:</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">13 years. in Oxford University and Vietnam on Mosquitoes - Wolbachia. Director of Global Implementation.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/cameron-simmons </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Katie Anders epidemiologist and doctoral scholar at the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam - WMP Director Impact Assessment</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/katie-anders</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Scott O'Neill - genetic engineering work</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DNv_re0AAAAJ&hl=en - </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Sir Jeremy Farrar - head scientist at the WHO</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Farrar</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">He was at Oxitec GM Mosquitoes / Wellcome Trust Annual Report </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://cms.wellcome.org/sites/default/files/2023-01/Wellcome-Trust-Annual-Report-and-Financial-Statements-2022.pdf</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Attached screenshots: : Nasir (Plenipotentiary Indonesian UN Diplomat in charge of Seabed), UN and Microsoft accept legal costs for AI Privacy infringements (and the same AI is being used to map bombing sites for Israel to bomb Palestine too at the moment - which makes sense of the Indonesian hospital being bombed the day we interrupted their deployment in Bali. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article showing how military have shown enthusiasm for policing health.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673618328381?fr=RR-2&ref=pdf_download&rr=83223e8ffee62db8</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> <a href="https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/uk-takes-major-step-towards-near-limitless-low-carbon-energy/">https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/uk-takes-major-step-towards-near-limitless-low-carbon-energy/</a> <a href="https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2021/05/civil-nuclear-in-military-service.html">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2021/05/civil-nuclear-in-military-service.html</a> <a href="https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2015/10/they-are-trying-to-militarize-space.html">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2015/10/they-are-trying-to-militarize-space.html</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.icanw.org/indonesia">https://www.icanw.org/indonesia</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/may/05/meltdown-three-mile-island-netflix-us-nuclear-accident">https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/may/05/meltdown-three-mile-island-netflix-us-nuclear-accident</a> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/3211380/indonesia-looks-set-solidify-long-term-plans-nuclear-energy-generation">https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/3211380/indonesia-looks-set-solidify-long-term-plans-nuclear-energy-generation</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-delivers-final-peer-review-report-to-indonesia-on-decommissioning-and-radioactive-waste-management">https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/iaea-delivers-final-peer-review-report-to-indonesia-on-decommissioning-and-radioactive-waste-management</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/uk-takes-major-step-towards-near-limitless-low-carbon-energy/">https://ccfe.ukaea.uk/uk-takes-major-step-towards-near-limitless-low-carbon-energy/</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/how-nuclear-weapons-work">https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/how-nuclear-weapons-work</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.iaea.org/bulletin/what-is-fusion-and-why-is-it-so-difficult-to-achieve">https://www.iaea.org/bulletin/what-is-fusion-and-why-is-it-so-difficult-to-achieve</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2022/12/10/swiss-banker-pascal-najadi-files-criminal-charges-against-new-swiss-president-alain-berset/">https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2022/12/10/swiss-banker-pascal-najadi-files-criminal-charges-against-new-swiss-president-alain-berset/</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://thebulletin.org/2022/10/nowhere-to-hide-how-a-nuclear-war-would-kill-you-and-almost-everyone-else/">https://thebulletin.org/2022/10/nowhere-to-hide-how-a-nuclear-war-would-kill-you-and-almost-everyone-else/</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://www.eurasiareview.com/05012024-the-nuclear-energy-dilemma-climate-savior-or-existential-threat-analysis/?fbclid=IwAR3KX-QxvKTMOCburKEg5GHdz6B4uqLxj82FUHp7lpwLtOIVnzeFA82nkrY">https://www.eurasiareview.com/05012024-the-nuclear-energy-dilemma-climate-savior-or-existential-threat-analysis/?fbclid=IwAR3KX-QxvKTMOCburKEg5GHdz6B4uqLxj82FUHp7lpwLtOIVnzeFA82nkrY</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="http://factorgmo.com/public-board/">http://factorgmo.com/public-board/</a></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><a href="https://ukinventory.nda.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Understanding-activities-that-produce-radioactive-wastes-in-the-UK.pdf">https://ukinventory.nda.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Understanding-activities-that-produce-radioactive-wastes-in-the-UK.pdf</a></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Lots of love and hope life is good for you, well done on the lawsuit! </span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.rfsafe.com/will-elon-musk-engulf-planet-with-cancer-causing-microwave-radiation/">https://www.rfsafe.com/will-elon-musk-engulf-planet-with-cancer-causing-microwave-radiation/<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://eraoflight.com/2023/12/12/prominent-swiss-banker-calls-for-arrest-of-entire-world-economic-forum-2/">https://eraoflight.com/2023/12/12/prominent-swiss-banker-calls-for-arrest-of-entire-world-economic-forum-2/<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Weapons of Mass Destruction</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senjata_pemusnah_massal">https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senjata_pemusnah_massal<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=what+does+IKN+stand+for%3F&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8#ip=1">what does IKN stand for?<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">This is the abbreviation for Nusantara but it is a common abbreviation for 'I know not'</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">So the president was in America talking about I know not what!</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/investment/2648605/indonesia-seeks-investors-to-develop-new-capital">https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/investment/2648605/indonesia-seeks-investors-to-develop-new-capital<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">But he has said that Indonesia will only pay for 20% of the new capital. Hes encouraging others to invest like Thailand but Microsoft is the biggest contibutor.</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>APEC builders for Nusantara</b></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.apec.org/docs/default-source/publications/2022/12/policy-development-for-green-building-concept-implementation-towards-low-carbon-city/222_ewg_policy-development-for-green-building-concept-implementation-towards-low-carbon-city.pdf?sfvrsn=db095c21_2">https://www.apec.org/docs/default-source/publications/2022/12/policy-development-for-green-building-concept-implementation-towards-low-carbon-city/222_ewg_policy-development-for-green-building-concept-implementation-towards-low-carbon-city.pdf?sfvrsn=db095c21_2<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>PUPR says ministerial and security forces houses are 42% finished</b></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://en.tempo.co/read/1807780/govt-says-progress-for-ministerial-houses-in-ikn-reaches-42-percent?tracking_page_direct">https://en.tempo.co/read/1807780/govt-says-progress-for-ministerial-houses-in-ikn-reaches-42-percent?tracking_page_direct<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Gates 47 months fintech funding for jakarta is just finished </b></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.gatesfoundation.org/about/committed-grants/2019/10/inv001331">https://www.gatesfoundation.org/about/committed-grants/2019/10/inv001331<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The REDD Incentives for governments to not cut down forests. Could it be used. Has it been misused by new Magrove plantations for Biotech use?</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.un-redd.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/Can%20fragile%20state%20decide%20to%20reduce%20deforestation%20-%20Elsevier%20-Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics%20-%20June%202011.pdf">https://www.un-redd.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/Can%20fragile%20state%20decide%20to%20reduce%20deforestation%20-%20Elsevier%20-Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics%20-%20June%202011.pdf<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Ministers of public works and marine</b></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://southeastasiaglobe.com/indonesias-new-capital-covid19/">https://southeastasiaglobe.com/indonesias-new-capital-covid19/<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-investigating-explosion-bandung-police-station-media-2022-12-07/">https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-investigating-explosion-bandung-police-station-media-2022-12-07/<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">BandungmSuicide bmber criticizing new criminal code</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The President also thought the criminal code needed more 'Socialization'</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/12/08/indonesia-new-criminal-code-disastrous-rights">https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/12/08/indonesia-new-criminal-code-disastrous-rights<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://bimp-eaga.kalbarprov.go.id/press/regional-secretary-of-west-kalimantan-believes-the-25th-ptm-bimp-eaga-in-west-kalimantan-will-be-succeed">https://bimp-eaga.kalbarprov.go.id/press/regional-secretary-of-west-kalimantan-believes-the-25th-ptm-bimp-eaga-in-west-kalimantan-will-be-succeed<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Trade meeting</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">They plan to exploit Rattan and Mangrove roots - INBAR Transfer of Technology United nations Model for Kilmantan</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/inbar-official/?trk=public_profile_experience-item_profile-section-card_image-click&originalSubdomain=th">https://www.linkedin.com/company/inbar-official/?trk=public_profile_experience-item_profile-section-card_image-click&originalSubdomain=th<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Rattan</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.fao.org/3/y2783e/y2783e.pdf">https://www.fao.org/3/y2783e/y2783e.pdf<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.fao.org/3/x5860e/x5860e04.htm">https://www.fao.org/3/x5860e/x5860e04.htm<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-kerning: none;">Monkeypox cae in Bandung in October - <a href="https://jabarprov.go.id/en/berita/kasus-cacar-monyet-muncul-di-kota-bandung-pemkot-imbau-masyarakat-perhatikan-ini-11179"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">https://jabarprov.go.id/en/berita/kasus-cacar-monyet-muncul-di-kota-bandung-pemkot-imbau-masyarakat-perhatikan-ini-11179</span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Mangrove BIotech</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://annalsmicrobiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s13213-012-0442-7">https://annalsmicrobiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s13213-012-0442-7<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #191919; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">modified method is efficient in obtaining high-quality RNA from mangrove roots and is suitable for downstream experiments such as cDNA synthesis, real-time quantitative PCR and next-generation sequencing.</span></p>
<p style="color: #191919; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Conservation, medicine etc</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37288480/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37288480/<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">50,000 mangrove trees</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://mowilex.com/en/press-release/mowilex-donates-5000-trees-to-revive-the-damaged-mangrove-swamp-in-tukad-mati-bali/">https://mowilex.com/en/press-release/mowilex-donates-5000-trees-to-revive-the-damaged-mangrove-swamp-in-tukad-mati-bali/<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Inappropriate use of government incentives to stop de-forestation</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.un-redd.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/Can%20fragile%20state%20decide%20to%20reduce%20deforestation%20-%20Elsevier%20-Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics%20-%20June%202011.pdf">https://www.un-redd.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/Can%20fragile%20state%20decide%20to%20reduce%20deforestation%20-%20Elsevier%20-Forest%20Policy%20and%20Economics%20-%20June%202011.pdf<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Phytoremediation -soil remediation a terrible soil microbiome Gree Technology to clean pollute soil.</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363088869_Mangroves_as_potential_agents_of_Phytoremediation_A_review">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363088869_Mangroves_as_potential_agents_of_Phytoremediation_A_review<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #18191b; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">According to the Rome Statute, it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes. The International Criminal Court can only intervene where a State is unable or unwilling to genuinely carry out the investigation and prosecute the perpetrators</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=the+rome+statute&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8">the rome statute<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">just sending our email to all the kodim and came across this. It's a new UN brigade I only found a 622 in Sri lanka so far</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="color: #18191a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1.4px;"><span style="background-color: white;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">622nd Infantry Battalion (New raising)</span></li>
</ul>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.army.lk/news/622-infantry-brigade-troops-donors-support-get-school-accessories-dry-rations-100-families">https://www.army.lk/news/622-infantry-brigade-troops-donors-support-get-school-accessories-dry-rations-100-families<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Kodim Whistleblowing system</b></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.asabri.co.id/pengaduan">https://www.asabri.co.id/pengaduan<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="color: #18191a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1.4px;"><span style="background-color: white;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">621st Raider Infantry Battalion/Manutung I think this is a US Army Pacific Division</span></li>
</ul>
<p style="color: #18191a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 17px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #18191a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">A UN Army exercise?</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://admm.asean.org/dmdocuments/2020_April_13th%20ADMM-Plus%20EWG%20on%20PKO%20and%20MPC_Sydney,7-9%20November%202018_Annex%201.%20EWG%20PKO%20Registration%20List.pdf">https://admm.asean.org/dmdocuments/2020_April_13th%20ADMM-Plus%20EWG%20on%20PKO%20and%20MPC_Sydney,7-9%20November%202018_Annex%201.%20EWG%20PKO%20Registration%20List.pdf<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #b04b04; font-family: Verdana; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: ".SF NS"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">This head of Java Field Police ran an Avian Flu Pandemic Preparedness Project (with Sir Jeremy Farrah head scientist of WHO discovered that H5N1 had emerged in nature again - that's what they studied in Vietnam.</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: ".SF NS"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Tubagus Arie ("Kak Arie") Rukmantara</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tubagus-arie-rukmantara-a93b0a23/?original_referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Egoogle%2Ecom%2F&originalSubdomain=id">https://www.linkedin.com/in/tubagus-arie-rukmantara-a93b0a23/?original_referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Egoogle%2Ecom%2F&originalSubdomain=id<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2023/03/29/analysis-deputy-ministers-bribery-revives-mining-takeover-case.html">https://www.thejakartapost.com/opinion/2023/03/29/analysis-deputy-ministers-bribery-revives-mining-takeover-case.html<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=PT+Citra+Lampia+Mandiri&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8">PT Citra Lampia Mandiri<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.theborneopost.com/2023/12/08/indonesian-deputy-minister-resigns-amid-corruption-allegations/">https://www.theborneopost.com/2023/12/08/indonesian-deputy-minister-resigns-amid-corruption-allegations/<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The nickel is used for very exploited battery components</span></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=what+is+indoniesia%27s+nickel+used+for&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8">what is indoniesia's nickel used for<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsindonesia-adopts-regulation-on-uranium-mining-and-prepares-for-possible-npp-10485065#:~:text=According%20to%20BRIN%27s%20Awaludin%2C%20Indonesia,MWe%20nuclear%20for%2030%20years.">https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsindonesia-adopts-regulation-on-uranium-mining-and-prepares-for-possible-npp-10485065#:~:text=According%20to%20BRIN%27s%20Awaludin%2C%20Indonesia,MWe%20nuclear%20for%2030%20years.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Oh no mining uranium working party.</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">ARKUS news they will get the australian nuclear submarines as soon as possilble but rigorously avoid proliferation of weapons of mass destruction!</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/04/05/fact-sheet-implementation-of-the-australia-united-kingdom-united-states-partnership-aukus/">https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/04/05/fact-sheet-implementation-of-the-australia-united-kingdom-united-states-partnership-aukus/<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">The Committee roster can be found here.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Pandemic - United States House Co...</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">United States House Committee on Oversight and Accountability</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Questions could profitably be asked about the following:</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">1. The WHO is not an honest broker. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">a. Its Director-General has repeatedly lied about the WHO's 2 proposed treaties: the pandemic treaty/agreement, and International Health Regulation (IHR) amendments, claiming they do not seize sovereignty, when there is no doubt they do precisely that. See Why Does the WHO Make False Claims Regarding Proposals to Seize States' Sovereignty? by David Bell, MD, PhD and attorney Thi Thuy Van Dinh, PhD.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">b. The WHO appears to have deceived the public about whether the amendments "approved" in May 2022 followed the legally required procedure of a full WHA vote. Twelve members of the European Parliament wrote to the WHO on November 28, 2023 asking for evidence that the WHO actually conducted a vote of the entire World Health Assembly to pass several new amendments in May 2022, with a 48 hour deadline. The WHO did not respond, and the twelve European parliament members declared the May 2022 amendments null and void last week.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">c. The WHO's principal legal office, Steven Solomon, stated in early October that the IHR working group did not have to follow the required procedure (found in the existing 2005 version of the International Health Regulations) to make public the draft of new proposed amendments 4 months in advance of a vote. Thus, we may not see the new amendments until after the WHO members have voted on them. https://merylnass.substack.com/p/the-who-will-ignore-its-own-rules</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">2. The WHO's proposed treaties are unconstitutional</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">a. They demand that nations perform surveillance of their citizens' social media footprints and censor them to prevent 'infodemics' (too much information, according to the WHO's definition), misinformation and disinformation, surveil</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">b. They say that nations should give up the intellectual property rights of their citizens.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">c. There is no due process for the declaring or ending of public health emergencies of international concern, for which no standards exist.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">3. In the Oct. 30 draft of the treaty, A new WHO Secretariat and Conference of Parties for pandemics are to be established in the future and will make their own rules. Thus, agreeing to this means providing a blank check to the WHO to do whatever it wants at some later date.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">4. The 2 proposed treaties ignore existing internal law prohibiting the proliferation of biological warfare agents (the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention and the 2004 Security Council Memorandum 1540) and demand that nations search out new agents (a.k.a. "potential pandemic pathogens") and share them with the WHO, which will "share them globally." The WHO has already established a BioHub for this purpose and a Pathogen Access and Benefits System.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">5. The proposed treaty and amendments also demand that nations perform 2 additional forms of surveillance of their citizens: microbiological surveillance of their populations, animals and ecosystems for pathogens, and surveillance and sharing of medical and hospital records, both of which violate privacy protections.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">6. The proposed amendments remove the guarantee of "Human rights, dignity and freedom of persons" that are found in the current international health regulations.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">7. The two proposed treaties are both binding, whereas the earlier IHR were recommendations only, apart from minor requirements for notification of certain outbreaks to the WHO. The two proposed documents would give the WHO and particularly its Director-General vast authority to manage healthcare globally. The current Director-General is not a medical practitioner and instead has a PhD in Community Health.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">8. The WHO lacks the personnel and expertise to manage international pandemics and other health concerns. Any developed nation has within it much more capacity to understand and manage medical events within its borders, and likely international events as well.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">9. The proposed treaty calls for rapidly produced vaccines and for nations to implement domestic legislation to permit the use of unlicensed medical products without manufacturer liability, instead "managing" the liability issues using existing models, such as the US' Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program, which has so far compensated 8 Americans for injuries related to EUA COVID products (primarily vaccines) from the 12,358 claims filed. https://www.hrsa.gov/cicp/cicp-data</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program (CICP) Data | HRSA</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">HRSA’s CICP aggregate data for countermeasure injury claims for fiscal years 2010 – 2023.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">10. It is apparent that in the process of developing the “Pandemic Accord” and amendments to the IHR, WHO/WHA positioned itself in a combined law-making/executive/expert/censorship role, which is a well-known path to usurpation of unrestrained power. It should not be surprising, therefore, that the proposed Amendments grant expressly such power to the WHO.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">11. The WHO receives 85% of its funding from voluntary contributions, and only 15% from dues paid by its 194 member nations. Most of the voluntary contributions are earmarked for special projects that the WHO carries out. When President Trump withheld US funding in 2020, Bill Gates became the WHO's top funder. The (unelected) WHO serves many private masters, yet seeks to govern the world's population.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">12. Virtually every recommendation the WHO made for managing the COVID pandemic was counterproductive. Why would we give the WHO the power to enforce the same bad advice on the US and world? </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Meryl Nass, MD</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">December 11, 2023</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2022/12/10/swiss-banker-pascal-najadi-files-criminal-charges-against-new-swiss-president-alain-berset/">https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2022/12/10/swiss-banker-pascal-najadi-files-criminal-charges-against-new-swiss-president-alain-berset/<span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-019-02020-3">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-019-02020-3</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Slovakia not entering treaty </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/slovakia-will-not-be-entering-into/">https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/slovakia-will-not-be-entering-into/</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Estonia Not entering treaty </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/estonia-notifies-who-that-it-rejects-pandemic-treaty/">https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/estonia-notifies-who-that-it-rejects-pandemic-treaty/</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Microsoft sacks AI Ethics team</span><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; text-decoration: underline;"> </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://actions.eko.org/a/tell-microsoft-safeguard-chatgpt/?akid=128123.7620788.panUx7&rd=1&source=fwd&t=10">https://actions.eko.org/a/tell-microsoft-safeguard-chatgpt/?akid=128123.7620788.panUx7&rd=1&source=fwd&t=10<span style="color: #161a1e; font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Indonesia’s Defence Policy</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">I read this sentence below, I realized that Indonesia's Defence focus on free and active foreign policy as a way to peace may have led to foreign abuse - </span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">I was shocked by Biden's body language this week, where he looked down at his knees the whole time he was deliberately lying about how the secuirty he promised for our marine resources actually meant that he planned to seize them, basically.</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">"In the context of international relations, Indonesia has been prioritized free and active foreign policy, and is guided by the principle of peace and a passion for independence and sovereignty." </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Treaty on prohibition of nuclear weapons Images: </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Images: 1) Living Sentinel and Living Pharmacy</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">2) Atomic Agency Relationship with the WHO and 3) Arkus relationship with Indonesia.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.kemhan.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2015-INDONESIA-DEFENCE-WHITE-PAPER-ENGLISH-VERSION.pdf">https://www.kemhan.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/2015-INDONESIA-DEFENCE-WHITE-PAPER-ENGLISH-VERSION.pdf</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Treaty on prohibition of nuclear weapons </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Nuclear in Health Supply Chain</span><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; text-decoration: underline;"> </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/legal/Documents/National-Strategy-for-Resilient-Public-Health-Supply-Chain.pdf">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/legal/Documents/National-Strategy-for-Resilient-Public-Health-Supply-Chain.pdf</a></span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-71336832537121445842024-01-05T08:17:00.000-08:002024-01-05T08:17:46.843-08:0022 days until 300 more amendments silently go through. Stop the madness.<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 22pt; font-weight: 700;">We are Heading into the Same Storm but</span></p><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 22pt; font-weight: 700;">We are not all in the Same Boat.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 22pt; font-weight: 700;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">Indonesia is one ‘member state’ of the United Nations. There are more than 190 other countries. Indonesian men and women have incomes equivalent to between 3,000 and 9,000 US dollars a year. Australians receive about $45,000. The US average is more like $75,000 and the average UK citizen earns the equivalent of $40,000. However, the majority of people in every country have very little at all. Like many in Indonesia, people everywhere are living in extreme poverty and only just surviving. Let’s consider these few countries though because we already share goals and partnerships, and soon - in April 2024 - we will share the same budget: A Pandemic Preparedness Fund. Readers might hope that this money has been collected to share out between people, to buy what they need, if there’s another lockdown, but this is not the plan. There is a big chance that the money has all been delegated for smart technologies.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">This means that the candidates competing for</span></p></div></div><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">a place in government face a heroic task of</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 2"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">constant research into new innovations. Most genetic engineering and artificial intelligence are completely beyond human understanding, assessment and control. Nonetheless, here in early 2024, cautious decisions must be made and experimental permits must be refused, when the proposed research is likely to cause more problems than it solves. One risk is that the introduction of many new technologies will degrade health when they interact, like chemicals that only become explosive or toxic when they are mixed.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">The President has done his best to protect Indonesia from falling into great debt by not being persuaded to mine the seabed for precious marine resources, in the past. This year, however, the Nation might be put under new pressure to do so. In the upcoming election debates, it will be a chance to hear what the government intends to do to resist these man-made threats; economic, biological, digital, electro magnetic and environmental. The continued pressure to accept massive releases of mosquitoes, must surely be on the agenda for the discussion. Also the question of whether a foreign agency</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 3"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">can really improve the Economy and quality of life for Indonesians. It would be unifying for the people to hear the vision that elected candidates have of what they would do, if Indonesia could get out from its alleged debt and keep control of the budget?</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">But there is no threat of a pandemic is there? What is so different about this year? Well, actually, it is not the government who will be in charge. It is the World Health Organization, one of the United Nations’ departments. They are based in Switzerland, where they have a system called “diplomatic immunity”. This means that, even if the World Health Organization recommends a vaccine that causes harm and even death, or the World Economic Forum requires Indonesia’s nuclear resources as repayment of a national debt and that causes economic and environmental collapse, no-one is accountable or financially liable. One light on the horizon is that there is the beginning of a movement calling for these influential global leaders to relinquish their diplomatic immunity so they can take responsibility for the outcomes of their decisions.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 4"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">Let us ask the election candidates to address this real life situation as a case study:<br />The lead scientist of the World Health Organization, Jeremy Farrar has just, in December 2023, forecast the next pandemic...”Prepare bird flu vaccines now before virus jumps to humans, top scientist warns”. But back in 2008 he had already designed a vaccine ”In the last few years, Farrar has focused on the pathophysiology and treatment of avian influenza. He is also exploring the cross-reactivity of memory T cell responses to influenza in hopes of creating a broadly protective vaccine for H5N1". He was also involved in the Gain of Function research that made the bird flu transmissible to mammals (and therefore humans) in 2015. The questions for debate are, can Indonesia’s Coordination Committee keep up with this high impact project and provide regulation? Can they even answer what is “pathophysiology”, or “the cross-reactivity T cell responses”, or a “broadly protective vaccine”? Or, instead, will ministers allow an unelected group, the WHO, with longterm</span></p></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">financial vested interests and valuable</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 5"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">patents, dictate Indonesia’s financing of research, purchase and then mandating of experimental vaccines to all ages, even children, regardless of efficacy or safety? Should Indonesia even accept communications and surveillance equipment, that is protected by patents held in other countries? Who will have access to personal data collected and national defence information?</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">It has not reassured doctors investigating the WHO-approved mosquito releases that the same scientist conducted some of the first research into using GMO mosquitoes to address mosquito-born diseases, funded the genetically modified mosquitoes of Oxitec and taught many of the World Mosquito Program team. Many of you will be following the large question mark over the continued mass release of Aedes Aegypti, even after soaring Dengue cases, spikes in the Culex species and associated Japanese Encephalitis cases, after previous releases.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">Hopefully parliamentarians are investigating</span></p></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">the exposure of the fact that foreign-owned</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 6"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">Internet Protocol Technology is in the Wolbachia bacteria, used to infect the mosquitoes, without any public explanation of what the Artificial Intelligence technology will be used for. Unfortunately we know they are not investigating the deployment of mosquito eggs, as their official email addresses remain unopened. In parallel, more than twenty countries have notified the World Health Organization that they are withdrawing from the Pandemic Treaty and thousands of notices have been sent to the WHO from groups of lawyers, doctors, and individual men and women. These have been ignored as well. With no formal acknowledgement, publication or detailed consideration by Indonesia’s full Coordination Committee, decision-making power could pass to the WHO as soon as the 27th January, when the silent deadline for rejecting 300 further amendments to the International health Regulations goes past.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">All regulatory authorities must pay continual attention to national and international news and be ready to show daring and courage in</span></p></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">making decisions that will benefit the people.</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 7"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">At Gladiator Bangsa, we are very wary of reducing one recordable problem, for example Dengue, by causing an infinite number of others that are less easy to identify. Therefore our commitment to you is to write every day, to illuminate the nature of the science and the risks of the biobanks planned - full of blood and pathogen samples, which we fought hard not to share in the past.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">We will explore how the WHO, UN, Sustainability Goals department and WEF new legal instruments could impact the day to day life, bodily integrity, privacy, freedom and safety. For example how the use of nuclear power is ‘maximised’ by the UN and their intention to use armed nuclear submarines in the pandemic response supply chain. On the brighter side, we will also explain the power of our sovereignty as a nation and as men and women. By using the art of our inner intention, decision-making and vision it translates inter outer transformation. We hope to inspire independent thought and maybe even achieve personal and a sort of collective ‘mind control’ that can overcome the technological</span></p></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">and esoteric mind control that has been used</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="page" title="Page 8"><div class="section" style="background-color: white;"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">to dupe us.</span></p><p><span style="color: #222222; font-family: ArialMT; font-size: 22pt;">We have a moment of choice and we want to know the elected candidates realise what is at stake. If you also want any of these questions asked or answered, please feel free to write it as a comment on the petition.</span></p></div></div></div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-28048653261033573832023-12-23T00:03:00.000-08:002023-12-30T04:03:18.830-08:00Farrar's Present to himself: Mandating his patented vaccine to 196 Member States<p>The head scientist at the World Health Organization calls his first pandemic: </p><p><a href="Prepare bird flu vaccines now before virus jumps to humans, top scientist warns" target="_blank">Prepare bird flu vaccines now before virus jumps to humans, top scientist warns</a><br /></p><p>A potential pandemic pathogen he himself has been invested in since college.</p><h1 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2626674/" target="_blank">2008 "In the last few years, Farrar has focused on the pathophysiology and treatment of avian influenza. He is also exploring the cross-reactivity of memory T cell responses to influenza in hopes of creating a broadly protective vaccine for H5N1"</a></h1><div><br /></div><div>A bird flu with a Gain of Function making it transmissible to mammals and thus humans H5N1</div><p><a href="Gain of Function Research Full Report - Protect Nature Now" target="_blank">When I worked at Institute For Responsible Technology, the creation of H5N1 Bird Flu with its high fatality was a main argument for stopping Gain of Function Research</a></p><p>A gain of function of a disease with high fatality rate that could not have happened in nature and should not have happened in a laboratory through genetic engineering; inspired a moratorium on Gain of Function research and laboratories have not been able to contain - or have chosen not to. Forecasting a H5N1 pandemic is much more valuable for vaccine development.</p><p><a href="EXCLUSIVE: Controversial experiments that could make bird flu more risky poised to resume" target="_blank">2014 EXCLUSIVE: Controversial experiments that could make bird flu more risky poised to resume</a><br /></p><p>In the past, bird flu could only be transmitted by handling infected birds, but intensive turkey farmer Bernard Matthews got 6 million government compensation for slaughtering his stock, after arguing that he had not imported the disease himself from his Hungarian factory farm.</p><p><a href="https://bbj.hu/economy/environment/initiatives/bird-flu-deal-for-bernard-matthews-criticized40404" target="_blank">Compensation for killing healthy animals because of company's own non compliance had already started in 2007</a><br /></p><p>Absurd track-record of treating avian flu with mass mosquito releases. Treating whole countries with Gain of Function mosquitoes, arguing 3 million people 'treated' by a release, as if releasing a disease vector is a proven prevention strategy</p><p>Most seriously, prescribing 20 years of mosquitoes, starting May 2023, 164 drone drops a week in Maui to save 6 endangered bird species from avian flu. Maui Irrigation Services partnered with World Mosquito Program in release. We don't know if paid off like stakeholders in Denpasar to not monitor contamination of water or whether the mosquitoes were actively released into the waterways. Bali-based professor and head of Hawaii's Botanical Gardens is prepared to find out. Five months into the 20 year mosquito program, Maui is scorched.</p><p><a href="In effort to save native birds, millions of ‘incompatible’ mosquitoes to be released on Maui" target="_blank">In effort to save native birds, millions of ‘incompatible’ mosquitoes continue to be released on Maui</a><br /></p><p>Scorching is the only method to address biological contamination. Evidence is available that the SpaceX army was involved in the fires that decimated Maui.</p><p><a href="GMO White Paper Report - Protect Nature Now" target="_blank">Gene editing Microbes: The Technological, Scientific and Legislative Challenges</a><br /></p><p> Regulators use inadequate chemical- risk standards or make second generation GMOs exempt from regulation altogether. </p><p><a href="Legislative Report - Protect Nature Now" target="_blank">Legislative Report - Protect Nature Now</a> </p><p> but, of the trillions of microbes and their interactions in the microbiome, only a few thousand have been studied and gene edited microbes a re </p><p>BioBank of the new Treaty Risks and Real Intent</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_CR2mUA0vs" target="_blank">Byproduct by Urgent Rougherendum</a></p><p><br /></p><p>The WHO Treaty, IHR and UN breach the International Treaty on The Non Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction repeatedly. </p><p><br /></p><p>Anthony Ruggerio, in America was head of EPA, then head of Non-proliferation of Bioweapons and then head of the Counter Proliferation of Bioweapons, demonstrating how regulatory approvals and justifications have now come to allow massive research and factory facilities to house colonies of hundreds of millions of stabilized organisms, ready to deploy as eggs and drugs. </p><p><a href="https://www.fdd.org/analysis/2023/06/29/russias-biowarfare-lies-cant-go-unanswered/" target="_blank">Anthony Ruggerio reveals the weaponisation of Mosquitoes and West Nile virus while being paid to write articles to dispel misinformation</a><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.congress.gov/115/meeting/house/106780/witnesses/HHRG-115-FA18-Bio-RuggieroA-20180117.pdf" target="_blank">Isn't there a lot of inner conflict?</a> GM Mosquitoes were regulated by the Centre for Disease Control but then moved to EPA regulation when Anthony Ruggerio was head of EPA.</p><p><a href="https://allianceforscience.org/blog/2021/05/who-issues-new-guidelines-for-gm-mosquito-rd/" target="_blank">New WHO guidelines for Mosquito Gene Drives</a> <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.geneconvenevi.org/genetic-control-of-insect-pests-in-africa/" target="_blank">GeneConvene in Africa - mosquito bioweapon</a></p><p><a href="https://fnih.org/who-we-are/our-benefactors/" target="_blank">Federal National Institute for Health - Kenya and Bill and Melinda Gates</a></p><p><a href="https://www.gatesfoundation.org/ideas/articles/2023-gates-foundation-annual-letter" target="_blank">The Gates Foundation uses its influence in service</a> !<br /></p><p><a href="https://breakthroughenergy.org" target="_blank">Gates funding biotechnologies under Green Technology pretext</a></p><p>It may be easier to argue that even biotechnology that is researched for the benefit of world health carries incalculable counter-indications with other technologies and our microbiome. This means that all the technologies in agriculture, food, conservation, climate action, pharmaceuticals and communications have already triggered mass destruction in nature. </p><p>What to do: Address decisions on experimental permits that still fall under national authorities. eg </p><p><br /></p><p>Biotechnology that is researched for the benefit of world health carries incalculable counter-indications with other technologies and our microbiome. This means that all the technologies in agriculture, food, conservation, climate action, pharmacueticals and communications have already triggered mass destruction in nature. </p><div><a href="https://protectnaturenow.com/articles/hobbyists-and-school-teachers-could-thwart-success-of-build-back-better-act/" target="_blank">Regenerative (Organic) agriculture will help nature recover from the biotech destruction when we stop the UN</a></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="jb_0 X_6MGW N_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 16px;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div id="yiv2842101620" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><span style="outline: currentcolor;">facilitate a much better Coordination Committee Meeting, to formally invite Minister of health, Minister of Defense and Ambassador to the UN (and all the other Plenipotentiary and Extraordinary Ambassadors (who can act independently of the State - and therefore the Bapenas) and ask them to explain the WHO Treaty and the UN COP28 (link below: surveillance and climate action going through).</span></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><span style="outline: currentcolor;">I have no idea what this conversation above means but I just noticed that in my screenshot I sent you on whats app, it had above it that Arkus members must maintain warm ties with Indonesia regardless of who wins the Presidential election!</span></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><a class="yiv2842101620" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUKUS" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUKUS</a> - partnership between UK, US to help Australia get nuclear submarines. Called a stab in the back by France but settled with 555million dollars for misleading them. Called a 'Cold War Mentality' by China who said it was an arming of the Indo-Pacific because China was becoming a super power -The French ambassador was brought back to France and was Indonesia's moved to New York and involved in discussions? He could definitely explain what is happening there.<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">Who has committed Indonesia to a treaty that will mean it is forced to exploit its resources at its own expense to provide fuel and weapons for Australia's nuclear submarines - that sail 365 a year regardless of war or peace as its too dangerous to turn them on or off. They want Indonesia's resources and force their extraction on climate action grounds. Hence all the military involvement but token characters, not the senior officials who actually care or understand biosafety and protecting Indonesia from misuse.</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">I know Indonesia felt the treaty was important back in 2021 but that was before it had justified the longest hardest lockdowns for the Indonesian people, with no provision whatsoever made for their survival.</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;">This is the plan that biden made with the president: The Semi-conductor eco system!</div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp1d09c85yahoo-style-wrap" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://id.usembassy.gov/fact-sheet-president-joseph-r-biden-and-president-joko-widodo-announce-the-u-s-indonesia-comprehensive-strategic-partnership/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://id.usembassy.gov/fact-sheet-president-joseph-r-biden-and-president-joko-widodo-announce-the-u-s-indonesia-comprehensive-strategic-partnership/</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">This is the mining that I believe Biden wants to help Indonesia with: </div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/deep_sea_mining_norway_lec/?blSGXab&v=152819&cl=20989821612&_checksum=b2c0223f58b57533a516514dcb08003401c1d68bca32c9a89839993977fb2ca8" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/deep_sea_mining_norway_lec/?blSGXab&v=152819&cl=20989821612&_checksum=b2c0223f58b57533a516514dcb08003401c1d68bca32c9a89839993977fb2ca8</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">This is the WHO's own review of the financing of the Treaty and UN CLimate action being finalized at COP28 this week. All of which your planning minister would like to know about I'm sure!!</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a class="yiv2842101620" href="https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yahoo_quoted" id="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yahoo_quoted_2101927198" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="color: #26282a; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div id="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yiv0183313466" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div class="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yiv0183313466ydpc17b698cyahoo-style-wrap" style="font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor;"><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">I was looking at the United Nations who are based in New York and found this ambassador for Indonesia who is in charge of the seabed authority.</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div dir="ltr" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: currentcolor;">Indonesia's permanent ambassador to the UN is on the Rulers List.</div><div dir="ltr" style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://rulers.org/indexn1.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://rulers.org/indexn1.html</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"> <a class="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yiv0183313466 yiv2842101620ydp3174a21fenhancr_card_2338420291" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_permanent_representatives_to_the_United_Nations" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</a></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-link-enhancr-card yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-link-enhancr-not-allow-cover yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bymail-preserve-class yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bymail-preserve-style" data-size="MEDIUM" data-type="YENHANCER" data-url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_permanent_representatives_to_the_United_Nations" id="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0benhancr_card_2338420291" style="font-family: "YahooSans VF", YahooSans, "Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative;"><a class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-enhancr-cardlink yiv2842101620enhancr_card_2702469774" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_permanent_representatives_to_the_United_Nations" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: black; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bcard-wrapper yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-ignore-table" style="max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;" width="400"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bcard yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-ignore-table" style="border-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-radius: 2px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bcard-info yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0byahoo-ignore-table" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-radius: 0px 0px 2px 2px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative; width: 398px; z-index: 2;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 16px 0px 16px 12px; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal;"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 12px 24px 16px 12px; vertical-align: middle; width: 350px; word-break: normal;"><h2 class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bcard-title" style="color: #1d2228; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 0px 6px; max-width: 314px; outline: currentcolor;">List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</h2><p class="yiv2842101620ydp6916fc0bcard-description" style="color: #979ea8; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor;">This is a list of the current permanent representatives to the United Nations at United Nations Headquarters, Ne...</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></a><div class="card-controls-injection-wrapper" style="height: 0px; outline: currentcolor; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 400px; z-index: 3;"><div class="p_a T_6Fd5 R_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 16px;"><div class="I_ak5mD e_dRA j_2kgqsw P_wpoVE" style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9); border-radius: 2px; box-shadow: rgb(224, 228, 233) 0px 1px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 2px 0px; z-index: 3;"><span style="outline: currentcolor;"><div class="P_Z1otACY H_6Fd5 W_6Fd5" data-test-id="shareButtonAnchor" style="height: 16px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 5px 7px; width: 16px;" tabindex="-1"><button class="c27KHO0_n b_0 M_0 i_0 I_T y_jyw3a A_6EqO c1AVi73_6FsP r_P C_q cvhIH6_T P_0" data-test-id="icon-btn-share_social" style="appearance: none; 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max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative;"><a class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392yahoo-enhancr-cardlink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_current_permanent_representatives_to_the_United_Nations" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: black; outline: currentcolor; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392card-wrapper yiv2842101620ydp111cb392yahoo-ignore-table" style="max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;" width="400"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392card yiv2842101620ydp111cb392yahoo-ignore-table" style="border-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-radius: 2px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392card-info yiv2842101620ydp111cb392yahoo-ignore-table" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-radius: 0px 0px 2px 2px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative; width: 398px; z-index: 2;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 16px 0px 16px 12px; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal;"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 12px 24px 16px 12px; vertical-align: middle; width: 350px; word-break: normal;"><h2 class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392card-title" style="color: #1d2228; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 0px 6px; max-width: 314px; outline: currentcolor;">List of current permanent representatives to the United Nations - Wikipedia</h2><p class="yiv2842101620ydp111cb392card-description" style="color: #979ea8; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor;">This is a list of the current permanent representatives to the United Nations at United Nations Headquarters, Ne...</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></a><div class="card-controls-injection-wrapper" style="height: 0px; outline: currentcolor; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 400px; z-index: 3;"><div class="p_a T_6Fd5 R_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 16px;"><div class="I_ak5mD e_dRA j_2kgqsw P_wpoVE" style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9); border-radius: 2px; box-shadow: rgb(224, 228, 233) 0px 1px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 2px 0px; z-index: 3;"><span style="outline: currentcolor;"><div class="P_Z1otACY H_6Fd5 W_6Fd5" data-test-id="shareButtonAnchor" style="height: 16px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 5px 7px; width: 16px;" tabindex="-1"><button class="c27KHO0_n b_0 M_0 i_0 I_T y_jyw3a A_6EqO c1AVi73_6FsP r_P C_q cvhIH6_T P_0" data-test-id="icon-btn-share_social" style="appearance: none; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9); border-color: currentcolor; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: "YahooSans VF", YahooSans, "Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 0px;" tabindex="-1" title="Share" type="button"><span class="D_F ab_C gl_C W_6D6F" style="align-items: center; display: flex; justify-content: center; outline: currentcolor; width: 16px;"><svg class="D_X W_6Fd5 H_6Fd5 cdPFi_Z281SGl cZW7ROP_n en_0 cvhIH6_T" viewbox="0 0 20 20"><path d="M13.2 12.1c-.6 0-1.2.2-1.7.6l-2.3-1.6c.1-.3.2-.7.2-1.1s-.1-.7-.2-1.1l2.3-1.6c.5.3 1.1.6 1.7.6 1.6 0 2.9-1.3 2.9-2.9s-1.3-3-2.9-3-2.9 1.3-2.9 2.9c0 .4.1.7.2 1.1L8.2 7.6c-.5-.3-1.1-.5-1.8-.5-1.6 0-2.9 1.3-2.9 2.9s1.3 2.9 2.9 2.9c.6 0 1.2-.2 1.7-.6l2.3 1.6c-.1.3-.2.7-.2 1.1 0 1.6 1.3 2.9 2.9 2.9S16 16.6 16 15s-1.2-2.9-2.8-2.9z"></path></svg></span></button></div></span></div></div></div></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">All the different UN bodies behind the initiatives</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/main-bodies" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.un.org/en/about-us/main-bodies</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">This may explain why biosurveillance, regulation and marine biotech are already in place for Indonesia. </div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">Is the geothermal a resource they might be after, I asked google:</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yiv0183313466ydpc17b698csignature" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/indonesia-behind-in-exploiting-its-geothermal-resources/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/indonesia-behind-in-exploiting-its-geothermal-resources/</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">World Mosquito Program: Cameron Simmons</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">13 years. in Oxford University and Vietnam on Mosquitoes - Wolbachia. Director of Global Implementation.</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/cameron-simmons" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/cameron-simmons</a> <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><span style="outline: currentcolor;">World Mosquito Program: Katie Anders epidemiologist and doctoral scholar at the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam - WMP Director Impact Assessment</span><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/katie-anders" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.worldmosquitoprogram.org/en/work/about-us/team/katie-anders</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;">Scott O'Neill - genetic engineering work</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a class="yiv2842101620" href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DNv_re0AAAAJ&hl=en" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DNv_re0AAAAJ&hl=en</a> - <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a class="yiv2842101620enhancr_card_2529610157" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-3615" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">ORCID</a></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfyahoo-link-enhancr-card yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfyahoo-link-enhancr-not-allow-cover yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfymail-preserve-class yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfymail-preserve-style" data-size="MEDIUM" data-type="YENHANCER" data-url="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-3615" id="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfenhancr_card_2529610157" style="font-family: "YahooSans VF", YahooSans, "Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfcard-wrapper yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfyahoo-ignore-table" style="max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;" width="400"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfcard yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfyahoo-ignore-table" style="border-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-radius: 2px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfcard-info yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfyahoo-ignore-table" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-radius: 0px 0px 2px 2px; border-top-color: rgb(224, 228, 233); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; max-width: 400px; outline: currentcolor; position: relative; width: 398px; z-index: 2;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 16px 0px 16px 12px; vertical-align: top; word-break: normal;"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px 0px 2px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 12px 24px 16px 12px; vertical-align: middle; width: 350px; word-break: normal;"><h2 class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfcard-title" style="color: #1d2228; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 0px 6px; max-width: 314px; outline: currentcolor;">ORCID</h2><p class="yiv2842101620ydp3e9f39dfcard-description" style="color: #979ea8; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor;"></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="yiv2842101620loadingSpinnerContainer" style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); display: flex; min-height: 100%; outline: currentcolor; width: 400px;"><div class="yiv2842101620D_F yiv2842101620F_n yiv2842101620gl_C yiv2842101620ab_C yiv2842101620H_6MGW yiv2842101620o_h" style="outline: currentcolor;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">Sir Jeremy Farrar - head scientist at the WHO</span><a class="yiv2842101620ydpb3d621b7yiv0183313466" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Farrar" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #196ad4; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Farrar</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="jb_0 X_6MGW N_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 16px;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div dir="ltr" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;">Wellcome Trust Annual Report </div><div dir="ltr" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://cms.wellcome.org/sites/default/files/2023-01/Wellcome-Trust-Annual-Report-and-Financial-Statements-2022.pdf" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://cms.wellcome.org/sites/default/files/2023-01/Wellcome-Trust-Annual-Report-and-Financial-Statements-2022.pdf</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div dir="ltr" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;">Article showing how military have shown enthusiasm for policing health.</div><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673618328381?fr=RR-2&ref=pdf_download&rr=83223e8ffee62db8" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #196ad4; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;" target="_blank">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673618328381?fr=RR-2&ref=pdf_download&rr=83223e8ffee62db8</a><div class="qtd-body" style="border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 8px;"><div class="yiv2842101620yqt3828007931" id="yiv2842101620yqtfd12585" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;"> <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div class="yiv2842101620yqt3828007931" id="yiv2842101620yqtfd12585" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor;">sustainable development goals un permanent ambassador</div><div class="yiv2842101620yqt3828007931" id="yiv2842101620yqtfd12585" style="outline: currentcolor;"><span style="color: #1d2228; font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40);">H.E. Mr. Mohammad Koba</span></span></div><div class="yiv2842101620yqt3828007931" id="yiv2842101620yqtfd12585" style="outline: currentcolor;"><a href="https://sdgs.un.org/panelists/he-mr-mohammad-koba-32966" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">https://sdgs.un.org/panelists/he-mr-mohammad-koba-32966</a></div></div></div><div class="qtd-body" style="border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 8px;"><div class="yiv2842101620yqt3828007931" id="yiv2842101620yqtfd94841" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div dir="ltr" style="outline: currentcolor;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;">The 12 Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary who were inaugurated by the President are, as follows:</p><ol style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;"><li>Dindin Wahyudin, Indonesian Ambassador to the Republic of Senegal, with concurrent accreditation to the Republic of Cabo Verde, Republic of the Gambia, Republic of Guinea, Republic of Guinea-Bissau, Republic of Mali, Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, and Republic of Sierra Leone, residing in Dakar;</li><li>Roem Kono, Indonesian Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina, residing in Sarajevo;</li><li>Dewi Savitri Wahab, Indonesian Ambassador to the Kingdom of Denmark, with concurrent accreditation to the Republic of Lithuania, residing in Copenhagen;</li><li>Nana Yuliana, Indonesian Ambassador to the Republic of Cuba, with concurrent accreditation to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Republic of Haiti, and Jamaica, residing in Havana;</li><li>Heri Akhmadi, Indonesian Ambassador to Japan, with concurrent accreditation to the Federated States of Micronesia, residing in Tokyo;</li><li>Elmar Iwan Lubis, Indonesian Ambassador to the Republic of Iraq, residing in Baghdad;</li><li>Iwan Bogananta, Indonesian Ambassador to the Republic of Bulgaria, with concurrent accreditation to the Republic of Albania and Republic of North Macedonia, residing in Sofia;</li><li>Jose Antonio Morato Tavares, Indonesian Ambassador to the Russian Federation, with concurrent accreditation to the Republic of Belarus, residing in Moscow;</li><li>Desra Percaya, Indonesian Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, with concurrent accreditation to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), residing in London;</li><li>Chalief Akbar Tjandraningrat, Indonesian Ambassador to the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, residing in Alger;</li><li>Lutfi Rauf, Indonesian Ambassador to the Arab Republic of Egypt, residing in Cairo;</li><li>Rachmat Budiman, Indonesian Ambassador to the Kingdom of Thailand, with concurrent accreditation to UN-ESCAP, residing in Bangkok.</li></ol><p style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;"></p><br style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;" /><br style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px;">Read more: </span><a href="https://setkab.go.id/en/president-jokowi-inaugurates-12-indonesian-ambassadors-extraordinary-and-plenipotentiary/" style="font-family: gilroyff, helvetica, arial, helvetica, arial; font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none;">https://setkab.go.id/en/president-jokowi-inaugurates-12-indonesian-ambassadors-extraordinary-and-plenipotentiary/</a></div><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Plenipotentiary: a person, especially a diplomat, </span><span class="AraNOb" style="caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-decoration-color: currentcolor; text-decoration-style: solid; text-decoration: underline;"><a class="rMNQNe" data-ved="2ahUKEwiPy7j-3q-DAxWDXEEAHbUtD08QyecJegQIJxAK" href="https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&sca_esv=593982088&rls=en&sxsrf=AM9HkKl7RpTOnPIDIlTNCWQAWeZ_aLx-bA:1703684405607&q=invested&si=ALGXSlaYxyllm14_NEvUA9w95SVcKbRLZjZzXBWOeBpm7Dhf9wM53ncwN5AP0UInpLVCdZBXE8GSwoq5h-zmlhP4d09b4QDWdwTkTbFkQ8hLQwmrF9-F738%3D&expnd=1" style="outline: 0px; text-decoration: none;" tabindex="0">invested</a></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> with the full power of independent action on behalf of their government, typically in a foreign country.</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Sustainable Ocean Alliance</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(32, 33, 36); color: #202124; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Indonesia Ocean Justice initiative</span></p><p><a href="https://setkab.go.id/en/president-jokowi-inaugurates-17-new-ambassadors/">https://setkab.go.id/en/president-jokowi-inaugurates-17-new-ambassadors/</a></p><h1 style="text-align: left;">Questions to ask Diplomats:</h1><p><br /></p><p>Please elaborate on the implications of the </p><p>International Health Regulations, </p><p>WHO Pandemic Accord, </p><p>Agreement with President Biden, </p><p>The Arkus Partnership and the </p><p>United Nations embracing of nuclear as infrastructure for moving PPE around, and the </p><p>Sustainability Goals in relation to the </p><p>Sovereignty of the State</p><p>https://oceanjusticeinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Indonesia-and-Deep-Seabed-Mining.pdf</p><p> "the initial work of the International Seabed Authority (ISA) in 1995.1 Mr. Hasjim Djalal, a prominent legal scholar from Indonesia was elected as the first President of the ISA. It was a proud moment for the country after the lengthy de- liberation of UNCLOS where Indonesia together with Fiji and the Philippines strived for the incorpo- ration of “archipelagic state” to the convention which was finally concluded on 1982.</p><p>From 1995 forward, Indonesia has been gradually disappearing from the leadership seat of international organizations and the development of international law, including but not limited to the deep seabed mining in the Area. Mr. Damos argued that this phenomenon was due to major political reform back in 1998 that dealt with domestic issues rather than international issues. Mr. Damos further argued that the “ignorant attitude” of the country, that is unfortunately apparent until present time, is founded upon a notion that international law is a thing that is “hardly present in the daily lives of the general public,” and the “teaching of international law is still basic and far from the levels attained in developed countries.” - </p><p><br /></p><p>Here we are at the beginning of 2024, only four months away from the most significant changes in international law to ever come in en masse and Bappenas really need to hear from the Indonesian experts who have ushered these in and understand the ramifications and get the Coordination Department and other deision-making bodies up to speed with their new roles and responsibilities.</p><p><br /></p><p>"Merely being compliant to the ratified international treaties is not enough. With the current state of development and challenges it faces, Indonesia must push itself to be a participant that is worth to be heard in the development of international law. This is surely a challenging task and according to Mr. Pandjaitan, Mr. Trenggono and Mr. Nurbintoro regeneration of international legal scholar in Indonesia shall be the first step to move forward."</p><p>Mining of living and non living resources of the seabed on Indonesia's continental shelf where sovereignty applies and </p><p>Mining the area called the "Area" beyong national jurisdiction where "collective efforts" may be required to exploit the non living resources. Were agreements made at COP28 in terms of a commitment by Indonesia to financing these mining activities with public money and or the pandemic fund and or in partnership with to respond to climate action and health emergencies? What percentage of resources would be used within Indonesia (for example nickle for EV batteries for independent clean energy for indonesian communities and what percentage of financing or gifting of the resources? </p><p><br /></p><p>If any are used for the fuelling or arming of the Nuclear submarines to be gifted to Australia by the US and Uk, as part of the Arkus Partnership, can Indonesia Bapenas say no on account of risks to the environment grounds, unresolvable nuclear waste-grounds , excessive costs grounds, Incongruence use of international resources when the Trident replacement for the UK cost the equivalent of running an upgraded National Health Service for 45 years. </p><p><br /></p><p>"In terms of deep seabed mineral mining within and beyond national jurisdiction, until present time, Indonesia is absent. While many suggest that this is due to the lack of capacity, Karim and Yudha argued that such absence is due to a conscious decision made by government elites to avoid ex- cessive political cost, drop in public support and decreasing trust towards the figure of Mr. Joko Widodo.9 According to Karim and Yudha, Indonesian government is consciously avoiding the exe- cution of deep seabed mining project because a single project requires at least IDR 175 Trillion (equal to USD 12.1 billion).10 With the increase of government’s debt, pursuing deep seabed mining project will hurt Joko Widodo’s political reputation.11 From Karim and Yudha’s perspective, financial constraints outweigh the administration’s written political desire to work on deep seabed mining as reflected in President’s “Global Maritime Fulcrum” jargon, the Law Number 32 Year 2014 on Ocean Affairs, the Presidential Regulation Number 16 Year 2017 on National Ocean Policy and the Presi- dential Regulation Number 34 Year 2022 on National Ocean Policy Plan of Action 2021 - 2025."</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>How do they balance the benefit to Local in international communities: the income of average 3000 dollars per year for Indonesians and average 43,000 for Australians? </p><p><br /></p><p>Where will the nuclear submarines be allowed to sail?</p><p>Will the Indonesian government be informed as to where it will be and might it enter indonesian waters and on what grounds? </p><p> Will it be 365 days a year, like the the UK's Trident? </p><p><br /></p><p>How does the treaty justify the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction?</p><p>How is the use of nuclear power used as green energy?</p><p><br /></p><p>Please explain the sensor technology?</p><p>Please explain the expansion of this market in Indonesia?</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-44776918158765182902023-12-10T03:06:00.000-08:002023-12-10T03:06:57.422-08:00Mosquitoes as Bioweapons - the specific threats<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /> <p></p><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRpVtbdnwAN0PgM0YRyyvHO-0OWglX-_82_th4DgP3_pxHHurWYTN4G7-bHskPb30BjCygER6i2wdGQHCXU3Ph6dLB9foqCknmGkV3dEbfbr4V5aXd0ZjYAImoz_h5nbC0dIYZkTcvvWVqPi6GuBhsKIKSpTeomam8-zMsWfSnMEKgKNQxYZgqeh79cF0/s2502/WMP%20Public%20Acceptance%20Model%20Bollocks.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1031" data-original-width="2502" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRpVtbdnwAN0PgM0YRyyvHO-0OWglX-_82_th4DgP3_pxHHurWYTN4G7-bHskPb30BjCygER6i2wdGQHCXU3Ph6dLB9foqCknmGkV3dEbfbr4V5aXd0ZjYAImoz_h5nbC0dIYZkTcvvWVqPi6GuBhsKIKSpTeomam8-zMsWfSnMEKgKNQxYZgqeh79cF0/w400-h165/WMP%20Public%20Acceptance%20Model%20Bollocks.jpeg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">World Mosquito Program says it won't release mosquitoes unless there's an over 90% acceptance level. How do they do this? By spreading 40 million amongst stakeholders and not telling anyone else.</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px;"><br /></span></p><p><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px;">Mosquitoes as Bioweapons Update for Ministers’ meeting in Denpasar 6.11.2023</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">The Escape of 3 female Wolbachia Mosquitoes in Singapore was considered dangerous enough to abandon the project altogether and radiate the females.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">In Bali at least half of the breeding program mosquito eggs will be breeding biting females. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">I was reading about your great strategy of Hankamrata, for total people defense. It is very different from other countries. Thank you in advance for using your power to veto this attack on the people of Bali. Even on a biological level, we are below mosquitoes in the food chain.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Why will WMP not answer questions on safety and efficacy?</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Thank you as well for looking into why Bali has been put under pressure to accept such an invasive species, without 1) any regulation, or 2) disclosure of the IP Technology, 3) denial of the genetic engineering involved, and 4) without the majority of the government even knowing about it, let alone being engaged in the planning process. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">National-scale Health Crime</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Why would anyone weaponize health? To give an example of a national-scale health crime, all Irish women are offered free cervical smear tests to check for early signs of cancer. Those cell samples were collected and sent to laboratories but not one sample was tested. The public only found out because so many women either died or had very advanced cancer because they were not diagnosed in time. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Harvesting Blood</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Blood, cervical cells in particular as they are so fertile but also cells from the PCR tests inserted so close to the brain/blood barrier up the nose, all share data on our once-unique DNA, and without our consent. This is the biggest business in the world right now. What is the source and who is the supplier of the blood to breed the 200 million eggs WMP Denpasar have ready?</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">FOI - What can the IP Technology do?</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">I am hoping you will use Freedom Of Information requests to find out if the 200 million Wolbachia IP Technology Mosquitoes will be able to transmit detailed information on our DNA and composition of our blood, even if the mosquitoes are killed after they bite? Microbes never die that is why we have to be so careful about disposing of the eggs produced here already and closing down the Denpasar factory. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Free Service in exchange for data</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The mosquitoes may be offered to us free but, just like Whats App, the collection of data, using an apparently free service, gives the company offering the free service a very valuable return on their investment (like the charitable gift of education and research to Monash University but then putting in the IP Technology for their own data purposes.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">WHO Treaty</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Men and women in Bali mainly take responsibility for their own health and they used to have a right to bodily integrity and to make their own choices as to treatments.In the Covid 19 years we all learnt to accept unhealthy and badly-thought through public health strategies and treatments. Imagine when governments agree to the World Health Organization's Pandemic Global Treaty, in April 2024, Bali and Indonesia as a whole will not have a choice. The WHO may even ban traditional medicine, ceremonies and offerings. Indeed, ahead of the mosquito release, there has been a ban put in place of the one detergent that is known to kill the eggs. It is disarming to forbid the one effective substance available. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">The bigger plan for Denpasar is much more strategic but not in the interests of Indonesia. There was research into turning Denpasar into a Smart city going on at the same time but, at a different Indonesian University, and then the 5G technology in the city will control the smart systems. Consider what has to happen to a city if you want to replace it altogether? </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Everything can be traced back to funding by Bill Gates, Regulatory Approval by the WHO and patented protection from any liability, by the military on biosafety grounds. Allowing this to continue means that Health, Conservation, Climate Action, Agriculture and soon all of nature will have been weaponized.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Two major impositions of new technology</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">This release is an attack on national and personal freedom and dignity. But it is still only a strategic cover up for other weapons, already burdening public health. Even 15 minutes exposure to the first wifi, 30 years ago, generated an adrenalin stress response for 10 days <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHZWBnSRUjU"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHZWBnSRUjU</span></a></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">. This documentary shows how 100% of people are reacting to wifi with some level of adrenalin response and electrical sensitivity. Consider the harm that has been already been done and the level of stress on public health by rolling out 5G without any critical research or control group. When we raised concerns, the only answer we got was 'The WHO says it's safe". </span></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Unfair choices</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Vector or vaccine or GE toxic fogging to which the Aedes Aegypti has already developed resistance </span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">It has to be considered if there is any planned interaction with 5G possible through the artiificial intelligence in the mosquitoes. Also last month Bali had the AIS Technology conference where there was a lot of Security but the Security services should have been inside to hear the biotech products </span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">and trade deals that were decided in there. All very dangerous. In the terms of public education, pharmaceutical industry story is developed: If you won't take the mosquitoes, you'll have to take a vaccine. If you won't take a vaccine, you’ll have to take the new engineered pyrethroid fogging in your home. If you don't take the fogging, you'll have to accept the curfews - and the news already is to stay indoors at certain biting times of day. And if you won't accept the curfew, you'll be noticed and contacted at once by the smart tracking in your city and detained, on the pretext of protecting your neighbour or public health. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">I hope I am wrong but these are patterns that are very established, like in the classical civilisation stories of the Trojan Horse when what appears to be a gift of a huge wooden horse turns out to be full of enemy soldiers. We have to remember that there are several wars going on but America is the most dominating, with its covert biological operations being welcomed in every country as charitable and good for our health. The US military has already used Dengue as a bioweapon and gene drives are mainly funded by the military as bioweapons - offensive and defensive. . The mosquito release is a gene drive because every mosquito is infected with Wolbachia, over-riding the natural laws of inheritance when only half the genes should be passed down from each parent. WMP deny it is a gene drive.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Gain of function makes an organism a bioweapon - 1) adding a bacteria to a species of mosquito that does not carry it in nature 2) The bacteria will innoculate the mosquito to reduce the infections mosquitoes get of other bacteria and viruses: Innoculating always drives more deadly or virile variants of the pathogens, eventually, to compete and survive. Before the mass releases of mosquitoes in Brazil, Zika was a mild illness. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Movement of Mosquito Eggs A Risk</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Mosquito eggs are a bioweapon, as the WMP must know that all the diseases that a female has are passed down, and found in the eggs at birth. WMP are planing factories in countries with different diseases to Bali. So they will be importing those diseases. The eggs are viable for 12 months just waiting to be rehydrated and so are convenient for deployment. Totally the opposite, the WHO are saying mosquitoes are migrating because of climate change. Mosquitoes don't migrate, Aedes Aegypti fly a few hundred metres maximum. You are having to deal with layer upon layer of marketing, coercion and manufactured consent. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Historical Moment of Choice</span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">I am so grateful of your openness to really explore all the stakeholders in this project, and still prioritize the people and Bali's nature and sanctity. I see your meeting, and this decision as humanity's last chance to stop this hidden war. It has to be before the WHO Amendments. They will then make their own decisions legally binding. Then they can decide what technology they will deploy and when, without explanation or independent testing or giving any notice. </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">No funding for critical research </span></p>
<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-kerning: none;">There is a systemic problem tha</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">t it has always been very difficult to find critical research into bio-safety, risks and mistakes because it isn’t funded by the industry doing the research. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Then governments, instead of formulating adequate regulations, have just let biotech bypass regulation altogether. Please let yours be the meeting of a serious and responsible government that exercises the Cautionary principle and 1) stops the release, 2) carefully disposes of the eggs and 3) forbids any other biotech entry to Bali - like the marine technology and the vaccine factory. </span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Compensation If Needed For Bali</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">Later, Indonesia may be able claim compensation from the WHO and Microsoft on a number of valid grounds. It could fund real infrastructure improvements and worthwhile critical research that honours nature and human nature, in Indonesian Universities.</span></p>
<p style="background-color: white; color: #161a1e; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-86980640935032628702023-12-06T04:33:00.000-08:002023-12-06T04:33:49.959-08:00WHO's Thin Veneer of Health Strategy Turns To Beat Into Submission<p>This is most recent but actually the day we won the postponement, an Indonesian Hospital in Palestine was bombed. There are no coincidences in this life. Countries have to stick together and recognise en masse what the UN and WHO intend and how they behave when they're asked even some basic house-keeping questions. </p><p>Do not <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health" target="_blank">COP28 Conference of the Partiies - Look At What They're Calling Health and How We Will Be Financing This Totalitarian Nightmare</a> - This is the link to who is there and what they're planning from the horse's mouth.</p><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535body" style="background-color: #d1f7ff; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/b/c/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><br /></a><center lang="en" style="caret-color: rgb(38, 40, 42); color: #26282a; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-SVCXgo" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#249BB3" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #249bb3; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 30px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 580px; min-height: 999px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 493.0625px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: bottom;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; line-height: 39px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px 20px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Please help stop the WHO’s Violent Retaliation In Their War Against Humanity</strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></strong><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></strong></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 32px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">Stand together or be taken out by the silent killers of the World Health Organization's Design</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 15px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 27.200001px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">The Health Minister should have answered questions of Criminal Ministerial Responsibility in Parliament, last Thursday. It would have brought Indonesia's whole acceptance of the WHO's regulatory approvals, let alone international mandates into doubt.</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Now we need international intervention to even stop the mosquitoes</strong></span><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />The research into Wolbachia Mosquitoes as a Health Strategy was already a scandal - A gene drive of a disease vector with a gain of function, undisclosed inclusion of IP Technology, and the absence of credible risk analysis. <a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/77ab52e6936158d377cb7c8d31048872" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #80eaff; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/mosquito-safety-and-efficacy-trials.html<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Indonesia's Minister of Health has violated the law by allowing a high impact experimental project without agreement by Indonesia's Coordination Committee. He should help Indonesia's authorities understand the money that changed hands and help to explain military engagement with the WHO. <a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/0b097a901cb1d459e6e3b37265ae3898" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #80eaff; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/analysis-of-who-and-military-relations.html</a></span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Instead of answering difficult questions, <a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/8b4002e47b011496a2827c357b7459a3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #80eaff; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/due-diligence-qus-nations-must-unite-to.html</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></span><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">Scott O'Neill, patent holder of the Wolbachia Technology and founder of World Mosquito Program, joined the health minister (despite the criminal investigation into the World Mosquito Program filed in Bali).</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-LXLDM5" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFFD1" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #ffffd1; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 580px; min-height: 282px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 493.0625px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 5px 0px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(36, 59, 179); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><h3 style="margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important;">In a scandalous turn around, the parliament threw its support behind the WMP, despite vehement protests from the pulbic where more than 60,000 had signed a petition asking for a postponement of the release:</h3><h3 style="margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/3032e18a4027c0b102d2e53ca6625610" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/mosquito-due-diligence-petition-that.html</a></h3><h3 style="margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></h3><h3 style="margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important;">And the Governor's explicit statement to halt the mosquito release plan in Bali.</h3><h3 style="margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/b61ac8aad97b7d8e5dc2619f2482baed" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/balis-governor-president-at-first.html</a></h3></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 5px 0px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(36, 59, 179); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-URDERq" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#249BB3" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #249bb3; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 30px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 580px; min-height: 788px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 493.0625px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: bottom;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 27.200001px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">In what can only be called a frightening act of retaliation, the Health Minister is resuming releases, even making Bali a new headquarters for the World Mosquito Program and now introducing children's vaccines. <a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/47e54bb1e397a9e95b8cf907bd77d680" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #80eaff; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/12/who-retaliation-childrens-vaccine-for.html</a></span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />There is already evidence of releases without any permission, releases on armed forces, and mass drops of adult mosquitoes on festivals.<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">Two days ago I served notice on the Director General of the WHO, demanding the WHO's scientists support their pandemic preparedness and emergency response treaty with a solid foundation in science.</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Now I do not believe they intend to. The WHO hope that the treaty comes in using their silent process, where nations that fail to actively withdraw, will find their government’s own policies fully entangled in a web of self-destruction.</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />What are your health ministers doing in your country? To your people? </span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">This is the only moment of choice Member States have and Indonesia already needs support. </span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;">Please communicate between Defence Departments. Ask them to make the statement that when one country is endangered by the WHO's biotechnologies, they put all Member States at risk.</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 30px 0px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-A7TVQs" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1FFE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1ffe8; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 580px; min-height: 1906px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 493.0625px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 30px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(36, 59, 179); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial; font-size: 26px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 41.599998px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 20px 10px 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Can Nations unite to STOP The WHO</p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 25.200001px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 10px 20px; text-align: justify; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">I appeal to the Defence Departments in all WHHO member states to find unity, while our countries face the same biosecurity threat: The World Health Organization.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Eleven countries withdrew from the WHO Treaty in September. </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Several more have rejected the International Health Regulations in the last week, coming up to the WHO's silence 1st December deadline.<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">We need these brave nations to share as many of their reports as possible, detailing their reasons for walking away from the major Pandemic Fund payments.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How did scientists convince their governments at last that gene edited organisms are NOT substantially equivalent to organisms that have evolved over 300 billion years?<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Did they see through the science, and realize that even biotechnology that is "researched for the benefit of world health" carries incalculable counter-indications, with other technologies and our microbiome?</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Did they raise the alarm that even the interaction between all the technologies in agriculture, food, conservation, climate action, pharmaceuticals and communications have already triggered mass destruction. </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Or did they find irrefutable evidence that the health measures that the World Health Organization propose are intended to harm?</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">This intention to cause harm is the scandal that we discovered in Bali. We asked about the risks of releasing 200 million male and female mosquito eggs here. We asked about the safety of a gene drive that carries one bacteria on purpose but transmits 11 new diseases; We asked why the mosquitoes will carry IP Technology; and why did the WHO use a Microsoft modeling program to do a risk assessment, instead of doing a proper one?</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Did they answer our questions? NO</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Do they intend to punish Indonesia? Yes </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">In a defiant act of retaliation, the World Mosquito Program plan to move their Head Quarters to Bali and resume their mosquito releases all over Asia, Mexico, Brazil and Africa.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">This is even though the health minister knows there is going to be a loss of life. Already a child dead from Japanese Encephalitis, never before seen here. And the following day? All children under 15 must take a vaccine. </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">The response is indicative of what will happen with every lockdown and protracted crisis the WHO have planned. They will offer vector or vaccine. An Impossible choice and, in reality, no choice at all. </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Like the MEP's court case challenging the legality and legitimacy of the WHO, many in Indonesia, from Bali and Jakarta, from holy Mangku to General are committed to refusing their dangerous technologies.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Please find a way to stand side by side with our General Komjen. Pol. Drs. Dharma Pongrekun, S.H. M.M., M.H., and so with Indonesia. Then we will stand with you and honour the spirit of your nations, and help your land and people recover.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Just today, another child vaccine, this time for Dengue, is being rolled out on Kalimantan - the new WHO-controlled Smart capital city of Indonesia and yet original land of Indonesia's most longstanding traditional medicine and... of course some gold, uranium and other precious resources. <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />The WHO start with strategic attack and inflict only tragedy.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Thank you,<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-SWydgD" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1FFE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1ffe8; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 20px 0px 5px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 190px; min-height: 45px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 190px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"> </p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 493.0625px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 380px; min-height: 45px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 380px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #3355ff; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22.4px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #f79646; outline: currentcolor !important;">Respectfully, Frances<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></span></strong></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #366092; outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">All rights reserved</strong><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-2fiukH" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1FFE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1ffe8; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 5px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 190px; min-height: 103px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 190px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"> </p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 493.0625px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 380px; min-height: 103px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 380px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 10px 20px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #366092; outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">On behalf of all living things </strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">with a heartbeat and the Gods </strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">do not want this either</strong></span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 40px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(36, 59, 179); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-NWHvmi" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFFD1" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #ffffd1; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 30px 0px 25px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 275px; min-height: 114px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 275px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: middle;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/e2ec35ae5b29b170be4b7f31578b2a8c" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="gif-c1-er0lkp-jro-mangku-gusti-jan-2023-12-02-142126" class="yiv9328652900yahoo-loading" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Fmedia%2F218653%2Fvideos%2Fgif-c1-er0lkp-jro-mangku-gusti-jan-2023-12-02-142126.gif&t=1701864466&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-660540011800&sig=M4b97H9VIBZw4TsU0kFK9Q--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; margin: auto; max-width: 275px !important; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 275px;" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 19.799999px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/a52159be7254377ddbfedd39f26dccf5" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">Jro Mangku Gusti Jana & Margaret Denmead</a></strong><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/ebad77e16c7cc86c78a2ba8ef1bfd754" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">Bali is the island of the Gods,</a></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/2297228a0535f2b3fafd25a6a60e3fd0" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">not a place to play God</a></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 493.0625px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; max-width: 275px; min-height: 114px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 275px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: middle;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/5422c69f5124b41dc5936f97257bbf0e" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="My Body Your Choice? W.H.O's" border="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Femail_images%2F218653%2Fimages%2Fall%2F01.jpg&t=1701864466&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-660540011800&sig=3Vj1wJqi2RrZnnrvtZ4U8A--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 173px;" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 24.700001px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="font-size: 18px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></strong></span><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/34ab2504c252199a2261f8aa4aa9b5d4" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">My body Your Choice?</strong></a></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/b5813c45fabcb1afd3b3dee0d6d579c1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">W.H.O'S?</a></strong></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/93dfb879de376586405a9dca96662174" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">Urgent Rougherendum</a></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-SnXIHO" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFFD1" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #ffffd1; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px 15px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 285px; min-height: 250px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 285px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/b8c147051fdbcae8b95a86bff82f54ad" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="Prof. Richard Claproth, Ph.D" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Fmedia%2F218653%2Fvideos%2Fgif-c1-er0lkp-bongkar-22-spiritua-2023-12-02-053649.gif&t=1701864466&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-660540011800&sig=A2qNvTp4FW6jahbasp6aew--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; margin: auto; max-width: 230.85px !important; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 230.84375px;" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 19.799999px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 10px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/edf14e16f7fd0fb99b248547046f1423" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">Prof. Richard Claproth, Ph.D</a></strong></strong></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 27px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px 0px 25px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M5WjeA2WVs_K07WG/b3116c76d99a62a9ef0480f812abe3c2" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #243bb3; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">Spiritual unity binds nations as we protect each other from the WHO</a></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 493.0625px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; max-width: 285px; min-height: 250px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 285px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #404040; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"> </p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535sect-eMVcLF" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#145866" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #145866; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 561.0625px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 20px 0px 30px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 580px; min-height: 60px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 493.0625px;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 10px 5px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Get in touch!</strong></span><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Email: <a href="mailto:frances@green-business-consultancy.ie" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: white; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank" ymailto="mailto:frances@green-business-consultancy.ie">frances@green-business-consultancy.ie</a><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 30px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="30"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9328652900ydp3c1296a2yiv0390412366ydp3478dc3cyiv2788829372m_1976877286057656535e-c" style="margin: auto; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></tbody></table></div></center></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-40601809142537126162023-12-06T04:15:00.000-08:002023-12-06T04:15:01.447-08:00Questions To Ask Before You Sign A Treaty<p> </p><p><br /></p><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><b style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Subject:</b> Notice served on WHO Operational Due Diligence</div><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652" style="caret-color: rgb(38, 40, 42); color: #26282a; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652yqt0292925493" id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652yqtfd04325" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpa0e58ff6yahoo-style-wrap" style="font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="outline: currentcolor !important;"> </span></div></div></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyahoo_quoted" id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyahoo_quoted_1515050775" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458yqt6210067996" id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458yqtfd15647" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yahoo_quoted" id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yahoo_quoted_1572851655" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div id="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212gmail_quote" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491body" style="background-color: #fffce7; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/b/c/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.sender.net%2Femail_open%2FM2odNSYQr8_K07dV&t=1701864465&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-66053f011800&sig=3XIH67HS_tF_EXSMKQKL9g--~D" style="border-width: 0px !important; display: block; margin: 0px !important; min-height: 1px !important; outline-color: currentcolor !important; outline-style: none; outline-width: medium !important; padding: 0px !important; text-decoration: none; text-indent: -9999px; width: 1px !important;" width="1" /></a><center lang="en" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br /></div><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-Nilw-g" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFCE7" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 5px 0px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 357.333px; min-height: 144px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 357.328125px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="color: #fc8805; direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 27px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 29px 0px 10px 40px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 24px; outline: currentcolor !important;">Notice to:</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="background-color: #f79646; color: black; font-size: 24px; outline: currentcolor !important;">Tedros Ghebreyesus</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 24px; outline: currentcolor !important;">From Humanity</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 429px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; max-width: 178.667px; min-height: 144px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 178.65625px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: bottom;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; 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display: block; max-width: 800px; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 178px;" /><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-d4VsG2" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFCE7" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 20px 0px 10px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 2036px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: middle;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 5px; text-align: justify; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Notice to Reject the Amendments and discard the Treaty, unless the following questions can be adequately answered and specifically the question:</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Do the Pandemic Treaty’s Prevention, Preparedness and Response Principles of researching, producing and scaling up technologies contravene the International Treaty Prohibiting the Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">We write in honour as men and women of the WHO Member States to the man, Tedros Ghebreyesus, acting as Director General of the World Health Organization, the world authority on international health. We respectfully ask you to share the scientific foundation of the WHO Treaty and IHR Amendments. </p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">The format of these questions is to establish:</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">The ways in which the Science behind the Pandemic Treaty, is the same as the science with which the World Health Organization carefully handled the Covid 19 Pandemic.</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Furthermore, we request the most rigorous scientific papers that substantiate WHO’s safety and efficacy claims and approvals. We ask that they be issued to the individual men and women who will be responsible in governments mandating community uptake and medicine adherence, and those who work in health care, administering mandated pharmaceutical products, including vaccines? We also ask that this complete and exhaustive presentation be made to the NGO’s that are implementing WHO health strategies without any grasp of the risks and ramifications of proposed measures such as boosters, lockdowns, social distancing, masks, PCR testing, mass mosquito releases, aerosol and smart technologies, and artificial technology monitoring, modelling and mapping, and to which parties data will be available to? The NGO implementers are already providing a human shield for WHO delegate and WHO strategies.</p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 5px; text-align: justify; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Is it only each country’s health minister who will be directly able to attend discussions or vote at the World Health Assembly?<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Is it through this one delegate that all public money and pandemic fund will be dedicated to supporting the implementation of the WHO Treaty, and possibly away from other beneficial infrastructure?</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why have the military been enlisted to police ‘protracted crises’ and receive training in this? the corporate social responsibility of producers for the WHO’s supply chain, critical links to correction processes, like compensating countries when the WHO does harm and liability? First of all, are both pharmaceutical producers and the World Health Assembly fully indemnified if there is wide scale damage to the environment or loss of life? Will governments be able to use Pandemic Fund money to address damages?</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p>There are competent authorities in all member states who want to grasp the scientific detail of the WHO’s One Health security technologies and biotechnologies and their interaction. We are becoming aware that this analysis of the interaction between several technologies is in fact impossible. We the people are concerned that many individual elements of technological innovation have already been produced and utilised in medical, food, agriculture, conservation, military and surveillance contexts, in good faith, but as dangerous interactions emerge, as with chemicals, the pandemic prevention, preparedness and response technologies may later be recognised as multiple elements of one weapon of mass destruction that has unintentionally been launched. <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />All these technologies, including green technologies, are beyond human understanding, and therefore should be renamed red technologies, as warnings about unforeseeable counter-indications, as they start to affect our breathing, vision, heart and other functions. We humbly ask the WHO to comment on the body of knowledge that makes up these concerns linking GMOs to the degradation of health and harmony, and to commit to the cautionary principle in approving the introduction of more. <br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />You will understand, at once, that all responsible governments will need to justify WHO emergency measures, including losses of freedom to make a living, travel, or look after their dependents and justify the over-ruling of rights to bodily integrity and existing health protections and medical models, with the WHO’s inclusion of biotechnology in mandated injections for Health Certification, or the mass release of mosquitoes.</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22.5px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 5px; text-align: justify; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Unfortunately there has already been criminal charges brought against two charities, World Mosquito Program and Save The Children fund, the implementers of a WHO-approved deployment of Wolbachia Mosquito eggs in Bali. The investigation by Police, National Security and Immigration span misleading and false advertising, by the World Mosquito Program, as a government program using a natural mosquito, when it turned out to be 100% foreign-funded, with considerable payments paid to stake holders to allow the release. Furthermore it was admitted that the mosquitoes are gene-edited to include patented Wolbachia IP Technology which will pass to all future generations, which make their release a gene drive technology, an infringement of privacy, a bio attack to introduce undisclosed artificial intelligence capacity and a Gain of Function by the micro injection of a bacteria that the species released does not naturally carry. Finally, senior World Mosquito Program researchers admitted that following the release of Wolbachia Aedes Aegypti, there was a huge spike in another species Culex which transmitted up to 11 new viruses including Japanese Encephalitis, which children then contracted and an immediate vaccine of all children under 15 was proposed. The scientists knew this, but did not declare it, which is a cause for concern when risks of fatalities, associated with a health strategy are recorded but not declared. n</p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Member states would be encouraged if they were able to read the WHO’s review of its advice to Member States. Finally to meet the scientists in both the constructing of the Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and response plan, and also the scientists, sociologists, bioethics experts who make up the Independent arm of the World Health Organization who will conduct future Risk Analyses on health strategies that are to be made law. Would they like to provide assurance that independent studies will be welcomed and open science practiced?<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/ed6dbaaf0e39a8ca9aa1fb98364c1c90" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">“GMO Regulatory and Legislative Outlook REPORT"</strong></a></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #1f497d; outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/8cec47574c8ed97327b0e997cee60ce9" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://</a></strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/07e828e485b06a35d533df3145740e3d" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">protectnaturenow.com/pdfviewer/legislative-report/</a></strong></span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-Wb7t5H" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFCE7" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px 37px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 268px; min-height: 194px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 268px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><img alt="Image description" border="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491g-img" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Femail_images%2F218653%2Fimages%2Fall%2Fa552_instances_of_sacred_geometry_in_famous_buildings_around_the_world.jpg&t=1701864465&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-66053f011800&sig=IyNKls4BGAuport27AYSew--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; max-width: 800px; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 268px;" /><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 429px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; max-width: 268px; min-height: 194px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 268px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #f79646; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></span>Respectfully, Frances<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></span><span style="font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor !important;">All rights reserved</span></p><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor !important;">On behalf of all living things with a heartbeat and the Gods do not want this either.</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-ARY6pW" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1FFE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1ffe8; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 53px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 33px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #f79646; outline: currentcolor !important;">Further questions</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-2g28qt" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1FFE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1ffe8; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 1203px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">A. Vaccination</strong></p><ol style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Do mRNA vaccines require gene editing?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does Gain of Function research require Gene Editing?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does the study of Potential Pandemic Pathogens require gene editing</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Are gene edited products regulated differently to genetically modified organism?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why? Is gene editing considered more safe, natural, precise or predictable?<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />“Genetically Modified Microbes: Technological and Legislative Challenges and National Security Implications”<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/3d77c61f187b4ddedf376e423e6830f3" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://protectnaturenow.com/pdfviewer/gmm-executive-summary/</a></li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How does the WHO’s safety testing and approval rules of gene edited bacteria and other microbes, which can spread, differ from the testing of chemicals, which containment are possible?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Please share the WHO’s policies on clinical trials using animals in vivisection, human trials ad open air trials of agricultural and climate action ‘green’ technologies?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does the WHO plan to implement more than one technology at the same time, for example Wi-Fi technology for biosecurity and a national vaccination program, as a pandemic preparedness or emergency measure?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How have the WHO’s scientists tested the interactions between different technologies for counter-indications to human health?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Has the definition of a vaccine been changed?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does it now include a gene therapy that generates an immune response?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">During the Covid 18 pandemic emergency response did the WHO record any risks associated with the vaccines’ interaction with the human body?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Could these all be attributed to underlying issues?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Were some previously healthy people affected in different ages groups?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How did the WHO’s researchers decide when to recommend vaccination for different age groups?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Have the WHO identified ways to reduce adverse events in future national and international vaccine roll outs? Please include the mitigation of risks.</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What is the process that national governments can enter into, to stop a national health measure being implemented, following an unexpected harmful consequence?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">We didn’t have a chance to prevent the Covid 19 pandemic. What new strategies does the WHO Treaty propose in order to prevent a future pandemic? Please share the science these are based on? Will Potential pandemic pathogens be created in labs in order to look at diseases that could happen in nature?<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />“Gain of Function Research And The Risk Of The Next Pandemic”<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/6c6baf4594fec89bede0cd01c5fdc90a" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://protectnaturenow.com/pdfviewer/gain-of-function-research-executive-summary/</a></li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will Potential pandemic pathogens be created in labs in order to look at diseases that could happen in nature?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">These are known as gain of function research, aren’t they?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does this means that scientists use gene editing to give an existing pathogen either higher transmissibility or make them more lethal?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How does the WHO decide whether to make a disease more transmissible or more lethal or sometimes both?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Please can you show the WHO’s criteria for which research to sponsor for pandemic preparedness?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Is research assessed and proposed by the WHO or are research projects proposed by researchers?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What is your biosafety standard for laboratories?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will the WHO continue to open fund research projects in universities?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Whose idea were mass releases of mosquitoes?</li></ol></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(222, 222, 222); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-BlYYhz" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#FFFFD1" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #ffffd1; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 2225px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="left" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">B. National Biosafety</strong><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></strong></p><ol style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How do university laboratories contain gene-edited microbes and larger organisms?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How will bio-containment/contamination/gene transfer/unexpected interactions in the microbiome a) human body b) environment be monitored by WHO Member States’ own laboratories?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Monitored by health and environmental protection agencies?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will all gene sequences, active ingredients and technological mechanisms be in the public domain, to facilitate independent testing and scrutiny by national planning authorities and hospitals for follow up?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How will this be affected by a) trade patents - for technologies released on experimental permits</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Or b) WHO-conducted military biosecurity - protecting information on bio agents that could unintentionally or intentionally become a weapon of mass destruction?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">“Bioweapons Draft Paper covering Treaties and Definitions” <a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/fe0354edae015235477fc3f5737896d6" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/11/weapons-of-mass-destruction-do-who.html</a></li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does the WHO consider all research facilities a risk of the intentional or unintentional proliferation of weapons of mass destruction?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Is that why the WHO Treaty outlines that only products from the WHO’s own supply chain will be approved for certification for travel and inclusion in the digital passports?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Which manufacturers have you chosen for inclusion in your logistics supply chain?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How has the WHO evaluated the bigger pharmaceutical companies, with mixed violation track records against smaller research projects which do not use genetic engineering in the medical models they study?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What percentage of research projects are funded to assess the safety and efficacy of WHO technologies to be implemented? Member states need to be aware of the risks being taken and know what negative impacts to monitor for and report on.</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">In the WHO’s review of the Covid 19 pandemic, what processes and tools are the WHO using to evaluate the choices, cost, safety efficacy, success, failings, adverse events and continued monitoring of short medium longterm effects and effectiveness?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How many years will the effect of the vaccines and lockdowns be monitored for? Again, in the Bali investigation it was found that only a few people died of Dengue, a fraction of those who died by accident or died by suicide. How will the WHO address this tragic phenomenon?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Were the many interactions between the human body and mRNA and other vaccines recorded?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will the WHO guarantee that the active ingredients of future vaccines and biotech products will be shared with municipal water management schemes so that they can use those parameters to test and filter for its appearance in the environment? “Green Technologies: Many Elements Interact As One Unintentional Weapon of Mass Destruction”<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/14da2d15d46432cf302953884a39c94a" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/11/one-big-weapon-of-mass-destruction.html</a></li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">The case of the World Mosquito Program contradicts the biotech industry’s premise that gene-edited organisms and microorganisms are precise, safe and predictable. Scientists could not directly answer whether the Wolbachia was passed through inherited gene transfer or describe how they mitigated risks of all the other pathogens present in mosquito eggs and larvae, at birth. “Mosquitoes From A Microbial Perspective”<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/46e5d52053c60f8abea5faadc39c9aa1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">https://healingbyfranc.blogspot.com/2023/11/gmo-mosquitoes-from-microbial.html</a></li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What science underpins the WHO’s policy to treat whole countries that are not yet sick or asymptomatic?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Can the WHO advisors show the critical papers that explain the term ‘asymptomatic?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Please share the reasoning to trust PCR test results at various resolutions above the empirically experienced health of the population?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How are potential pandemic pathogens stored?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How are research facilities supposed to manage their waste and water, to prevent a release of initial research failures and stocks of stabilised enhanced pathogens?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does this help with preparing a vaccine to be ready to respond to an outbreak?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Using the Wolbachia-mosquito research, the public were told it took thousands of attempts at microinjection of Wolbachia Bacteria before the Aedes aegypti accepted the bacteria and started to pass it to their off-spring.</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Were the earliest failures studied?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Were any off or on-site mutations found?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Did the disrupted genomes of eggs and sperm of the mosquitoes seek to repair itself?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">How were the failures disposed of?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">We don’t know the details, what protocols done?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">We remember social distancing which called for a 2 metre gap between us? Can the WHO share the scientific basis for this?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What evidence for masks stopping the transmission of the virus?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What samples did the WHO have or share of the Sars 19 virus and the strains of the pathogen that followed?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What drove the weaker and stronger variants of the disease?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">When the WHO vaccinate in the middle of the pandemic, did your data suggest that vaccinating in the middle of a pandemic drove stronger variants?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">What data was taken to assess the success?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why were ivermectin, Hydroxychloriquine, zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C not advised?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will doctors be able to prescribe or advise their patients to take simpler medicines food supplements instead of stronger pharmaceutical treatments advised by the WHO?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why was Mullion leaf taken off the shelves in the pandemic when well known to help respiratory disorders</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why was Abate detergent taken off the shelves when Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were set to be released the next week, when Abate was the only detergent strong enough to kills the eggs?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Why are Merck, producers of the HPV vaccine donating a million doses of ivermectin, an anti parasitic drug to treat Filarial Disease, caused by Wolbachia, at the same time as releasing Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Does a vaccine work if it is created to develop antibodies to the one strain produced as a Potential Pandemic Pathogens but it is used to address a slightly different mutation of a disease in Nature that actually caused the outbreak?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">If it is the same strain as the PPP that is engineered, will that show where the research was done?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Will that point to a biosafety leak rather than a pandemic risk?</li><li style="outline: currentcolor !important;">Would it be a more consistent prevention to ban genetic research into pharmaceuticals, food, agriculture, CCS and other biotech?</li></ol><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></p><ol style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></ol><ul style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: initial !important; outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-top-color: rgb(222, 222, 222); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-Cmgi7-" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1f7ff; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 53px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 33px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #f79646; outline: currentcolor !important;">The Mass Release of Mosquitoes Is Genocide</span></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-V3QmX2" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1F7FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1f7ff; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 178.667px; min-height: 322px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 178.65625px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/1d6963a6d29da3fee6baf69b7120900a" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="Reveal Hidden Agenda from Elite Global" border="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Femail_images%2F218653%2Fimages%2Fall%2Fvideo.jpg&t=1701864465&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-66053f011800&sig=Rzorw7FgZf61QXYCfKo9Xw--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; max-width: 649px; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 178px;" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 18px 0px 5px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="color: #f79646; font-size: 16px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><span style="font-size: 14px; outline: currentcolor !important;"></span>REVEAL</span><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Hidden agenda<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Behind the Spread of <strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;">WOLBACHIA</strong> Mosquitoes<br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></strong><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-cmvs" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 429px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; max-width: 357.333px; min-height: 322px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 357.328125px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/e58294110c829ad1414149056f0bd62d" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #196ad4; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><img alt="Karma - My Body My Choice Urgent Rougherendum" border="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.sender.net%2Femail_images%2F218653%2Fimages%2Fall%2Fkarma.jpg&t=1701864465&ymreqid=4590007b-c7bf-b346-1ca5-66053f011800&sig=4phq6aSLQFU5hxIBBbmzKg--~D" style="border-radius: 0px; display: block; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important; text-indent: -9999px; width: 260px;" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; text-align: center; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><strong style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><a href="https://stats.sender.net/link_click/M2odNSYQr8_K07dV/28ad2d132b450d417661d82d5f33f759" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" style="color: #fc8805; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank"><span style="color: #f79646; outline: currentcolor !important;">Karma - My Body My Choice</span><span style="color: black; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br clear="none" style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />Urgent Rougherendum</span></a></strong></p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491sect-HeTvas" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; word-break: normal;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 100%; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 640px;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="#D1D9FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background-color: #d1d9ff; border-radius: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 517px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><div style="font-size: 0px; line-height: 0; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_l" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; word-break: normal;" width="100%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td align="center" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 0px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;" valign="top"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-c" style="margin: 0px; max-width: 560px; min-height: 335px; min-width: 160px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; vertical-align: top; width: 429px;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491mb-db" style="display: table-cell; outline: currentcolor !important; vertical-align: top;"><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491st-ci" style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; word-break: normal;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 0px; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><tr style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><td bgcolor="transparent" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491i-tltd" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="direction: ltr; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; outline: currentcolor !important; padding: 10px 0px; text-align: justify; word-break: normal;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><div style="outline: currentcolor !important;"><p style="outline: currentcolor !important;">“We the people do not consent to any ARPA-H technologies that automatically deliver treatments and monitor from within an individual's body, such as Resilient Extended Automatic Cell Therapies, or blood draws, injections, pills, or surgeries, by either of WHO’s two platforms: A "Living Pharmacy" to automatically deliver prescribed treatments, and a "Living Sentinel" for monitoring and surveillance. This is particularly in the light of Bill Gates’ patents claiming Exclusive rights to computerize the human body. This is also in light of the undisclosed inclusion of IP technology in WHO’s mosquitoes and other technologies, Bill Gates’ recent promise to cover his AI customers’ legal fees for infringements of privacy and finally, Microsoft’s recent firing of their entire Ethics team. This is a karmic matter which we hope will result in karmic redress. When you are ready to withdraw your proposals and apologize for the damage you have done, and planned to do, please feel free to seed multiple public banks on our model of clean water as its golden peg, and seek immediate opportunities to make amends in any way you can for Member States and indeed all Nations, for your crimes against humanity. We the people will decide which we will accept."</p></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491s-sp_r" colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="outline: currentcolor !important; padding-left: 40px; padding-right: 0px; word-break: normal;" width="40"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: 0px auto; max-width: 640px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0575764119ydp2ef9faa1yiv7475222387ydpa1572080yiv0870117652ydpd636938cyiv6876081458ydpc41828a7yiv7223643212m_4038617799152788491e-c" style="margin: auto; outline: currentcolor !important; width: 100%;"><tbody style="outline: currentcolor !important;"></tbody></table></div></center></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-26636078752513492132023-12-05T19:25:00.000-08:002023-12-05T19:25:06.055-08:00Withdraw From The WHO Sent to 500 Non-EU ministers<p>We're just through the rejection of the Amendments. And this is how we approached it.</p><p>Today, I spotted that 5 nations have a Veto option on the UN. the European Union are the right hand of the WHO but they are not one of them, so throw your support behind the UK, Russia, China, France (Which is interesting?!) andAmerica. When I dowsed on it, the most possible is that America will be the one to do it. They've lived with Monsanto's GMOs and a massive pharmaceutical belt with overt mission statements like "We intend to have every citizen on an average of 4 prescribed drugs, from cradle to grave" for so long, they will see the danger of the pharmaceutical industry being in control of climate action too. It sounds too far-fetched for the rest of us...but it's being decided as we speak and so we must press on and insist that we want out of the United Nations too. <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health" target="_blank">This week's power grab</a></p><p></p><p><a href="https://worldcouncilforhealth.substack.com/p/global-digital-id" target="_blank">The Real Implications of Surveillance </a><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELDI5QBEQTI" target="_blank">Health Minister Recommending Digital Passports at the B20</a><br /></p><p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ0zym4JkDs2NgCUjaJpSCnqgGuCrH5h9wzdvQHkuH5qy7bnEXO0_avpY7oQN8bAg_NQiosNwjHv6Sy68OG1ZzuA3ktOIKYKQDjGC3n0Q05EaB7iLze_Ut9ET8f1nQIZ1Ffv9WLVHbBKuw5dlpUDCa_r9Lgnsn9FEaquPu4IEDrAYHuTkrDLPDR0Wzjmo/s8762/Save-our-human-rights-actionneedednow.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="8762" data-original-width="1920" height="3480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ0zym4JkDs2NgCUjaJpSCnqgGuCrH5h9wzdvQHkuH5qy7bnEXO0_avpY7oQN8bAg_NQiosNwjHv6Sy68OG1ZzuA3ktOIKYKQDjGC3n0Q05EaB7iLze_Ut9ET8f1nQIZ1Ffv9WLVHbBKuw5dlpUDCa_r9Lgnsn9FEaquPu4IEDrAYHuTkrDLPDR0Wzjmo/w607-h3480/Save-our-human-rights-actionneedednow.png" width="607" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-40445636099260455782023-12-05T02:18:00.000-08:002023-12-05T07:22:08.066-08:00Conference of the Parties....but You're Not Invited<p>Written by Kavita Byrd for Bali Solidarity</p><p>Inspired by this week's events:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjoiD9GlOied1JC-rmi4cna168Rs8Md9lYn-M92Ry5mervCKvsMCBm7eGroEZn4H7pyykfO25qeWJ1bmxZqdhVhksd4eN7lDwHuRpRyAYCieyUu1nPkkoKzVpuS06LmS_p3rdPVP27HJUmdq_QIjRqDyvBfe1kvHm_PaDoVwm7_nm_2sk4xrZykEdjkE/s1504/1st%20email%20to%20500.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1003" data-original-width="1504" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSjoiD9GlOied1JC-rmi4cna168Rs8Md9lYn-M92Ry5mervCKvsMCBm7eGroEZn4H7pyykfO25qeWJ1bmxZqdhVhksd4eN7lDwHuRpRyAYCieyUu1nPkkoKzVpuS06LmS_p3rdPVP27HJUmdq_QIjRqDyvBfe1kvHm_PaDoVwm7_nm_2sk4xrZykEdjkE/s320/1st%20email%20to%20500.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p> <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/02-12-2023-41-funders--partners-endorse-new-guiding-principles-for-financing-climate-and-health-solutions-to-protect-health" target="_blank">COP (Conference of the parties) 28, Global Digital ID & International health Regulation Amendments, </a></p><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;">A global techno-totalitarian new world order of total surveillance and control over all areas of our lives, obliterating our most basic rights and freedoms under the guise of "health security" and "climate action", is rolling out at breakneck speed <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="outline: currentcolor !important;">today</a>. Called the Great Reset, Agenda 2030, the "One Health" program, the UN Sustainable Development Goals or Fourth Industrial Revolution, this systematic agenda is being implemented through many intertwined facets that are designed to reduce the world population and entrap those who remain in a global system of digital tyranny. </div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;">This agenda includes the forced genetic mutation of people and planet; the release of bioweapons inducing new pandemics; mandatory vaccines; digital ID's; international vaccine passports; global digital health certificates; CBDC's (Central Bank Digital Currencies); fifteen-minute cities; and a Chinese-style Social Credit Score system -- in short, a transhuman worldwide order "fusing human biology with digital technology and artificial intelligence" (in the words of Klaus Schwab, World Economic Forum founder). <br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />In just this week alone, we have seen three "prongs", three major initiatives of this globalist agenda, being steamrolled through: 1) the WHO's new IHR Amendments, aka "One Health" program 2) the UN's 50-in-5 Global Digital ID Program 3) the COP28 World Climate Action Summit. These agendas are accelerating and converging by the minute, and we urgently need to oppose this now, before there is no turning back.</div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;">As Tim Hinchliffe, editor of The Sociable, said of the Global ID Program, it is "<span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;">a mechanism for surveillance and control that combines digital ID, </span><a href="https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/central-bank-digital-currencies-what-they-are/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #196ad4; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">central bank digital currencies</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;"> [CBDC], </span><a href="https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/rfk-jr-podcast-vaccine-passport-blackrock-vanguard-profiting-pandemic/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #196ad4; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">vaccine passports</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;"> and </span><a href="https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/personal-carbon-allowances-surveillance-capitalism/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #196ad4; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">carbon footprint tracking data</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;">, paving the way for </span><a href="https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/15-minute-city-climate-solution-control/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #196ad4; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">15-minute smart cities</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;">, future lockdowns and systems of </span><a href="https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/great-reset-power-grab-social-credit-cola/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #196ad4; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;" target="_blank">social credit</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; font-family: "Pro -apple-system", BlinkMacSystemFont, Inter, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Color UI UI"; font-size: 17px; outline: currentcolor !important;">.”</span> This could equally be said of the IHR and COP 28 programs: each drives another nail in the coffin, using "health security" and "climate action" as the pretexts for a global bio-security, AI-driven technocratic police state eradicating all human rights and freedoms.</div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />All people and countries are called to refuse this dystopian takeover, freeing ourselves from its many tentacles through action at all levels, and beginning to build new systems based on decentralization, self-reliance, freedom, regeneration, and the restoration of sacred harmony in our relations with each other, nature, and the whole web of life. <br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" />This is a wake-up call, a sacred call to action that we cannot ignore; please respond with whatever ways and means are in your power, while we still have the freedom to do so.</div><div style="caret-color: rgb(29, 34, 40); color: #1d2228; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; outline: currentcolor !important;"><br style="outline: currentcolor !important;" /></div><p><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-83498260250775164932023-12-02T02:14:00.000-08:002023-12-02T02:14:15.150-08:00Bali's Governor & President At First Endorsed Stopping The Mosquitoes<p>Letter from the Governor, translation into English</p><p> A. On Tuesday, November 7, 2023 at 10 p.m. 07.30 WITA, coordination was carried out with the Bali Health Office regarding the launch of the method for spreading Wolbachia mosquito eggs which will be implemented in Bali with the results:</p><p><br /></p><p> 1. This has not been implemented and the Bali Provincial Health Office is still waiting for instructions from the Governor of Bali.</p><p><br /></p><p> 2. The Governor of Bali's instructions regarding the Launching of the Wolbachia Method which will be implemented in Bali:</p><p><br /></p><p> a. The Bali Provincial Government asked WMP and Safe The Children as organizers of the Wolbachia mosquito launch activity to provide massive socialization to the Balinese people.</p><p><br /></p><p> b. Provincial Government. Bali requested that a scientific study be carried out first with experts to ensure that there is a guarantee of the safety of the program for both humans and the environmental ecosystem.</p><p><br /></p><p> c. The Bali Provincial Government requested that this program really be an official program from the Ministry of Health to be implemented in Bali, not from a private sector or foundation.</p><p><br /></p><p> d. The Bali Provincial Government proposed that this program trial not be carried out in Bali, because there was controversy over rejection from some Balinese people and foreign tourists living in Bali.</p><p><br /></p><p>Original letter from the Governor In Bahasa Indonesia</p><p><br /></p><p>A. Pada Hari Selasa tanggal 7 Nopember 2023 pkl. 07.30 wita telah dilaksanakan koordinasi dengan Dinkes Bali terkait Launching Metode penyebaran telur nyamuk Wolbachia yang akan dilaksanakan di Bali dengan hasil:</p><p><br /></p><p>1. Hal tersebut belum dilaksanakan dan dari Dinkes Provinsi Bali masih menunggu petunjuk dari bapak Gubernur Bali.</p><p><br /></p><p>2. Adapun petunjuk Bapak Gubernur Bali terkait dengan Launching Metode Wolbachia yang akan dilaksanakan di Bali : </p><p><br /></p><p>a. Pemprov Bali meminta WMP dan Safe The Children sebagai Penyelenggara kegiatan launching nyamuk Wolbachia supaya mensosialisasikan secara masif ke masyarakat Bali.</p><p><br /></p><p>b. Pemprov. Bali meminta terlebih dahulu dilakukan kajian secara ilmiah bersama pakar - pakar untuk memastikan adanya jaminan keamanan dari program tersebut baik terhadap manusia maupun ekosistem Lingkungan. </p><p><br /></p><p>c. Pemprov Bali meminta program ini memang benar merupakan program resmi dari Kemenkes untuk diterapkan di Bali, bukan dari pihak Swasta atau Yayasan. </p><p><br /></p><p>d. Pemprov Bali mengusulkan agar uji coba program ini tidak dilakukan di Bali, karena ada kontroversi penolakan dari sebagian masyarakat Bali maupun wisatawan Mancanegara yg tinggal di Bali.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-77487028817902149342023-12-01T22:36:00.000-08:002023-12-01T22:36:05.943-08:00Mosquito Due Diligence Petition That Has Already Gained over 60,000 signatures<h1 style="text-align: center;">The Petition Points That Have Already Gained over 60,000 signatures</h1><p><span style="font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">I will add the links later!</span></p><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Stop or Postpone</span><span style="font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> </span> <span style="font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Mass Mosquito Gene Drive on Bali</span></h1><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">We invite you, the environmentally and socially-concerned men and women</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">of Bali, Indonesia and the wider world to add your voice to this petition for</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Transparency, Safety, and Deeper Consideration</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i style="box-sizing: inherit;">Before</i></span> </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">the release of 200 million Wolbachia Bacteria-infected mosquito eggs in Denpasar, scheduled for November 13, 2023.</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">The release was casually announced via Instagram, only one month ago </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">But unexpected impacts, on the environment and human health, will be permanent.</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>THIS PETITION AIMS TO:</b></span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Outline and evidence the urgent need for a Due Diligence process</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">to assign Financial, Legal and Operational Liability</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For the mosquito program </span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Summary of unacceptable risks:</span></p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Millions of biting mosquitoes dependent on human blood will have a catastrophic effect on Tourism:</span> </li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The World Mosquito Program strategy to BREED Wolbachia bacteria into mosquitoes means the people of Bali and tourists must expect to get hundreds of millions more mosquito bites. Mosquitoes must get a blood meal before they can produce their eggs. Every female will lay up to 100 eggs, three times in her adult lifespan.</li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Global Petition To Stop Gene Drives:</span> </li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Gene drives have not received approval for open-air release or field testing because they spread a permanent genetic change in an ecosystem and the impacts on human health are impossible to predict, however well-meant. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11248-023-00335-z</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The spread of both the mosquitoes and the Wolbachia bacteria cannot be contained or reversed, after release. <span style="box-sizing: inherit;">Gene Drives: Assessing the Benefits & Risks - Future of Life Institute</span> </li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">An international petition <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>collected over 308,000 signatures this year, claiming that even gene drive research was so danger that it should be stopped globally. </li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>https://act.wemove.eu/campaigns/gene-drive-moratorium-int-en<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Who is liable Bali mosquito release?</span></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Are the World Mosquito Program, researchers, funders, mosquito manufacturers and universities financially liable, if it goes wrong or doesn't work? </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Diseases and damages will be nearly impossible to trace. </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">We need Bali's Environmental Protection Agency and a relevant Competent Authority, before any release, to declare the extent of their liability or veto the release. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>We demand clarity on who is protected from liability as well. </p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No consequences for Bio Tech damage</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Did a mosquito release generate a more dangerous variant of zika? https://theecologist.org/2016/feb/01/pandoras-box-how-gm-mosquitos-could-have-caused-brazils-microcephaly-disaster </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Did Dengue vaccines in the Philippines cause a deadly variant of the measles? <span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/05/03/719037789/botched-vaccine-launch-has-deadly-repercussions</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Wolbachia Bacteria feeds parasites that worsen the tropical diseases which the releases are supposed to reduce. <span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16230105/</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Wolbachia can cause Elephantiasis and River Blindness. <span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12860672/</span></p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Escalation of Dengue Threat in Sri Lanka after release</span></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">In Sri Lanka, there is a mosquito larvae crisis and Dengue cases have doubled since the mass mosquito release 2021. <span style="box-sizing: inherit;">(</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">Crisis24 - Sri Lanka Elevated Dengue Fever Activity</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">). </span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">In Yogyakarta trial, researchers acknowledge increases in spread </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://ugm.ac.id/en/news/19884-ugm-innovation-wolbachia-technology-for-humanity/</span></p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Due Diligence For Bali:</span> </li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">We strongly request Due Diligence Protocol that covers funding, transparency, efficacy assessments, safety evaluations, and an in-depth analysis of risks before any release takes place. <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The regulatory framework for the mosquitoes in Bali needs to address:</span> </li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Risk of spread to other species, the disproportionate and ongoing increase in mosquito population, the risk assessment of vertical gene transfer in imported eggs and the safety of the Wolbachia bacteria and Wolbachia IP technology.</li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hidden information: Wolbachia Bacteria and Wolbachia Technology:</span></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Non-disclosure of the use of Wolbachia (IP) Internet Protocol Technology in the Bali mosquitoes is a matter for National Security. https://riip.hal.science/pasteur-03412240/file/s41598-021-00888-1.pdf </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Wolbachia Bacteria (Natural) and Wolbachia IP Technology (Artificial Intelligence):</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>AU_Scaling up model .pdf</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">The WMP claim that their Wolbachia Bacteria and mosquitoes are both natural and not genetically modified. https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-mosquitos-idUSL1N2LM0WT </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">However, inserting an IP technology; using automated micro injection to insert a bacteria; and creating a Gene drive all require genetic engineering. </p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Artificial Intelligence In Mosquitoes:</span> Artificial Intelligence simulations were used to analyse risk and biohazards (https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/ai/ai-for-earth-world-mosquito-program)<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>Whoever is responsible for the monitoring, surveillance, data collected, mapping of locations and timing for mosquito egg distribution is<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>protected from liability by patents and exemptions and Microsoft to pay legal costs for<span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> copyright infringement, however valid the charge. </span>https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-09-07/microsoft-says-it-will-protect-customers-from-ai-copyright-lawsuits.</li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Wolbachia IP Technology in the gene drive in Bali is a massive infringement on National Security and Bio Safety. The Wolbachia IP Technology patent's owner (https://patents.google.com/patent/US7868222B1/en) has claimed exclusive rights to all the digital equipment, data collected and data transmitted using the technology. This demonstrates a conflict of interests for World Mosquito Program. Has the WMP been allowed to put an AI technology into the mosquitoes to deliver information to an unrelated agency for unknown purposes? </li></ul><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bali Testbed For Patented Biotech</span></li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>"Toxic mosquito aerial release system", patent details of which can be found at </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">this reference</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">"Right to computerize the human body. Method and apparatus for transmitting power and data", Unified Patents. Bill Gates' Patent: US-6754472-B1 </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Vertical Transmission of Disease in Eggs:</span> </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"> It is well documented that mosquito eggs carry Dengue and other diseases. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This knowledge of Vertical Gene Transfer, from generation to generation, should prevent approval to <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ever</span> mass release eggs. https://www.umu.se/en/news/viruses-detected-in-swedish-mosquito-larvae_5818057/#:~:text=The%20new%20study%2C%20published%20in,female%20mosquito%20to%20her%20eggs.</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Zika found: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35708402/#:~:text=Natural%20vertical%20transmission%20is%20an,when%20horizontal%20transmission%20is%20difficult.</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Dengue: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>https://academic.oup.com/jme/article/44/3/492/855234 </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">Chukuguny</span>a:<span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> </span>https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13071-016-1505-6 </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Malaria: https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2022/october/dormancy-malarial-mosquitoes-may-offer-new-ways-fight-disease.html</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Hundreds of millions of eggs are planned for distribution in Bali, imported with their additional undetected disease pathogens. </p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">WMPs goal is not to decrease the population of mosquito but to spread them. </p><ul style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The one species of mosquito that already cant be controlled by fogging</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">is being released in Bali</span> </span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7533057/</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Resistance-profiles-to-different-insecticides-tested-in-Ae-aegypti-from-Denpasar-Bali_fig2_317422393</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">,).</span></li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_semi_bold, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mosquitoes are insects but have now have been re-categorized as pesticides.</span></span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/epa-seeks-public-comment-proposed-amendment-experimental-use-permit-genetically</span><span style="box-sizing: inherit;"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>"</span>Like all pesticides, genetically engineered mosquitoes are regulated under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)" Even if we accept that they are not genetically modified, we do not accept that the Bali mosquitoes should escape all regulation. </li></ul><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: poppins_light, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px;">Please sign if you want Due Diligence done before this release.</p><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" />Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-65896212760163249512023-12-01T21:51:00.000-08:002023-12-01T21:51:43.401-08:00Due Diligence Qu.s Nations must unite to defend against the WHO<p> <b style="font-family: Times; font-size: 18px;">Due Diligence Questions</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">For the World Mosquito Program (funded by Bill Gates and other private companies)</p><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">and maybe the WHO's head scientist, Sir Jeremy Farrah, (sponsor of Oxitec's export of GMO Mosquitoes from the UK) can help?</p><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><h1 style="text-align: center;">We did not receive one direct answer</h1><h1 style="text-align: center;">WHO just recommended immediate punishment for even asking </h1><h2 style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;">Nations must unite to </div><div style="text-align: center;">defend each other against the WHO</div></h2>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The format of these questions was to establish: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>The ways in which the Bali release is the same as the Yogyakarta release so that we can be reassured by the findings of the Yogyakarta Trial.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 23px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In what way is it the same? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Wolbachia strain</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Is it the same Wolbachia strain as Yogyakarta? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Will the Bali eggs contain the same strain as the Yogyakarta release?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Did the Wolbachia IP Intellectual Property allow Yogyakarta’s environmental protection agency to know the exact gene sequence so that they could monitor its presence in water, other species? Was it made available to hospitals to test for its presence in human infections? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Were the EPA and Hospitals actively given this identifying sample of the Wolbachia strain used and encouraged to conduct tests during and after the trial period? If so was Wolbachia found to be present in humans or in Yogyakarta’s drinking water? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>If not why not? Why were these tests not done? And if the active ingredients/and genetic sequences were not shared, what parameters can authorities use to check the spread of the Wolbachia bacteria?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>If the Wolbachia bacteria strain is different to Yogyakarta, do you know from where it originates?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Experimental Release Permit </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Are University and factory Bio Safety Regulation the same in mosquito factories and labs? What are they?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Are the Bali release eggs produced in the same laboratory as the Yogyakarta trials?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Is the Bali release going to be released on an experimental permit? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Was the Yogyakarta release conducted with an experimental permit?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 18px; min-height: 18px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> <b>Number of eggs /adult mosquitoes released</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> Were all the eggs released in Yogyakarta bred in one factory?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How many eggs were released in Yogyakarta? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How many eggs will be released in Bali?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can you simply explain why very different amounts are released in different areas? (200 million eggs are being released in Bali, 20 million were released in Florida, and Maui was given a 20-year program in May 2023? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How did Yogyakarta decide on their figures to release? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can you explain why only male Wolbachia method mosquitoes were released in the past by WMP, but now the release of breeding biting females is being promoted as the preferred solution? The escape of three females in Singapore was considered so dangerous that the release was stopped?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Is it true that Wolbachia males are sterile?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Is it the case that laboratory bred Wolbachia mosquitoes have evolved to express a female bias? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does this mean that Bali must expect that a lot more than half the 200 million eggs will be female?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What percentage of the mosquito bred in the WMP laboratory are now female?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In the past the WMP would collect the cups delivered to the community houses and sort the mosquitoes. In Denpasar will the cups be collected from the recruited homes at the larvae stage? Adulthood? or as empty cups? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does this mean that the home owners are responsible for the release of the adults? If not, where will they then be released? And the WMP?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why do the WMP involve the community in the incubation stage?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Where specifically are they being told to release them?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Were imported eggs used in Yogyakarta, if so where from?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Are the Bali eggs to be imported from Brazil, Australia or Kuala Lumpur?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Were imported eggs incubated directly in the community?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>WMP mention 12 countries in their Scale up report for releases, do you know which manufacturing countries are going to use the exact technology that Yogyakarta developed? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>You mentioned that there were differences between the Yogyakarta and Bali release, what specifically are they?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why do the releases need to be different? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How is this different from a gene drive as all future generations of Aedes Aegpti will be infected by Wolbachia bacteria? Isn’t this the definition of a Gene drive?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In an article during the Yogyakarta trial, you described that when infection reached about 60 percent, it would be stopped. Can you clarify which population you are talking about and how did you monitor the spread to 60 percent? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Was it the spread of Wolbachia infection among mosquitoes? was it the spread of mosquitoes or were you referring to 60 percent or the target area having been treated with this mosquito technology? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How did you stop it when you reached 60 percent?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In the Yogyakarta trial were the equivalent statistics worked out by just the existing populations in the areas for reYou The WMP claim that they will prevent 3 million cases of Dengue. What model was used by the WMP to calculate this statistic for your trials? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Blood </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Would you say that you have bred 200 million mosquitoes over the 20 years of the WMP study at Monash University?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Approximately how many litres of blood did the University need to breed those 200 million Mosquitoes?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The public will want to question why its ok for that amount of blood to be expected from them to facilitate the breeding program? There is a shortage of blood and we are the silent food bank for the mosquitoes.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Where did the blood from the laboratory come from?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>The Wolbachia Technology developed in WMP Universities Program</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Would you describe your technology as inoculating the mosquito’s species against the diseases?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The WMP claims that it is breeding harmless mosquitoes, can you point us to the scientific papers that rigorously weigh up the benefits of increasing the population of mosquitoes and multiple bites versus reducing the species capacity to transmit disease?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Eggs</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do you know of any papers that address the problem of Inherited vertical Gene Transfer of Dengue, Malaria, Ockelbo etc. found in mosquito eggs and larvae at birth? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Was this one of the biohazards that was considered negligible? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Was the Wolbachia Bacteria that was micro injected thousands of times into the male mosquito sperm and the female mosquito eggs adopted into the genetic makeup to express it’s in all future generations of the mosquito species a new Wolbachia-carrying species <b>Or,</b> when you say Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, are they Wolbachia carrying genetically or Wolbachia infected relying on the exact mechanism vertical gene transfer that you are claiming won’t occur with other bacteria and pathogens. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>There seems to be an extraordinary risk, that the 200 million eggs could be imported to Bali already carrying new or existing diseases. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Did your University research the risks of vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer of other diseases and infections in addition to the Wolbachia?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can you clarify if your method is to inject Wolbachia into adult male sperm? And female adults’ eggs? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Is Wolbachia injected into in to mosquito eggs?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>The Harmless Bites Claim</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>When the Wolbachia strains are isolated and the micro injections are done, would either of these operations have taken place in an antibiotic culture or an animal-based serum? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There is a central worry that using antibiotic cultures could lead to antibiotic resistance for example infected mosquito bites </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Were students or researchers set any assignments to study intolerances caused by multiple mosquito bites?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Are there any formal research papers to show a difference between multiple wild mosquito bites and multiple Wolbachia mosquito bites, to support the WMP claim that they are <b>harmless</b>? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Wolbachia Internet Protocol IP Technology</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why is “Use of the Wolbachia IP Technology” stated as the only risk of legal challenge, in the WMPs Scale Up Report?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What are the legal challenges that the WMP anticipate? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do they relate to data access or use?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can you explain what the Wolbachia IP Technology is?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What is the capacity of the AI Technology?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does the AI Technology, in the released Wolbachia eggs, have the capacity to reassemble itself automatically with the bacteria? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Could this technology track the future spread of Wolbachia or just the first initial release?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can the technology differentiate between different strains of Wolbachia bacteria?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">You mentioned in the Zoom meeting that the different strains of Wolbachia don’t interact for example the Wolbachia in human parasites and the Wolbachia strains in fish and birds roundworms?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Are you concerned that Wolbachia as a symbiotic bacterium, could evolve, adapt and horizontal gene transfer through an ecosystem more quickly and in ways that Environmental Protection Agencies cannot predict? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does the IP Technology involve a substance that can be registered, at a distance, by digital equipment? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can this be measured for example by drones as used in Sri Lanka or can the AI relay information to a remote console? Who followed and managed the information gathered by this means in the Yogyakarta trial? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does the AI have the capacity to transmit and receive data?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>As an Internet Protocol Technology involves an internet facilitated exchange function, can the released organisms receive instructions?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does that mean the spread of mosquitoes and the spread of the released Wolbachia -bacteria strain, can be controlled if necessary? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Definition of Success</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why do you think that cases of Dengue doubled in Sri Lanka since the WMP release two years ago? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does the WMP call Sri Lanka a success?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why do you think the larvae crisis facing Sri Lanka did not happen in Yogyakarta?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do you know of any substantial differences between the release in Sri Lanka and the trial you conducted in Yogyakarta?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Yogyakarta Trial Results: The are dengue cases from the project areas in and around Yogyakarta show big increases from the project start date (2014) which only go down by 2018. This implies increased disease and death from the outset. Then a reduction in cases. But then the data show another huge jump to 2019. Is this data inconsistent with claims in the New England Journal of Medicine, of a 77% reduction in cases around Yogyakarta?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do you have any concerns about the use of the Mosquito method you designed, for the Bali release?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do you or other researchers have any reservations about increasing the population of Aedes Egypti in the wild by billions?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Can you explain more about the independent arm of the World Health Organization that did the study of Social, economic, health and environmental impacts? </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Which body funded the Risk Assessment?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Does the Artificial Intelligence connected to Wolbachia IP Technology CNN belong to Microsoft?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What else was Microsoft Artificial intelligence modeling used for?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> Was it used for the Identification and risk assessment of 50 biohazards research and results?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>How was it used for mapping and choice of release sites?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Are the local households that are incubating the eggs for the WMP being paid to take the cups?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What are there responsibilities and liability for the cups and contents?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What was the two-year socialization program to prepare Yogyakarta?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Was there any public consultation or consent process, or just promotion and education?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Why do you think Bali was given so much less notice? Did anything change a WMP decision to conduct other releases first?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Do you know if only the Health Ministry of each country for release is partnering with the WMP, rather than a whole government coordination process?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 19px;"><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-29153899011126665292023-12-01T21:28:00.000-08:002023-12-01T21:33:22.137-08:00WHO Retaliation: Children's Vaccine For The Nation's Capital <div class="I_ZkbNhI D_FY W_6D6F" data-test-id="message-view-body" style="background-color: white; display: table; outline: currentcolor; width: 574px;"><div class="msg-body P_wpofO mq_AS" data-test-id="message-view-body-content" style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: normal; outline: currentcolor; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 2px 0px 0px; position: relative; word-break: break-word;"><div class="jb_0 X_6MGW N_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 16px;"><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div id="yiv6275665410" style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">Indonesia Tries To Resist Mosquito Genocide</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">WHO Health Strategy</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">and today?</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">the WHO Retaliates</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">Resuming releases, making Bali its headquarters for the World Mosquito Program and introducing children's vaccines</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">Please Whoever Can Say No, Please Say</div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">We Do Not Consent </div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor; text-align: center;">ANNOUNCEMENT ON DENGUE VACCINATION FOR </div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><div style="text-align: center;">GRADES 3, 4, AND 6</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;">To Parents/Guardians of Students in Grades 3, 4, and 6</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;">SDK Harapan Bangsa</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;">Greetings,</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;">Balikpapan is identified as an endemic city for Dengue Fever in East Kalimantan. In response, the Balikpapan City Government, along with the East Kalimantan Provincial Government, is taking steps to address this by providing the Qdenga Dengue vaccine from PT. Takeda to students in grades 3, 4, and 6. The vaccine will be administered in two doses with a 3-month interval. The first dose will be given at the school from December 5 to 15, 2023 (pending the official schedule from the Gn. Samarinda Health Center).</div><div style="outline: currentcolor;"><br style="outline: currentcolor;" /></div><div style="outline: currentcolor;">We urge parents/guardians to read the information about the Dengue vaccine beforehand. If you consent to your child receiving the Dengue vaccine, please fill out the informed consent form from the Health Department before December 4, 2023, using the provided link.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="jb_0 X_6MGW N_6Fd5" style="outline: currentcolor; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 24px; padding-right: 16px;"></div></div><p><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></p><div class="H_7jIs D_F ab_C Q_69H5 E_36RhU" data-test-id="toolbar-hover-area" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; align-items: center; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; display: flex; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; height: 64px; letter-spacing: normal; margin-left: -8px; margin-right: -20px; orphans: auto; outline: currentcolor; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="D_F W_6D6F r_BN gl_C" data-test-id="card-toolbar" style="cursor: default; display: flex; 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flex-shrink: 1; outline: currentcolor;"></span><hr class="M_0 P_0 cn_0" style="border-width: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor; padding: 0px;" /></div></div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-28712134876336363352023-12-01T21:09:00.000-08:002023-12-01T21:09:27.093-08:00Analysis of the WHO and Military Relations<p> <b style="font-family: Times; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;">Wolbachia-Infected Mosquitoes and Military Involvement:</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>Analysis of WHO and TNI Relations</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: center;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>By: Richard Claproth</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The World Health Organization (WHO) has released intriguing information on its website regarding the involvement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). The link to TNI information on the WHO site raises questions about the relationship between this global health organization and the Indonesian military.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Information on the WHO Site: On April 7, 2019, the WHO site listed Indonesian military contacts, notably Colonel Tjahja Nurrobi, who served as the Chief of Cooperation and Medical Civic Mission Unit. This raises the question: why appoint military contacts to represent WHO, especially when they are not the primary decision-makers? Dr. RM Tjahja Nurrobi, leads the Integrated Health Services Division at the TNI Health Center with the rank of Navy Colonel and is also a permanent lecturer at the Indonesian Defense University (UNHAN).</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Another operational contact, Captain Soni Lasmana, from the Navy of the Indonesian Armed Forces Headquarters, serves as the Staff of the Surgeon General of the Indonesian Armed Forces. The WHO site also provides information on "protracted crises," highlighting incidents that are chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) in nature. "Protracted crises" refer to difficult situations that persist or last for an extended period. In the WHO context, Captain Soni Lasmana is involved in protracted crises, including CBRN events, indicating a focus on incidents that may last a long time.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">This information may be related to international cooperation or sharing information related to medical and health activities. However, considering the cunning modus operandi of the World Mosquito Program (WMP), such as the operation in Bali to release 200 million mosquitoes, it needs to be monitored by the Indonesian Intelligence Agency (BAIS) and the National Intelligence Agency (BIN). The following is a thought simulation of a fasting scientist critically thinking about WHO information and its relationship with national intelligence agencies, and this information is of a simulated nature.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">In the context of a national security simulation related to biological threats, several possibilities can be considered:</p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Military Involvement in Health Emergencies:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Military contacts, such as Colonel Tjahja Nurrobi and Captain Soni Lasmana, in medical missions and civil citizenship contexts indicate the possibility of collaboration between the military and the health sector. This may aim to respond to health emergencies, including biological threats.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The question is, what is the TNI's stance on Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Coordination of Preparedness and Response:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Military forces are often involved in national preparedness and response efforts, including those related to biosecurity. Their involvement may focus on coordinating medical missions, deploying personnel, and managing logistics in the face of biosecurity threats.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The question is, why is the TNI silent?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Interagency Collaboration:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Collaboration between the military and health organizations, as indicated by contacts on the WHO site, may reflect efforts to enhance interagency collaboration. This is crucial to responding to biosecurity threats by leveraging the strengths and resources of different sectors.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The question is, why was this information not anticipated, especially when BAIS and BIN were informed beforehand and remained silent?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Sharing Information for Global Health Security:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The presence of this information on the WHO site may indicate a commitment to transparency and international cooperation in the realm of global health security. Sharing details about key contacts and coordination points can facilitate a rapid and coordinated response to emerging health threats.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The question is, has the TNI examined genetically modified mosquitoes from the perspective of national defense and security? Why did the TNI not question BIN, which allowed the import of mosquito eggs from Australia?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Dual-Use Capability:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Military organizations often have dual-use capabilities, meaning they can contribute to both defense and civilian purposes. In the context of biosecurity, this may involve utilizing military infrastructure and expertise for public health purposes.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The question is, regarding Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, why hasn't the TNI taken a stance?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Enhanced Monitoring and Supervision:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Military involvement in biosecurity includes enhanced monitoring and supervision capabilities. The military can play a role in monitoring and securing borders to prevent the spread of biological threats.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Given the dissemination of information about the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes without involving the TNI, what is the TNI's stance?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Overall, the presence of military contacts in the biosecurity context can indicate a comprehensive and collaborative approach to addressing potential threats. This emphasizes the importance of coordinated efforts across various sectors to protect national security from biosecurity challenges.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Additional questions arise: Why does the military remain silent in the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes? Is it because there is an order from the WHO to remain silent? These questions involve policy aspects and may be related to specific contexts. However, in many cases, government decisions or health institutions' decisions to involve or not involve the military in health initiatives, such as the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes, may be influenced by specific considerations. Some factors that can influence these decisions include:</p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Public Health Expertise and Involvement:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Health initiatives are often managed by departments or public health institutions with specialized expertise in the field. The military may not always be the most suitable body to handle specific health issues. If yes, how prepared is the TNI to face bioweapon threats?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Utilization of Military Resources:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Careful consideration of military resource utilization. In the context of releasing Wolbachia mosquitoes, if the military has the capability or resources that can help, they may be involved. However, this decision will depend on national strategy and health policies. The situation is urgent because mosquitoes have already been released. Why hasn't the TNI taken a stance?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Coordination between the Health Sector and Military:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Coordination between the health sector and the military can be a crucial factor. In some cases, health initiatives may involve cooperation and coordination between different institutions. Has this coordination been done with the Minister of Health, Minister of Manpower, Minister of Tourism, Minister of Environment, Minister of National Development Planning (Bappenas), Minister of Defense, BAIS, and BIN? The leadership of the new TNI leaders is being tested here.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Approval and Legal Regulations:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Approval and legal regulations may govern the military's role in public health activities. The decision to involve or not involve the military may be influenced by the applicable legal framework. Why hasn't the TNI used this right?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Consultation with International Organizations:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">In some cases, governments may consult with international organizations such as the WHO to seek guidance or approval before involving the military in public health activities. If this is done, our country's sovereignty has already been taken over by the WHO. Did the TNI let that happen?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Public Perception:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Public perception of the military's role in health initiatives can also play a role. The government may consider public response to the military's presence in the health context. However, the people are eagerly awaiting a firm stance from the TNI. When will that firmness be announced to the public?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Although orders or guidance from the WHO may be a crucial factor in decision-making, this is not a reason for the TNI Commander to remain silent. Why?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The country is in a critical situation!</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-42041066244166613572023-12-01T20:43:00.000-08:002023-12-01T20:43:32.325-08:00Mosquito Safety and Efficacy Trials: Critical Evaluation of Wolbachia Infection Study<p> <b style="font-family: Times; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;">Critical Evaluation of Wolbachia Infection Study in Aedes aegypti in Yogyakarta</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: center;"><b>By: Richard Claproth</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: center;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The preliminary study on Wolbachia infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Yogyakarta, published in a journal that has been banned by BRIN due to perceived doubts, is titled "Prevalence and Distribution of Dengue Virus in Aedes aegypti in Yogyakarta City before Deployment of Wolbachia-Infected Aedes aegypti," which can be downloaded here.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">It should be understood that this research serves as the basis for spreading Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes in Indonesia.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The critical opinions below not only focus on the research methodology but also extend to the overall project's aspects, given its serious implications for ecosystems and public health. Policymakers are urged to halt the spread of millions infected with Wolbachia in Indonesia.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>1. Methodological Limitations:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The study relies on the One-Step Multiplex Real-Time PCR method for dengue virus detection. The sustainability and validity of these results need further evaluation using additional methods and verification techniques.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">One-Step Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method: This method has limitations in sensitivity and specificity. The study solely relies on one method for detecting dengue virus in mosquitoes. The use of additional methods, such as virus culture or alternative molecular methods, is needed to verify results and enhance confidence in the generated data. Due to method limitations, the sustainability of this study's results needs questioning. The addition of more valid methods and diversified detection techniques can provide a more accurate and reliable picture. This method is not sensitive enough to the genetic variations of the dengue virus that can affect detection results. The use of more advanced molecular techniques can address this uncertainty. Method limitations can trigger potential biases in result analysis. The addition of extra methods and verification techniques can help identify and reduce potential biases that may occur.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>2. Limited Sample Representation:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The taken samples may not adequately represent the environmental and condition variations throughout Yogyakarta City, which can influence result applicability at the national level.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The number of samples taken over five months does not cover sufficient variations in environmental and geographical conditions across the research area. The selection of locations and sample collection periods should reflect the diversity of conditions that may affect dengue transmission.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>3. Limited Duration:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Seasonal Variation Coverage: Five months is a short period to observe seasonal variations in dengue transmission and mosquito activity. This limited time overlooks fluctuations that can occur during the rainy and dry seasons, significantly impacting the reproduction and activity of Aedes aegypti.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Mosquito Life Cycle Coverage: The mosquito life cycle involves larval, pupal, and adult stages. Five months may not cover the entire life cycle, resulting in an inadequate understanding of how seasonal factors affect the reproduction and survival of Aedes aegypti.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Unobserved Variability in Mosquito Populations: The short study period may fail to capture changes in mosquito populations that can occur significantly over a longer period. Fluctuations in mosquito numbers can directly impact dengue virus prevalence.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Long-Term Pattern Identification: A five-month study does not provide a complete picture of the long-term patterns of dengue transmission. The long-term effects of environmental, climatic, and dengue transmission sustainability factors may not be fully revealed.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Inadequate Assessment of Epidemiological Dynamics: The limited duration does not allow for a comprehensive analysis of dengue epidemiological dynamics, including identifying long-term trends, transmission cycles, and evolving risk factors over time.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Inadequate Assessment of Epidemiological Dynamics: The limited duration does not allow for a comprehensive analysis of dengue epidemiological dynamics, including identifying long-term trends, transmission cycles, and evolving risk factors over time.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>4. Focus on Aedes aegypti:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The study focuses on Aedes aegypti, while Aedes albopictus can also be a potential vector. A comprehensive evaluation of the role of Aedes albopictus in dengue spread should also be considered.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Neglect of Aedes albopictus: The study exclusively focuses on Aedes aegypti, overlooking the potential role of Aedes albopictus as a dengue vector. Aedes albopictus is known as an alternative vector and can significantly contribute to dengue virus transmission.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Potential Inaccuracy of Information: Neglecting Aedes albopictus can lead to inaccuracies in understanding the dynamics of dengue transmission. Comprehensive information about both mosquito species is essential for planning and implementing effective control strategies.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Limited Impact on Dengue Control: The study's focus only on Aedes aegypti may limit the relevance of findings to overall dengue control efforts. Aedes albopictus should be comprehensively evaluated to understand the complete picture of dengue transmission risk.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Need for Evaluation of Aedes albopictus Role: A comprehensive evaluation of the role of Aedes albopictus in dengue spread should be the focus of further studies. Continued research should include identification, monitoring, and analysis of Aedes albopictus's contribution to dengue virus transmission.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Importance of a Multivector Approach: To fully understand the dynamics of dengue transmission, it is crucial to adopt a multivector approach that considers the relative contributions of both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Focusing only on one vector may overlook the actual variability and complexity in the dengue transmission ecosystem.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>5. Lack of Epidemiological Analysis:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The study has not provided a sufficiently in-depth epidemiological analysis regarding the correlation between dengue virus infection in mosquitoes and the number of dengue cases in humans.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Correlation Analysis: The study fails to provide adequate epidemiological analysis to explain the correlation between dengue virus infection in mosquitoes and the number of dengue cases in humans. This inability diminishes the understanding of the relationship between mosquitoes as vectors and the burden of dengue disease in the human population.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Limitations in Epidemiological Information: The lack of epidemiological analysis results in limitations in providing in-depth insights into the impact of dengue virus infection in mosquitoes on the occurrence of dengue disease in humans. This information is crucial for the development of control and mitigation strategies.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Presentation of Epidemiological Data: The study does not provide adequate presentation of epidemiological data, such as dengue incidence trends, seasonal patterns, and other epidemiological characteristics. This hinders the ability to make significant epidemiological inferences.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Absence of Risk Factor Analysis: More in-depth epidemiological analysis typically includes the identification of risk factors contributing to increased dengue cases. The study lacks information regarding these risk factors.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Unclear Implications for Control: Without adequate epidemiological analysis, the implications and relevance of the study's findings for dengue control and risk mitigation strategies become unclear. Effective control strategies require a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological dynamics of the disease.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>6. Lack of Ecosystem Impact Assessment:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The ecological impact of spreading millions of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes has not been adequately evaluated. Risks to the ecosystem and biodiversity need further analysis.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Unevaluated Ecological Impact: This study does not provide a sufficient evaluation of the ecological impact of spreading millions of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. This creates uncertainty about the long-term consequences of this large-scale intervention on the local ecosystem.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Uncertainty Regarding Ecosystem Risks: Potential risks to the ecosystem and biodiversity, both arising from the introduction of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes and their impact on non-target organisms, have not been analyzed in detail. The lack of this assessment creates uncertainty about potential ecosystem impacts.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Need for In-Depth Risk Analysis: A more in-depth risk analysis is required to evaluate possible side effects on other organisms in the ecosystem. Comprehensive ecological studies can provide a better understanding of the complexity of Wolbachia's impact on ecosystem balance.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Sustainability and Ecological Monitoring: The lack of emphasis on sustainability and ecological monitoring indicates a deficiency in study planning. Ecosystem impact assessments should involve long-term monitoring to capture effects over a sufficiently extended period.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Local Ecological Knowledge Limitations: This study inadequately considers local ecological knowledge that could enrich the understanding of the ecosystem where Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes are introduced. Involvement of local ecological experts could be an added value.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>7. Lack of Inclusion of Environmental Factors:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">The study may not have comprehensively included environmental factors, such as housing conditions, sanitation, and human population density, which can affect dengue virus spread.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Limitations in Understanding Environmental Factors: This study does not provide a comprehensive overview of environmental factors that can affect dengue virus spread. Limited understanding of housing conditions, sanitation, and human population density can hinder the interpretation of research results.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Limitations in Explaining Ecosystem-Human Interactions: Not including environmental factors comprehensively can limit the study's ability to explain the complex interactions between the ecosystem, vector mosquitoes, and the human population. This can inhibit a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of dengue virus spread.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Multivariable Analysis: Limitations in including environmental factors also affect the study's ability to perform adequate multivariable analysis. More complex analyses can provide better insights into the relative contribution of environmental factors to dengue virus spread.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Need for Integration of Environmental Data: This study needs to benefit from the integration of more detailed environmental data, including variables such as housing cleanliness, sanitation patterns, and population density. Integrating this data can result in a deeper understanding of the environmental context.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>8. Lack of Community Involvement:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Community involvement in the planning and implementation of this project may not be adequately represented. Community participation should be the main focus to achieve sustainability.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Suboptimal Community Involvement: This study does not emphasize community involvement sufficiently in the planning and implementation of the project. Lack of involvement can harm the sustainability of the project and the effectiveness of implementation in the field.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Lack of Clear Community Involvement Plan: The absence of a clear plan on how the community is involved in the project can lead to a lack of support, understanding, and acceptance from involved parties. A more structured community involvement plan can enhance project effectiveness.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Perception and Community Needs Gap: Not taking into account the gap between community perceptions and needs with the project plan can result in an imbalance in implementation. Optimal community involvement should reflect local aspirations and needs.</li>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Limitations in Addressing Local Challenges: Without involving the community comprehensively, the project struggles to identify and address local challenges that may arise during implementation. Community involvement can provide crucial insights into local dynamics.</li>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 36px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;"><b>Recommendations:</b></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Further and Longer Studies:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Conduct further studies with a more comprehensive design and longer duration to understand the long-term effectiveness and impacts of the project.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Ecosystem and Biodiversity Analysis:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Investigate the ecological impacts and potential threats to biodiversity alongside the spread of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">In-Depth Epidemiological Analysis:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Conduct a more in-depth epidemiological analysis to understand the relationship between mosquito infection and dengue cases in humans.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Expansion to Aedes albopictus:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Evaluate the role of Aedes albopictus as a potential vector, expanding the understanding of dengue spread comprehensively.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Comprehensive Environmental Assessment:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Include a more comprehensive environmental assessment, incorporating factors such as housing and human population density.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Participatory Community Planning:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Involve the community more actively in project planning and implementation, providing better education to them.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Health and Safety Risk Analysis:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Perform a comprehensive health and safety risk analysis related to human interaction with Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.</li>
</ul>
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Independent Evaluation:</li>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify;">Conduct an independent evaluation by experts not involved in the project to ensure the integrity and validity of the study results.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-45793725964490223622023-11-29T19:02:00.000-08:002023-11-29T19:02:44.442-08:00WHO's Head Scientist Is Oxitec Mosquito - 6.8Million to free millions while We were locked in our homes <h1 style="text-align: left;">Hint of things to come? </h1><p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXdYt2Zv2MGMV65LtSNEt38_LHb6WG7dpoe5fBpFBrwjozgmy30q5B7oqNc0LLoGjCFsRuQVcaZrfM0xgAm1SYF4AOFe-aMsdHDokPhCQL5uaA5lm8981YzSvIqsmGOKYHV4UlMvGlUIxbbAmNBYRSdmpAsdIrEKHo3OknOPaBr2FjjIqrDqco8sWNaYc/s1467/WHO%20OXITEC%20J%20FARRAR.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sir (and I use the word lightly) Jeremy Farrer. Funder of the mutant mosquitoes with deformed mouths, a luminous gene, a male that became aggressive and started biting and persisted in nature despite a lethal gene inserted into it. God knows how many are sick at his hand already as I say 'mosquito' singular but we're talking billions maybe at this stage from Oxitec, the English factory that decided to send its mosquitoes via eggs to get past export regulations at each end and to whom he gave millions (to set free) when millions of people went hungry (and kept locked down in 2021) and now? He is Head Scientist of The WHO. Thank the gods for being on our side, him and his mates and relations and organization are going to face so much karmic redress, it's going to be ugly. But you know what they say? A few less people no one miss." border="0" data-original-height="1001" data-original-width="1467" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXdYt2Zv2MGMV65LtSNEt38_LHb6WG7dpoe5fBpFBrwjozgmy30q5B7oqNc0LLoGjCFsRuQVcaZrfM0xgAm1SYF4AOFe-aMsdHDokPhCQL5uaA5lm8981YzSvIqsmGOKYHV4UlMvGlUIxbbAmNBYRSdmpAsdIrEKHo3OknOPaBr2FjjIqrDqco8sWNaYc/w383-h261/WHO%20OXITEC%20J%20FARRAR.jpeg" width="383" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Oxitec of the intentionally deformed mouths, aggressive males who even started biting, luminous gene, lethal gene, inherited transfer of zika that shrunk all those babies' heads are their first release. Oxitec is Jeremy Farrar's baby - 6.8 million he gave to set them free in 2021, while the actual human beings were locked down and many starving. Don't ever give money to the Wellcome Trust again if you were thinking of it. And ask the UK government if they'd like it if we made these mosquitoes here and sent them over there? So I look up who to ask my WHO Due Diligence Questions to, on behalf of all member states as I bet you 50p few countries have actually grasped it, and I found this sick man is Head Scientist. Are we screwed or will the gods intervene? I have a feeling the latter</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><b style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-size: 17px; text-decoration: underline;"><br /></b></p><p><b style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-size: 17px; text-decoration: underline;">Recommendation to reject the IHR Amendments/WHO Pandemic Treaty and leave the WHO</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">These are the instructions on how to reject the WHO IHR amendments, which will lead to the Pandemic Treaty, by no later than November 30th 2023.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.un.org/pga/74/wp-content/uploads/sites/99/2020/06/Updated-Rev-marked-2-Procedure-for-decision-via-silence-procedure.pdf. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The above link was the old procedure which took away the voting capabilities that previously existed and turned it into a “SILENT PROCEDURE”. The 2022 updated procedure is below. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA75/A75(9)-en.pdf</span><span style="color: black; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://album.link/s/2pwSLGzw0YVGbspjQYXYWD" target="_blank">If you're not busy, listen to this album and read exactly what this email says AND DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT!</a></h2><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(Below are excerpts from the official first link above from the WHO on how to officially reject the WHO IHR Amendments)</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">4. If adopted, Member States wishing to make an explanation of position (except co-sponsors who are not allowed to make an explanation under rule 88 of the rules of procedure) may do so in any of the following ways, without prejudice to the delegations’ rights under the rules of procedure to explain their position at the first plenary meeting to be held in order for the General Assembly to take note of the decision after the cessation of the precautionary measures as soon as the circumstance allow: Option 1: electronic versions of the statements in explanation of position received within two weeks of the end of the silence procedure will be posted on the e-delegate portal, under Plenary announcements. Please indicate the title of the draft decision/resolution in the subject line of the e-mail to be sent to Ms. Ludette Quiogue at quiogue@un.org in the General Assembly Affairs Branch. Option 2: Member States can address their communication to the President of the General Assembly (to be sent to opga@un.org). If received prior or within the hour following the end of the silence procedure, it will then be circulated in a subsequent letter from the President to all Member States. If received afterwards, it will be posted on the e-delegate portal. Please clearly indicate the title of the draft decision/resolution in the subject line of the communication. Option 3: Member States can also address a communication to the SecretaryGeneral requesting the issuance of their communication. ! Such communications should be addressed to the Secretary-General and signed by the permanent representative or chargé d’affaires, a.i., of the permanent mission to the United Nations. ! The communications should indicate the session of the General Assembly, and the number and title of the agenda item under which circulation is requested, using the agenda of current session of the Assembly. ! A scanned copy of the original signed communications (PDF version) as well as their Microsoft Word versions should be sent together to the Executive Office of the Secretary-General (sgcentral@un.org) with a copy to gaab@un.org and dms@un.org to facilitate processing. If versions in any other United Nations official languages are available, they should be included electronically with a clear indication of the original language and/or which language versions are to be used for reference only. 3 5. Member States wishing to make an objection may do so via a letter or Note Verbale addressed to the President of the General Assembly. Such correspondence should sent via email to opga@un.org. Please clearly indicate the title of the draft decision/resolution in the subject line of the communication. 6. If there are objections, the President of the General Assembly will circulate a letter informing that the silence has been broken.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/07/us/politics/coronavirus-trump-who.html</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In 2020 President Trump did start the process of withdrawing from the WHO. This seems now to be the most logical process as it has been made clear that the mishandling of the Covid pandemic was largely in part of the WHO guidelines and recommendations to advertise a vaccine that did not work, and was later found to not be a vaccine. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-takes-first-steps-to-withdraw-from-wto-who/</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Other countries who are also within the BRICS alliance, realise the errors of the WHO, and are also trying to withdraw, so the precedent has been set. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">For one thing, the Nuremberg Code is in the constitution with Article 118b, and the misuse of genetic engineering on humans is prohibited in Switzerland under Article 119 of the Federal Constitution. This is supplemented by Article 230bis of the Criminal Code, ... The perpetrators thus face up to 10 years in prison. However, this ruling should also make the rest of the world sit up and take notice, because the Nuremberg Code has international validity and is also included in Article 7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. In the case of criminal charges, reference must be made in the declaration to the thalidomide scandal in order to lend special weight to the significance of this charge. So politics is in for a hot autumn. One should also know that the German lawyer Dr. Rainer Füllmich and more than 100 other German lawyers were involved in these trials.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.foxnews.com/us/new-york-supreme-court-reinstates-all-employees-fired-being-unvaccinated-orders-backpay</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">No media is talking about it, neither in Switzerland nor in Europe.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Unfortunately, this only comes with a time delay again.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This is the letter from a number of countries that had already rejected the WHO Pandemic Treaty and IHR amendments.</p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 20px;"> </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4021159#record-files-collapse-header</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Estonia rejects WHO pandemic treaty and amendments. The official letter is at the bottom of this website. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.thaimbc.com/2023/11/26/estonia-notifies-who-that-it-rejects-the-pandemic-treaty-and-amendments-to-international-health-regulations/</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b>World Health Organisation’s International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 Amendments Explained</b></span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://apps.who.int/gb/wgihr/pdf_files/wgihr2/A_WGIHR2_6-en.pdf</span><span style="color: black;"> (Page 77 from the WHO website below)</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Submission of the Indonesia Proposed Amendments to the International Health Regulations (2005) Articles 6, 18, 23, 31, 45 and Annex 6 Explanation of changes: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(Highlighted sections in Blue. Added comments in Red)</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 6 Notification </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">1. Each State Party shall assess events occurring within its territory by using the decision instrument in Annex 2. </span>Each State Party shall notify WHO, by the most efficient means of communication available, by way of the National IHR Focal Point, and within 24 hours of assessment of public health information, of all events which may constitute a public health emergency of international concern within its territory in accordance with the decision instrument, as well as any health measure implemented in response to those events.<span style="color: black;"> If the notification received by WHO involves the competency of the </span>International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), WHO shall immediately notify the IAEA </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2<span style="color: black;">. Following a notification, a State Party shall continue to communicate to WHO timely, </span>accurate and sufficiently detailed public health information available to it on the notified event, where possible including case definitions, laboratory results, source and type of the risk, number of cases and deaths, conditions affecting the spread of the disease and the health measures employed, genome sequence data; and report,<span style="color: black;"> when necessary, the difficulties faced and support needed in responding to the potential public health emergency of international concern </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 6: 1-2 states We would like to withdraw the submission proposedly made by Indonesia because Article 6 mentions a nuclear agency, and we would need to explore further that there is not any risk that Indonesia will not lose control of their nuclear resources. This could include:</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">According to BRIN's Awaludin, Indonesia has uranium reserves of some 90,000 tonnes and thorium reserves of around 140,000 tonnes - enough to power 10 1,000MWe nuclear for 30 years.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“If i had to report that I have $20M of gold, and I have to report it, then the foreign WHO entity can take control of it”- example. Why should the WHO have records of what goods I have? This is an invasion of privacy.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): WHY ARE THEY APART OF THE HEALTH REGULATIONS??</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Giving up lab results, and all public health information as stated is a violation of privacy of each country's Health regulations. Foreign entities should not have health records of any nations citizens. Countries should choose what info to give instead of being forced. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">Article 18 Recommendations with respect to </span>persons, baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods and postal parcels </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">1. Recommendations issued by WHO to States Parties with respect to persons may include the following advice:</p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;"> - </span>no specific health measures are advised; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- review travel history in affected areas; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- review proof of medical examination and any laboratory analysis; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- require medical examinations; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- review proof of vaccination or other prophylaxis; - require vaccination or other prophylaxis; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- place suspect persons under public health observation; - implement quarantine or other health measures for suspect persons; - implement isolation and treatment where necessary of affected persons; - implement tracing of contacts of suspect or affected persons; - refuse entry of suspect and affected persons; - refuse entry of unaffected persons to affected areas; and - implement exit screening and/or restrictions on persons from affected areas. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 18, Point 1 is one all nations need to reject as this is totally unacceptable. It would allow the WHO/UN to have complete access and control of every country's baggage, cargo clothing, textiles, containers, goods, and postal parcels. This would give the WHO/UN complete control of a country’s logistics, shipping, and goods operation. This would no longer be a recommendation, but if each country does not opt out by letter by December 1st 2023, then this article will become law in May 2024.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This would also give the foreign UN/WHO entity control in all of the above for all 194 countries. This would be treasonous for any government official to give this much control to a foreign body that is controlled by the United Nations which the head office is in the United States, but also in Geneva, and Vienna. .</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. Recommendations issued by WHO to States Parties with respect to baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods and postal parcels may include the following advice: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- no specific health measures are advised;</p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> - review manifest and routing; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- implement inspections; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- review proof of measures taken on departure or in transit to eliminate infection or </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- contamination; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- implement treatment of the baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods, postal parcels or </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- human remains to remove infection or contamination, including vectors and reservoirs; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- the use of specific health measures to ensure the safe handling and transport of human remains; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- implement isolation or quarantine; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- seizure and destruction of infected or contaminated or suspect baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods or postal parcels under controlled conditions if no available treatment or process will otherwise be successful; and </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- refuse departure or entry </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 18 point 2 means that the WHO/UN will have control over every country’s ability to: have no specific health measures before advising them, review all travel manifests and routing which is a lack of privacy, implement inspections without proper due process from a court order, implement chemical treatments of any kind on baggage, cargo, any shipping container, all goods, textiles, food, and all postal parcels.</p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dead human bodies would be at the disposal choice of the WHO, which is an unelected body that is foreign to Indonesia. They could choose to get rid of all traditional burial ceremonies. The would be able to implement isolation or quarantine which means prison. Why should the WHO be able to imprison anyone in a country foreign to their headquarters?</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3. (New) in Issuing such recommendation: The WHO should consult with other relevant international organization such as ICAO, IMO, WTO to avoid unnecessary interference with international travel and trade, such as the movement of essential health care workers and medical products and supplies. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">4. (New) in implementing such recommendation: State Parties shall take into consideration their obligations under relevant international law when facilitating essential health care workers movement, ensuring protection of supply chains of essential medical products in PHEIC, and repatriating of travellers. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 18, Point 3 & 4 are the new implementations that the Indonesian government would like to see. However, this still gives away all power and control for Indonesian decision making to The Who, ICAO, IMO, and WTO. THese new additions are also restricting the movement and travel of not only Indonesian medical workers, but also giving a foreign entity control over the supply chain of medical products and pharmaceuticals. Indonesia will no longer be able to govern what pharmaceuticals or natural products go in and out of the country. This has to be unacceptable.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 23 Health measures on arrival and departure </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">1. Subject to applicable international agreements and relevant articles of these Regulations, </span>a State Party may require for public health purposes whether in paper based or digital format, in arrival or departure<span style="color: black;">: </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) with regard to travellers: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(i) information concerning the traveller’s destination so that <span style="color: #1155cc;">the traveller may be contacted</span>; (ii) information concerning the traveller’s itinerary to ascertain if there was any travel in or near an affected area or other possible contacts with infection or contamination prior to arrival, as well as review of the traveller’s health documents if they are required under these Regulations; and/or </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">(</span>iii) a non-invasive medical examination which is the least intrusive examination that would achieve the public health objective; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) inspection of baggage, cargo, containers, conveyances, goods, postal parcels and human remains. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 23, Point 1: This will allow for the WHO/UN to be in complete control and surveillance of all of the information of travellers going to and from Indonesia. This will also allow for people to be subject to forced examination of their body and cargo, which could negatively affect tourism. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. On the basis of evidence of a public health risk obtained through the measures provided in paragraph 1 of this Article, or through other means, States Parties may apply additional health measures, in accordance with these Regulations, in particular, with regard to a suspect or affected traveller, on a case-by-case basis, the least intrusive and invasive medical examination that would achieve the public health objective of preventing the international spread of disease. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3. No medical examination, vaccination, prophylaxis or health measure under these Regulations <span style="color: #1155cc;">shall be carried out on travellers without their prior express informed consent or that of their parents or guardians, except as provided in paragraph 2 of Article 31</span>, and in accordance with the law and international obligations of the State Party. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 23, Point 3: This will allow for the<span style="color: black;"> </span>foreign<span style="color: black;"> </span>entity WHO/UN to forcefully example minor children. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 31 Health Measures relating to entry of travellers </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">1. Invasive medical examination, vaccination or other prophylaxis shall not be required as a condition of entry of any traveller to the territory of a State Party , except that, subject to </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Articles 32 42 and 45, these Regulations do not preclude States Parties from requiring medical examination, vaccination or other prophylaxis or proof of vaccination or other prophylaxis whether in paper based or digital format; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) when necessary to determine whether a public health risk exists; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) as a condition of entry for any travellers seeking temporary or permanent residence; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(c) as a condition of entry for any travellers pursuant to Article 43 or Annexes 6 and 7; or </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(d) which may be carried out pursuant to Article 23. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. If a traveller for whom a State Party may require a medical examination, vaccination or other prophylaxis under paragraph 1 of this Article fails to consent to any such measure, or refuses to provide the information or the documents referred to in paragraph 1(a) of Article 23, the State Party concerned may, subject to Articles 32, 42 and 45, deny entry to that traveller. If there is evidence of an imminent public health risk, the State Party may, in accordance with its national law and to the extent necessary to control such a risk, compel the traveller to undergo or advise the traveller, pursuant to paragraph 3 of Article 23, to undergo </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black;">(a) </span>the least invasive and intrusive medical examination that would achieve the public health objective; </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) vaccination or other prophylaxis; or </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(c) additional established health measures that prevent or control the spread of disease, including isolation, quarantine or placing the traveller under public health observation </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 44 Collaboration and assistance </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">1. States Parties shall undertake to collaborate with each other, to the extent possible, in: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) the detection and assessment of, and response to, events as provided under these Regulations; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) the provision or facilitation of technical cooperation and logistical support, particularly in the development, strengthening and maintenance of the public health capacities required under these Regulations </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(c) (new) strengthening capacity to identify health threats including through surveillance, research and development cooperation, technological and information sharing. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(d) the mobilization of financial resources to facilitate implementation of their obligations under these Regulations; and </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(e) the formulation of proposed laws and other legal and administrative provisions for the implementation of these Regulations </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(f) (new) facilitating the provision of equitable access to medical countermeasures</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 44 Point1 is going to give away an autonomy which surveillance, logistical, financial information Indonesia can share, and gives the power to WHO to direct funds wherever they deem necessary to. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. WHO shall collaborate with States Parties, upon request, to the extent possible, in:</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) the evaluation and assessment of their public health capacities in order to facilitate the effective implementation of these Regulations </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) the provision or facilitation of technical cooperation and logistical support to States Parties; and </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(c) the mobilization of financial resources to support developing countries in building, strengthening and maintaining the capacities provided for in Annex 1 and Annex 6 </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3. Collaboration under this Article may be implemented through multiple channels, including bilaterally, through regional networks and the WHO regional offices, and through intergovernmental organizations and international bodies. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In Article 44 Point 2, Nowhere does it state Indonesian authority in decision making, only ‘international organisations and intergovernmental bodies and WHO’, this just again shows that they are trying to take away the authority of decision making from Indonesia.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 45 Treatment of personal data </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">1. Health information collected or received by a State Party pursuant to these Regulations from another State Party or from WHO which refers to an identified or identifiable person shall be kept confidential and processed anonymously as required by national law </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, States Parties may disclose to only internal and relevant personnel and process personal data where essential for the purposes of assessing and managing a public health risk, but State Parties, in accordance with national law, and WHO must ensure that the personal data are: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) processed fairly and lawfully, and not further processed in a way incompatible with that purpose; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to that purpose; </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(c) accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date; every reasonable step must be taken to ensure that data which are inaccurate or incomplete are erased or rectified; and </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(d) not kept longer than necessary. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3. Upon request, WHO shall as far as practicable provide an individual with his or her personal data referred to in this Article in an intelligible form, without undue delay or expense and, when necessary, allow for correction </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Article 45 states that all data will be given to a foreign entity that is based inUSA and Geneva, this is a violation of many countries’ privacy act. Its a form of espionage acting from a foreign entity standpoint.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">ANNEX 6 </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">VACCINATION, PROPHYLAXIS AND RELATED CERTIFICATES </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">1. Vaccines or other prophylaxis specified in Annex 7 or recommended under these Regulations shall be of suitable quality; those vaccines and prophylaxis designated by WHO shall be subject to its approval. Upon request, the State Party shall provide to WHO appropriate evidence of the suitability of vaccines and prophylaxis administered within its territory under these Regulations. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">2. Persons undergoing vaccination or other prophylaxis under these Regulations shall be provided with an international certificate of vaccination or prophylaxis (hereinafter the “certificate”) in the form specified in this Annex or in any digital format as being used in the country. No departure shall be made from the model of the certificate specified in this Annex.</p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"> </p>
<p style="color: #1155cc; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3. Certificates under this Annex or any digital format are valid only if the vaccine or prophylaxis used has been approved by WHO or/and by State Parties. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">4. For paper based format, certificates must be signed in the hand of the clinician, who shall be a medical practitioner or other authorized health worker, supervising the administration of the vaccine or prophylaxis. The certificate must also bear the official stamp of the administering centre; however, this shall not be an accepted substitute for the signature. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">5. For digital format, certificates must be presented with QR code that contains the information mentioned on the Model International Certificate of Vaccinations or Prophylaxis and should be aligned with any current guidelines or/and agreed by state parties </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">6. Certificates shall be fully completed in English or in French. They may also be completed in another language, in addition to either English or French. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">7. Any amendment of this certificate, or erasure, or failure to complete any part of it, may render it invalid. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">8. Certificates are individual and shall in no circumstances be used collectively. Separate certificates shall be issued for children. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">9. A parent or guardian shall sign the certificate when the child or a person with disability is unable to write. The signature of an illiterate shall be indicated in the usual manner by the person’s mark and the indication by another that this is the mark of the person concerned. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">10. If the supervising clinician is of the opinion that the vaccination or prophylaxis is contraindicated on medical grounds, the supervising clinician shall provide the person with reasons, written in English or French, and where appropriate in another language in addition to English or French, underlying that opinion, which the competent authorities on arrival should take into account. The supervising clinician and competent authorities shall inform such persons of any risk associated with nonvaccination and with the non-use of prophylaxis in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 23. </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">11. An equivalent document issued by the Armed Forces to an active member of those Forces shall be accepted in lieu of an international certificate in the form shown in this Annex if: </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(a) it embodies medical information substantially the same as that required by such form; and </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(b) it contains a statement in English or in French and where appropriate in another language in addition to English or French recording the nature and date of the vaccination or prophylaxis and to the effect that it is issued in accordance with this paragraph.</p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> difficult to understand the articles </p>
<p style="font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>
<p style="color: red; font-family: Times; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Annex 6 insinuates that we need digital passports to track our health. This is proposterous and clear violation of everyone’s health privacy. Digital passports will lead to complete government control of everyone’s health, finances, privacy and security. They should be rejected at all costs.</p><div><br /></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-73670130489316601772023-11-29T04:20:00.000-08:002023-11-29T04:20:19.428-08:00One Big Weapon of Mass Destruction, The Interaction of Many Elements: The WHO <p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLW6pxXhkAKrB3AxGvX6Yb5I8lZqZo6vJqteGVLTNgO-0YVibRJ2c2eTDWVlzXT9OtU3SCd96ztt_RuhyZYbTKzgsfvk2g_zLBDGpJJDFhpsZ-EvRbQsytB_AuQy0aRSL61iOvqKQB0ezI_uKMvgZAruG_kKZvgJJz7gzS6WB2m2enYNYR3C9Vj224L6k/s2434/Green%20Technologies%20Image.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1265" data-original-width="2434" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLW6pxXhkAKrB3AxGvX6Yb5I8lZqZo6vJqteGVLTNgO-0YVibRJ2c2eTDWVlzXT9OtU3SCd96ztt_RuhyZYbTKzgsfvk2g_zLBDGpJJDFhpsZ-EvRbQsytB_AuQy0aRSL61iOvqKQB0ezI_uKMvgZAruG_kKZvgJJz7gzS6WB2m2enYNYR3C9Vj224L6k/s320/Green%20Technologies%20Image.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><p>As my friend Freya Lawton said, Each technology in isolation might work but released together the many elements interact and that's when they can be seen as one big weapon of mass destruction already released.</p><p> <b style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; text-decoration: underline;">Green Technologies </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>If you let the World Mosquito Program call their mosquitoes natural and not genetically engineered, you will have sacrificed Bali for ever.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>All the following biotech products and strategies will be allowed in to destroy Baliinese health and Indonesian waters without regulation, </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>I refer specifically to the products promoted at the AIS Technology Conference on the 10th and 11th October 2023, claiming to help climate action and the bio safety risks of a mRNA vaccine factory. We already need to consider how we will destroy the eggs safely without even one escaping.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>The Biotech Industry Lie that the World Mosquito Program are using: </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><b></b><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>They claim that Gene Editing of microbes does not create Genetically Modify Organisms </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>But any genetic engineering of microbes (whether that is to add IP Technology to Wolbachia bacteria, isolate a virus to create a mRNA vaccine, or to biodegrade plastic or anything are in fact hundreds of times more unpredictable and irreversible, and the techniques completely inaccurate and drive worse problems.</b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b></b></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b>Dangers of 5G</b></span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806221/"><b>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9806221/</b></a></span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><b>It is totally unwise to roll out a new wireless technology to which there was originally huge opposition, and thousands of mosquitoes with Internet Protocol Technology inside them. We are giving huge access to our blood, DNA, health and location to whoever has access to the patented digital equipment that controls the AI. </b></span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">GEM = Genetically Engineered Microbes </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">(Eg wolbachia) </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">GEM-based Green Clean Technologies</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">We are within 2 weeks of a cataclysmic release: <a href="https://protectnaturenow.com/">https://protectnaturenow.com</a> 16 minute film</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GEM based fogging - Biological action of synthetic Pyrothroids that the Aedes aegypti is already resistant to (references in petition) </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Recycling Waste</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Bacteria as plastic digesters</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57733178</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GEM-based Vaccines</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Algae Biofuel</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Algae in biodiesel production</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813529/</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Abundant biomolecule source for industrial and biomedical applications. Algae grows in tanks, in sunshine. Microorganisms grow much faster than traditional crops, and can use wastewater or even saline water during their development, rather than fresh water.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Grease microorganisms</span>, also called oleaginous microorganisms found in the species of bacteria, yeasts, molds and algae are applied in biodiesel production to supply fatty acids source for transesterification. They convert agro-industrial materials (e.g., plant biomass) to cellular lipids could be </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Algae food</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GE Algae for food, feed, and fuel applications. In addition to the faster growth rate, higher biomass productivity, also ability to synthesize complex metabolites. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Use for GE lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Apart from the production of secondary metabolites, microalgae have also been targeted for various applications in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, personal care products. CO2 sequestration, wastewater treatment, high-volume low-value products.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">With genetic engineering, scientists can develop algae that grow faster and ward off deadly bacteria. They can create algae that produce more oil — which can then be turned into biofuels or biodegradable plastics. Or, they can engineer algae to be more nutritious, whether consumed by livestock or people. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Thin-film Solar</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Electricity from microorganisms</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://theconversation.com/this-is-how-microorganisms-can-produce-renewable-energy-for-us-149933</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Molten Salt Storage</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In mitigation there would be uncontrolled or unpermitted releases (with potential to cause significant impacts on environmentally sensitive resources) including genetically engineered organisms, synthetic biology unless the proposed activity would be contained. Purdue University Project.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Solar Tower</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">GE Microbial Biomass</span>: Photovoltaic-driven microbial protein production can use land and sunlight more efficiently than conventional crops https://www.pnas.org/content/118/26/e2015025118</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Custom Biofuels</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Researchers at UCLA have opened a path to cheaper and cleaner biofuels by using genetic engineering to fundamentally change how certain organisms process sugar.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Student Green Technology Competitions</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The Premiere International Synthetic Biology Competition https://video.igem.org/c/2021_project_promotions/videos?mtm_campaign=promo-videos-out-now&mtm_source=igem.org&mtm_medium=comp-section&mtm_content=textlink&s=1 </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The iGEM Competition is an annual, world wide synthetic biology event that gives students the opportunity to push the boundaries of synthetic biology by tackling everyday issues facing the world - including Frost -destroying bacteria (again), GE wine yeast, GE water cleaners and 50 others.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Soil Bioremediation</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Bioremediation of soil using GM Microbes is done ‘in situ’ whereas the soil is taken away with other remediation techniques.It is considered safe and optimum and contained in ‘a parcel of land’ and they imagine that when the contaminant is eater (the microorganism’s food supply) it dies off. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Environmental biotechnology indicates that microbes such as bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi can remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. ... GE microbes, recombinant DNA and RNA technologies have all been used for successful bioremediation</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128219256/fungi-bio-prospects-in-sustainable-agriculture-environment-and-nano-technology</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GE Fungi can break down PAHs – Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Fungi mediated pollutant degradation and bioelectricity generation</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Long-term health effects of exposure to PAHs may include cataracts, kidney and liver damage, and jaundice. Repeated skin contact to the PAH naphthalene can result in redness and inflammation of the skin. Breathing or swallowing large amounts of naphthalene can cause the breakdown of red blood cells.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Biochar is a good remediation - but charred also means scorched (think Maui)</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Application of biochar as an effective renewable adsorbent for enhanced bioremediation as strategy to mitigate HM/PAH co-contaminated soils. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The recombinant DNA technology for the degradation of unwanted materials from air, soil, water, and raw materials from industrial waste (PCR, antisense RNA technique, site-directed mutagenesis, electroporation (permits stable integration of genes into plant chromosomes), and particle bombardment techniques have become fine-tuned for bioremediation developing effective, safe, and economical techniques for bioremediation. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/genetically-engineered-microorganisms</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Enhance Pesticides</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Novel genetically engineered microorganisms to enhance their potential to metabolize particular compounds such as hydrocarbons and pesticides. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Great symbiosis between GMO organisms and GMO microbial species to clear them out of the environment. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(Except this first demonstration of a clonal effect influencing the ability of a transgenic plant to form a mycorrhizal symbiosis with a potential fungal partner).</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s004250100658</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Recent developments in the use of genetically engineered microbes and transgenic plants for the bioremediation of contaminated sites.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11434-013-0058-8#:~:text=Genetically%20engineered%20microbes%20for%20remediation,heavy%20metals%20from%20aqueous%20solutions.&text=GE%20microbes%2C%20recombinant%20DNA%20and,been%20used%20for%20successful%20bioremediation. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Designing E coli bacteria to express mercury and clean it up (Mercury is the most dangerous substance on the planet)</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Genetic engineering of Ecoli applied to metal bioremediation has the potential to improve or redesign microorganisms so that biological metal sequestering systems have higher intrinsic capability. To construct strains that are capable of specifically accumulating Hg2+ from dilute solutions. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-Wilson-123/publication/11844847_Bioaccumulation_of_mercury_from_wastewater_by_genetically_engineered_Escherichia_coli/links/54e799060cf2f7aa4d4dc1dd/Bioaccumulation-of-mercury-from-wastewater-by-genetically-engineered-Escherichia-coli.pdf </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Enhance soil health - Steering the soil microbiome </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Soil Immunity: There is now a compulsory need to enhance the ability of soil per se to defend against invading pathogens (i.e. soil immunity). Soil immunity is normally attributed to the activities of the functional microbiome. In the meanwhile, pathogen-microbiome interactions in soil are sensitive to soil contaminants which would filter out unique groups of microbial communities. Steering functional soil microbiome will not only limit disease development, but also reduce the level of soil pollution.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Arguments for Field Trials</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Field applications of genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation processes https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Steven-Ripp/publication/12467700_Field_applications_of_genetically_engineered_microorganisms_for_bioremediation_processes/links/5a6f589a458515015e615b1a/Field-applications-of-genetically-engineered-microorganisms-for-bioremediation-processes.pdf </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Engineering Bacteria for Bioremediation of Pollution</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The treatment of environmental pollution by microorganisms is a promising technology to optimize the enzymes, metabolic pathways and organisms relevant for biodegradation. But the natural metabolic diversity of the autochthonous microbes is insufficient to protect the biosphere from anthropogenic pollution.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Molecular methods allow the characterization of microbial community structure and activities, the performance of microorganisms under in situ conditions and in concert with the indigenous microflora will become predictable.“ !! http://bioinformatica.uab.es/biocomputacio/treballs02-03/rburgos/dades/Articulos/Engieneria.pdf </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Biochemicals (the dangers of both chemical and biological contamination.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">‘Transformed’ (GE) bacteria to degrade forever chemicals contaminating water from airforce bases.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Smart Meters</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">delivering improved network efficiency and responsiveness, and playing an important role in the transition to a low‐carbon economy.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Grant sponsor: Smart Energy GB. Conflict of interest: None.” This was written at the only health and environmental impact statement of smart meters (!) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7379585/ </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Smart meters emit Radio Frequency electromagnetic fields. RF-EMF and “Cell phone level RF-EMF disrupts human skin microbiota” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28956351/ </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Lithium-ion Batteries</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GE Metalotollerant bacteria produce valuable metal nanoparticles from the world’s spent batteries </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Fuel Cells</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Microbial fuel cells: novel microbial physiologies and engineering </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/elan.200980001 </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Advances in Graphene/Graphene Composite Based Microbial Fuel/Electrolysis Cells</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Electric Power Generation from Municipal, Food, and Animal Wastewaters Using Microbial Fuel Cells</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Rooftop Wind Power - Eco Laboratories</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">24 DNA-shaped turbines on the roof of the tower. 19-foot-tall vertical-axis turbines designed for quiet as built to house thousands of genetically engineered mice.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Tidal Power</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Optimisation of tidal power arrays using a genetic algorithms</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Green IT</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">3/4/5G Wireless: We use EMFs for communication between our body cells. Life slowly evolved in relation to electromagnetic fields (EMFs). </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Radiation produce stress proteins, a halving of fertility, lethargy, changes in flight dynamics, in the success of foraging, in reaction speeds, escape behaviour, disturbance of circadian rhythms, blocking of the respiratory chain and damage to mitochondria, misactivation of the immune system, increased number of DNA strand breaks, impairment of locomotion, with some irreversible effects. https://wsimag.com/science-and-technology/65062-5gs-threats-to-wildlife </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Green Concrete</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GE Fungi traits: Application in Self-Healing Concrete</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Green Building Materials</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Mycelium are mainly composed of a web of fungal filaments called “hyphae”, which acts as a natural binder, growing to form huge networks called “mycelia”. These grow by digesting nutrients from agricultural waste while bonding to the surface of the waste material, acting as a natural self-assembling glue. Engineered mycelium composite construction materials from fungal biorefineries.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Urea formaldehyde (UF) resins that were modified Cyanobacteria that's been genetically altered to produce building materials.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Modular Nuclear Power</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Parallel civilian benefits justify military spending in both nuclear and GoF.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Waste is toxic</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artificial Photosynthesis</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Improved Photosynthesis photosynthesis process by generating the Rubisco enzyme in a bacterial host https://biooekonomie.de/en/news/bioengineering-improves-photosynthesis#:~:text=Biochemists%20in%20Munich%20managed%20to,also%20boost%20future%20crop%20yields.&text=Thus%2C%20there%20is%20an%20urgent,crop%20yield%20for%20food%20output.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">What are the benefits of artificial photosynthesis? The main benefit of artificial photosynthesis is to produce a hydrogen fuel that will be energy efficient and carbon neutral. It will be a renewable source of energy which can be used for transportation. It will not add any green house gases into the atmosphere.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Waste to Energy</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The alternative was to retrofit the same plant with advanced technology that would remove dioxins through selective catalytic reduction - missions: selective catalytic reduction (SCR), selective non-catalytic reduction ... using autotrophic bacteria grown on ammonium in an oxic gas stream.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Nitrogen Oxide removed using GE microalgae. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Biochar</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Addresses free radicals. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">GE biochar: Effective renewable adsorbent for enhanced bioremediation is strategy to mitigate HM/PAH co-contaminated soils. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Biochar engineered with hydrogel, digestate and microbes for wider bioremediation options.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Bioengineered biochar reviving bioremediation and sustainability</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Health</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Leap To Brain therapeutics, developing 3 GE microbes to transform in the nose and skip the blood brain barrier and tell obese people they don’t feel hungry https://video.igem.org/w/4ScXb5JX5GBsLdxuqCxhud </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In medicine, genetic engineering has been used to mass-produce insulin, human growth hormones, follistim (for treating infertility), human albumin, monoclonal antibodies, antihemophilic factors, vaccines, and many other drugs.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Agriculture</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/wealth-from-waste-a-novel-indian-biotech-solution/articleshow/52061459.cms</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Burning stubble fields in India is replaced with biotech GE solution of turning all waste to alcohol (again).</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">CRISPR has introduced important agricultural traits including heat, cold, and herbicide tolerance; viral, bacterial, and fungal resistance</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Banks of microbial germplasm, which hold GE microorganisms with diverse traits of plant growth promotion, decomposers of crop residues, antagonism to diseases and insect-pests of crop plants, and soluble nutrients like phosphorus. http://www.icrisat.org/what-we-do/crops/ChickPea/KB_CD/mbgermplasm.htm</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Aprifreeze - A Switzerland team are spraying Apricots with a synthetic agent that will stop frost </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(!) https://video.igem.org/w/kGRDA6yXK5UHFApvq8r6sr </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Risks in agriculture. Increased weediness or gene flow, resistance evolution, and herbicide carryover to rotational crops were among the potential risks of genome edited crops that have been observed in different regions for an important staple crop: rice.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Crispr safely adapts crops to new environments (False)</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">· <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Enhancing CO2 bio-mitigation by genetic engineering of cyanobacteria† https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2012/ee/c2ee21124f</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">· <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>GE enzymes to enhancing the uptake of CO2 through the photosynthesis process; raising the amount of carbon displaced into “low turnover” systems such as cell walls; and increasing the amount of carbon transferred to root systems.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">· Algae Carbon Capture tanks coupled to coal-fired power plants to catch emissions.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">· <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>GE Algae in Carbon Capture systems fed to GE shell fish to better store the carbon.</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Natural Foods</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">· <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Gene editing can change the foods we eat every day, boosting flavour, disease resistance, and yields, and even tackling allergens like gluten—and scientists say they're working only with “nature's own tools”. </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic biology, gene editing and transgene technologies that involving gene manipulation are widely used in food research and development.</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic Biology in The Development of Engineered Therapeutic Microbes</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic Biology in Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Diseases through Engineered Microbes</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">CRISPR provide opportunities to nutritionally fortify foods <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Genetic modification of microbes is transforming our ability to combat all sorts of diseases</p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Novel fungicides, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides to support the food supply. Classed as pesticides whether chemical or biological. </b></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Conservation</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic Algae for the Great Barrier Reef which is 50% lost. Native algae is stressed and releasing reactive oxygen and killing symbiotic partners the coral. https://video.igem.org/w/rPfMYNBikQzFizqdTFygH4 </p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 22px;"><br /></p>
<p style="font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Revolutionize Environmental Monitoring of endangered fish, making it quick enough to base decisions on water-based operations.</span></p><div><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><br /></span></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-8957785642408402332023-11-29T04:11:00.000-08:002023-11-29T04:11:04.674-08:00GMO Mosquitoes From A Microbial Perspective -Weaponization of A Disease Vector <p> <a href="https://worldcouncilforhealth.substack.com/p/world-mosquito-program" target="_blank">Shining A Spotlight On The World Mosquito Program</a></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Draft prepared for the Institute for Responsible Technology.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 26.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b> The Mosquitoes From Microbial Perspective Work </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">All the <a href="https://protectnaturenow.com/"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://protectnaturenow.com/</span></a></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> points are in bold.<b> </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #103cc0; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 15.3px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> <a href="https://www.regulations.gov/commenton/EPA-HQ-OPP-2019-0274-0363"><span style="color: #103cc0; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 15.3px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://www.regulations.gov/commenton/EPA-HQ-OPP-2019-0274-0363</span></a></span></p><p style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 8px; min-height: 18px; text-indent: -8px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>When GMOs enter the environment, they can reproduce and transfer genes that will be passed onto future generations.</b> <b>Regulations and risk assessments are completely inadequate to decide</b> if it is safe to release GM mosquitoes in California. Previously, safety and environmental impact assessments of pest control products needed only to assess chemical impacts over a specified area. Assessing the introduction of novel living organisms with no existing natural niche must take into account their ability to spread. Oxitec has still not produced environmental impact statements, endangered species assessments, or studies on human health impacts .</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Spread Via Sexual Reproduction</b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Consider how a population can spread over a year, first of all through sexual reproduction. Normally the Aedes Aegypti live for two weeks, reproduce three times during that time, up to a 100 eggs each time (CDC, 2021). Oxitec claim to have inserted ‘self-limiting genes’, which ensure the females do not reach maturity, deforming their reproductive organs so they cannot breed. In some experiments the females were produced with deformed mouths so they could not bite (Muller, 2021). </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">In addition, disruption of their sensing capacities was achieved (Basrur, 2020), by which they would have chosen suitable pooled water for laying their eggs. The applicant claims that they will breed less successfully and reduce disease-carrying populations of biting female mosquitos. Male mosquitos will survive to pass on the lethal gene (Servick, 2019). Finally, scientists added an illuminating transgene, which can be monitored at least while in the confines of the lab, to confirm that the inserted traits have passed onto offspring (Nolan, 2021). </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">People in the trial areas have not provided their consent to being experimented on with OX5034.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>However, the most common occurrence in genetic engineering is unexpected side effects. </b>For example, when male mosquitoes were produced in an experiment that eliminated their attraction to the scent of the female mosquitoes and their inclination to mate, the males developed an attraction instead to human blood, which previously only females expressed (Tracey, 2020). It is too difficult for risk assessments to anticipate a mutation like this and the multitude of other mutations and traits which might be transferred. <b>Bacteria, for example, continually swap genes that help them adapt and survive</b>.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><img alt="mail.jpg" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/18163912-348b-4fca-ae80-cbced775ce19" /></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Image: StopGMM.Com </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>The genetic engineering process itself routinely causes widespread damage to the genome</b> including off-target mutations, additions and deletions (Latham, 2021). Oxitec claim that their genetic engineering process and GE mosquitos are “Precise: Our insects only target their own species. They will not harm other, beneficial insects – unlike some other methods of control”. The claim that genetic engineering is precise has been used by the biotech industry since the production of the first GMO crops and remains completely false. With unexpected and unwanted changes and damage caused by the process, many go unnoticed and it is impossible to predict further mutations downstream. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Unfortunately, most scientists who use gene editing do not spend the time or money to evaluate whether their GMO has unanticipated changes in structure and function (Smith, 2021). </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">In the Brazil field trials, Oxitec did not perform experiments to assess whether GM mosquitoes might persist in the wild (Powell, 2019). All governments, including the US, have little or no regulatory oversight for gene edited GMOs. They based this hands-off policy on the false belief that gene editing is safe, predictable and even of benefit to public health. As another research group pointed out, public education is not the same as public consultation (Powell, 2019). With such vast numbers of GE insects proposed to be released in densely populated areas, a public referendum should perhaps be called to ensure public awareness and involvement in the decision-making process.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b> </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Genetically engineered microbes and viruses present the most immediate and widespread hazards. </b>The transfer of new genes from GM organisms to wild non-GM mosquito populations and non-target species mean that the spread would be much wider, with high risk of negative consequences for human and environmental health (Kofler, 2019). </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">There was an independent study conducted on DNA spread from the genetically modified mosquitoes released in Brazil. Novel DNA and up to 13% of the genome were found in 5%-60% of the mosquitos captured and tested (Servick 2019). This report clearly refutes the applicant’s claim that no more than 3% of the GE mosquitos will survive (Oxitec, 2021). </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Potential Human Health Impacts Have Not Been Researched by Any Third Party</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The applicant proposes that only males will be released. </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">Is that possible to guarantee, at such numbers?</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> During Oxitec’s Brazil release, 450,000 GE mosquitos were released every week for two years from 2013-2015 in Jacobina.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><img alt="mail.png" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/ea3e0dff-fc5b-4279-8020-c64e5273f6ed" /></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Although there was evidence that the mosquito populations were majorly reduced (by between 90% and 96%), there was no evidence that there were fewer cases of dengue fever or Zika virus, both carried by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. Furthermore, up until 2015, Zika was considered a benign disease, with no symptoms but the Zika epidemic that spread in Brazil in 2015 and 2016, registered over 200,000 cases of babies born with brain defects, from the infection (Lowe, 2018). </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">If there is any chance at all that genetically engineered mosquitoes could drive the development of a deadly variant of a previously harmless virus, another release should be deemed unacceptable.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><img alt="mail_1.jpg" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/bd7c4a86-7d3a-4dd2-b329-ccb6715466d5" /></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Powell (2019) and the Brazilian research team who discovered the persistent Oxitec DNA strains, raised the alarm that more safety studies should be done. Although they agreed that Oxitec’s two transgenes themselves had not been found in the future generations and there was no evidence that the mosquito population was fitter or more likely to transmit disease, Powell reiterated ‘”What is important is that something unanticipated happened. When people develop transgenic lines or something to release, almost all of their information comes from laboratory studies…Things do not always work out how you expect.”</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>GMOs can become biological time bombs, hiding their unpredictable side effects until they have come into contact with certain species or conditions, or until their genetic constructs have mutated in future generations. </b></span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">The hope is that the male GE mosquitoes would mate with the native population of females and the lethal gene only be passed to female offspring. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">OX5034 GMO Mosquitoes Are Raised in Tetracycline and May Spread Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Such as Staph and MRSA</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>These genetic alterations could end up in organisms and ecosystems that were never intended or considered</b>. Oxitec claims the GM mosquitos are “Non-persistent: The self-limiting system means that our self-limiting gene cannot establish in the ecosystem.” Even their ‘self-limiting system’ presents an immediate human health threat. Oxitec describes how when they turn off the self-destruct mechanism, in order to let the mosquitos breed, they use an antibiotic </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; color: #0f151d; font-kerning: none;">Tetracycline</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0f151d; font-kerning: none;"> (Oxitec, 2021). </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; font-kerning: none;">Tetracycline is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #262626; font-kerning: none;">(WebMD, 2021) By 2050, it is estimated that 10 million people will die every year due to antibiotics having been rendered ineffective (Kennedy, 2021) from overuse. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b> </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>In addition, due to the widespread nature of gene transfer between species, </b>it is nonsense for the applicant to propose that the GM mosquitos will not interact with other species and exchange genetic material, whether they are designed to target their own species exclusively or not. <b>The only time to prevent the release of altered </b></span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;"><b>microbes</b></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b> associated with the GE mosquitos is now.</b> <b>They cannot be traced or recalled</b> and it may not be possible to protect the </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">microbiome</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> on which our food and environment depend afterwards.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Environmental Impacts Have Not Been Assessed, Including Impact On Endangered Species </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The applicant completely overlooks the nature of the mosquitos’ beneficial roles in the environment, including biomass transfer, their place in the food chain, and as pollinators. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">If a mosquito survives to adulthood, it flies away from its aquatic habitat, transferring the mosquito’s biomass, its material weight, to the terrestrial ecosystem. Mosquito biomass has been calculated at 96 million pounds in Alaska alone (Peach, 2019). Have the applicants considered the impact on waterways and sanitation, if vast quantities of GE mosquitos do not reach maturity, and remain festering in the pools where the eggs were laid? Water is an equal disease vector as mosquitos (Oryan, 2020). Has an assessment been done on how the nutrient-cycling by mosquitoes to plant growth and other ecosystem functions will be replaced or maintained if the species are eradicated? As Peach (2019) comments, although these aspects remain unstudied the amount of biomass involved implies that it may be important. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #434343; font-kerning: none;">Of 550 gigatons of biomass on the planet, insects make up 1% whereas humans make up only 0.06% </span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">(Daly, 2018). </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">GMO Mosquitos Will Not Reduce Pesticide Spraying</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The United Nations estimates that the productivity of 20 percent of the planet’s vegetated surface is declining (Giles, 2019). </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">Genetically altered bacteria from degrading GE Mosquito biomass could be released into California’s already nearly inert soil microbiome and affect fertility</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">. Insecticide-resistant insects are also associated with higher levels of insecticide use, causing nutrient, water and soil structure loss and erosion (Pocket, 2021). </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">It is conceivable that the GE mosquitoes could cause an imbalance in biological properties, including soil enzymes, microorganisms and their activities. These altered microbes <b>might migrate into the atmosphere, into the ocean, even within microbiomes of humans or animals</b>. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10.7px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">While Oxitec claims its GMO mosquitoes are necessary to fight dengue fever, there’s no proof that they can actually eradicate the disease</span></p><p style="color: #262626; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10.7px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-kerning: none;">Several studies suggest that the GE Mosquitos will not do what they are purported to do. The mosquitos have been developed on the belief that it is the adult biting female mosquitoes that transmit disease. In fact it was found out that mosquitoes were the cause of an outbreak of Ockelbo disease in Sweden in 2013. A study published in</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> <i>Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (2016)</i>, established that the related Sindbis virus could be found in mosquito larvae in spring, the year after the 2013 outbreak. The researchers concluded that the virus is transferred from the female mosquito to her eggs. "The mosquitoes are infected with the virus already at birth, which has not previously been shown," (Evander, 2016). </span></p><p style="color: #18181d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10.7px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The larvae live in water for up to two weeks. In this time, they feed constantly. They primarily use brushes near their mouths to filter through the water where they are living and eat microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, algae and plankton. However, some kinds of mosquito larvae even eat the larvae of other mosquitoes (Jenkins-Green, 2021)</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Risk assessment is beyond current predictive capacity. </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10.7px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">Once it is understood that disease pathogens are already present in the mosquito larvae, it makes it unacceptably dangerous to introduce GE mosquitoes designed to perpetuate a gene that is lethal to females. Altered microorganisms would inevitably pass through horizontal gene transfer to other aquatic species,</span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; color: #262626; font-kerning: none;"> to migratory birds and be carried in the water itself into the fresh water and food supply.</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #262626; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Mosquito larvae are eaten by many creatures including birds, bats, frogs and other insects. Adult mosquitoes that die (or are eaten and excreted) then decompose, turning the microbes they consumed as larvae into nutrients for plants, completing another important ecological function (Evander, 2016). </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; color: #434343; font-kerning: none;">Mosquito larvae grow by consuming microorganisms such as algae and microbes that decompose decaying plant material (Peach, 2019).</span></p><p style="color: #434343; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>GE Mosquito Pollinators - will they participate and do the job and could they do harm?</b></span></p><p style="background-color: #ffff0b; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #434343; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Genetic evidence supports a rapid increase in mosquito diversity corresponding with the appearance of flowering plants. Mosquito scales have been found in flower fossils from 145.5 to 66 million years ago. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Mosquitoes serve as prolific pollinators interacting with many different plants (Peach, 2019). </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">Mosquito-mediated pollination can be broken into three stages all of which involve microbial interaction. Will plants attract GE mosquitos to their flowers at the pre-pollination stage to collect pollen? GE organisms have been shown to exert different selection pressures on their microbiome and related functions (Krishnan, 2021). Will the GE insects fulfil the second stage leading to pollen receipt and dispersal. In the post-pollination stage, the pollen germinates on the stigma, grows down the style, releasing sperm nuclei that fertilize the eggs within the ovules that ultimately become seeds (Cullen, 2020).</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> Has gene transfer been assessed from the GE mosquito saliva to pollen and into the sexual organs of plants with which they interact during pollination (Peach, 2019)?</span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Oxitec claims biting females will not be released. A peer-reviewed study proved them wrong.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">The claims of “sustainability” made by Oxitec (2021) also ignore the mosquitos’ own extensive microbiota. Bacteria colonize different mosquito organs, including gut, salivary glands, ovaries and male accessory glands (Huang, 2020). </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">Questioning an earlier application the applicants were informally asked if the saliva of the GE mosquitoes had been tested for presence of pathogen variants or other altered genetic material and they’re possible interaction with the human population, and saliva had not been tested (Smith, 2013). Although the Lyme disease bacteria have been found in the salivary glands of mosquitoes, there is no evidence that mosquitoes are capable of passing them on in a very short bite, in the number and state required for an infection. This might reassure regulators but actually the other epidemic in Sweden, caused by Sindbus virus demonstrated a huge under diagnosis of cases as the symptoms are synonymous with arthritis and can begin as quite mild</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> (Evander, 2016).</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #434343; font-kerning: none;">Mosquito larvae grow by consuming microorganisms such as algae and microbes that decompose decaying plant material. Larval mosquitoes contribute to aquatic food chains by serving as food sources for many predators, including fish and birds (Peach, 2019). </span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">In addition to the disaster if the lethal transgene transferred to other pollinators, aquatic insects, fish and birds, disabling crucial reproductive functions, it could also feasibly enter the </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">human microbiome.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> <b>Even small alterations to the microbiome can have profound consequences, including disease or death of an organism, and disruption or collapse of ecosystems</b>. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #434343; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>Alternatives – Cleaning up areas that are worst affected via better sanitation and using the native mosquitoes’ own microbiota. </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Increasing interest has been shown in employing symbiotic bacteria to control mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquito salivary gland, ovaries and hemolymph are also important for virus or parasite replication and transmission. Many studies believe that the only appropriate and effective way to address the spread of disease amongst the human population is to address the issues of poverty and access to clean water and sanitary systems (Lewis, 2021).</span></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">There has been no transparency surrounding the experimental release. Where? When? How many? What are they trying to hide?</span></p><p style="background-color: #ffff0b; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> The proposed amendment would extend field testing in Florida by another 24 months on up to 6,240 acres and expand testing to California on up 84,600 acres. This specific acreage suggests that the applicants have a way to contain the GE mosquitos in this designated test area. </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">The problem of containment is only unsatisfactorily addressed in the highest security laboratories</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> (Nolan, 2021). </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">Hundreds of accidents in high security laboratories that work with microbes and viruses underscore the serious risk of creating these, even for contained research purposes. 1.4. Facilities that create or utilize GE microbes in production and research often lack the precautions and disposal methods to prevent environmental release. Too little attention is paid to potentially harmful impacts that these organisms may have on various ecosystems, including the human microbiome.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> Through contamination of waterways, pollen and gene transfer to other species through the food chain and decaying mosquito biomass, there are infinite pathways for altered microbes to spread beyond the test area and the GE mosquitoes’ own reach. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #535353; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 21.3px; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Similar experiments in Brazil and Cayman Islands have been a failure. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;"><b>Access to gene editing technology already opens the floodgates</b> for companies to manufacture hundreds and thousands of different gene sequences every day. These are tested for successes rather than errors or failures. The resulting GE products are therefore by no means ready for approval or release in the open environment and it would be irresponsible to do so.</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;"><b>It might have taken the pandemic for people to realize how microbes and viruses rapidly cross borders and encircle the globe.</b> It is widely understood now how microbes can interact with the microbiome of vastly different ecosystems and organisms. Risk and safety assessments of the GE mosquitoes’ microbiota and their interaction with the environment are too extensive to fathom. Microbes are found everywhere on earth, in the atmosphere, in the soil, in water, in all genetically engineered and native organisms and in us. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;"><b>Based on more than 50,000 published studies, we now understand that the majority of chronic illnesses in humans can be traced to some sort of ecological dysfunction (Smith, 2020). </b>The health of insects and plants are also supported by their microbiomes.<b> </b>Humans, for example, have about 22,000 functional genes in our chromosomes. The Aedes Aegypti mosquito has just under 15,500 (Wortman, 2007). But according to some experts, we more than make up for it because we are really an ecosystem for microbes. Our bodies contain over three and a half million microbial genes. They dictate the vast majority of the metabolic functions within our body. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b>It is urgent that we implement responsible laws and policies to prevent the release of any more </b></span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;"><b>GE organisms and their microbial communities;</b></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b> implement appropriate safeguards at all facilities using or creating GE microbes, assign strict liability costs should any human or environmental health crisis occur, as a result of insufficient safety testing of the applicant’s products and releases to date.</b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">These problems of unexpected damage to the mosquito genome, unwanted mutations and the proliferation of changed microbes establishing in the environment via horizontal gene transfer are confirmed in peer-reviewed studies.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> They are still being ignored or denied by many GMO proponents and lobbyists. </span><span style="background-color: #ffff0b; font-kerning: none;">The massive introduction of GMOs in this generation could permanently replace nature. We could lose biological evolution as we know it, disrupting the crucial functions of building organic matter and pollination in growing food and accessibility of clean water. </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">References</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Basrur, N.S., 2020, <a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/63982"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">Fruitless mutant male mosquitoes gain attraction to human odor</span></a> <b><i>Fruitless</i> mutant male mosquitoes gain attraction to human odor</b></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/63982"><b>Fruitless mutant male mosquitoes gain attraction to human odor</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/63982">Engineering male mosquitoes lacking the fruitless gene induces them to be attracted to humans.<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #6b006d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-kerning: none;">Boto, Luis, 2014 HGT of Novel Traits <a href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2013.2450"><span style="color: #6b006d; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2013.2450</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #6b006d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-kerning: none;">CDC, 2021 <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/resources/factsheets/mosquitolifecyclefinal.pdf"><span style="color: #6b006d; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/resources/factsheets/mosquitolifecyclefinal.pdf</span></a></span></p><p style="color: blue; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Correa, Maria, 2018 <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07014-2"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Generation of axenic Aedes aegypti demonstrate live bacteria are not required for mosquito development - Nature Communications</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; 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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07014-2"><b>Generation of axenic Aedes aegypti demonstrate live bacteria are not req...</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07014-2">The mosquito gut microbiota is important for the insect’s development and fitness. Here Correa et al. present a ...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Cullen, .P., 2020 Integrating microbes into pollination</span></p><p style="color: #6b006d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214574520301462">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214574520301462<span style="color: #6b006d; font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Daly, Jason, 2018 <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/humans-make-110000th-earths-biomass-180969141/"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Humans Make Up Just 1/10,000 of Earth's Biomass</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/humans-make-110000th-earths-biomass-180969141/"><b>Humans Make Up Just 1/10,000 of Earth's Biomass</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/humans-make-110000th-earths-biomass-180969141/">Smithsonian Magazine<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/humans-make-110000th-earths-biomass-180969141/">Plants make up 80 percent, but human activity chopped that number in half over the last 10,000 years<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #6b006d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 26.6px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Giles, Jim, 2019</span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"> https://www.greenbiz.com/article/fight-define-regenerative-agriculture</span></p><p style="color: #6b006d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-kerning: none;"> Hammond, Andrew, 2021 <a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/07/28/1020932493/how-an-altered-strand-of-dna-can-cause-malaria-spreading-mosquitoes-to-self-dest"><span style="color: #6b006d; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/07/28/1020932493/how-an-altered-strand-of-dna-can-cause-malaria-spreading-mosquitoes-to-self-dest</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Huang, Wei, 2020, <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2020.00196/full"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Use of Microbiota to Fight Mosquito-Borne Disease</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; 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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2020.00196/full"><b>Use of Microbiota to Fight Mosquito-Borne Disease</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2020.00196/full">Mosquito-borne diseases cause more than 700 million people infected and one million people die (Caraballo and Ki...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.abchomeandcommercial.com/blog/what-do-mosquito-larvae-eat/"><b>What Do Mosquito Larvae Eat?</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.abchomeandcommercial.com/blog/what-do-mosquito-larvae-eat/">Vanessa Jenkins Green<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.abchomeandcommercial.com/blog/what-do-mosquito-larvae-eat/">If you're dealing with mosquitoes, you may be looking for any solution possible. What do mosquito larvae eat? Ca...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://theconversation.com/genetically-modifying-mosquitoes-to-control-the-spread-of-disease-carries-unknown-risks-123862"><b>Genetically modifying mosquitoes to control the spread of disease carrie...</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 4px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://theconversation.com/genetically-modifying-mosquitoes-to-control-the-spread-of-disease-carries-unknown-risks-123862">Françoise Baylis<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://theconversation.com/genetically-modifying-mosquitoes-to-control-the-spread-of-disease-carries-unknown-risks-123862">Genetically modified mosquitoes were released in Brazil in an attempt to halt the spread of dengue fever by redu...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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</table><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Natalie Kofler: Scientific Citizenship Initiative Advisor and Center for Bioethics Lecturer, Harvard Medical School. Francoise Baylis: Research Professor, Philosophy, Dalhousie University. Graham Dellaire: Director of Research and Professor of Pathology, Dalhousie University. Landon J Getz: Vanier Scholar and Ph.D. Candidate in Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University</span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Latham, 2021 Genetically Modified Microbes. The Technological and Legislative Challenges and National Security Implications, <a href="https://protectnaturenow.com/pdfviewer/gmm-executive-summary/"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">GMM Executive Summary - Protect Nature Now</span></a> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; 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font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Lewis, Lori, 2021 The Water Project - NonGMO ways to stop disease spread by watching regeneration of NYC Water Scheme <a href="https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/cholera-dengue-fever-malaria-water"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">Cholera, Dengue Fever, and Malaria: The Unquestionable Link to Water</span></a> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; 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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/cholera-dengue-fever-malaria-water"><b>Cholera, Dengue Fever, and Malaria: The Unquestionable Link to Water</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://thewaterproject.org/water-scarcity/cholera-dengue-fever-malaria-water">Learn how unclean water is linked to Cholera, Dengue Fever, and Malaria<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800195/"><b>The Zika Virus Epidemic in Brazil: From Discovery to Future Implications</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800195/">The first confirmed case of Zika virus infection in the Americas was reported in Northeast Brazil in May 2015, a...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/07/28/1020932493/how-an-altered-strand-of-dna-can-cause-malaria-spreading-mosquitoes-to-self-dest"><img alt="mail_1.png" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/163b0dc8-1b4a-49a3-8134-d697f4ba6f34" /><span style="color: black; font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/07/28/1020932493/how-an-altered-strand-of-dna-can-cause-malaria-spreading-mosquitoes-to-self-dest"><b>How An Altered Strand Of DNA Can Cause Malaria-Spreading Mosquitoes To S...</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/07/28/1020932493/how-an-altered-strand-of-dna-can-cause-malaria-spreading-mosquitoes-to-self-dest">For the first time, scientists have shown that a new kind of genetic engineering can crash populations of malari...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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A. H., 2019 The Bizarre and Ecologically Important Hidden Lives of Mosquitos <a href="https://www.earthtouchnews.com/natural-world/how-it-works/the-bizarre-and-ecologically-important-hidden-lives-of-mosquitoes/"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">The bizarre and ecologically important hidden lives of mosquitoes</span></a> </span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.earthtouchnews.com/natural-world/how-it-works/the-bizarre-and-ecologically-important-hidden-lives-of-mosquitoes/"><b>The bizarre and ecologically important hidden lives of mosquitoes</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.earthtouchnews.com/natural-world/how-it-works/the-bizarre-and-ecologically-important-hidden-lives-of-mosquitoes/">Mosquitoes have intricate relationships with plants. Understanding their important work as pollinators helps us ...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eea.12852"><b>Mosquito phytophagy – sources exploited, ecological function, and evolut...</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/eea.12852">Phytophagy is a key element of mosquito ecology, and understanding it is critical to combat mosquito-borne disea...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/pocketk/57/default.asp"><b>Impact of GM Crops on Soil Health</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/pocketk/57/default.asp">A healthy agricultural production system cannot exist without healthy soils. Aside from being the habitat of div...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://stopgmm.com/take-action/"><b>Take Action</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://stopgmm.com/"><b>Stop Genetically Modified Mosquitoes</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/48654"><b>Mosquitos: The taste of water</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://elifesciences.org/articles/48654">Female mosquitos require a specific ion-channel protein to sense the presence of fresh water in which they can l...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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</table><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0f151d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">WebMD, 2021 <a href="https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5919/tetracycline-oral/details"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;">Drugs & Medications</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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<p style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5919/tetracycline-oral/details"><img alt="mail_2.png" src="blob:https://www.blogger.com/509e26dc-ed25-4983-b5fe-a6949d2ad2e7" /><span style="color: black; font-kerning: none;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5919/tetracycline-oral/details"><b>Drugs & Medications</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-5919/tetracycline-oral/details">Find patient medical information for Tetracycline Oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, int...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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</table><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><p style="color: #0f151d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span></p><p style="color: #0f151d; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14.7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Wortman, N. V., 2007, Genome sequence of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, a major arbovirus vector <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/"><span style="color: #1652ca; font-kerning: none;">Genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector</span></a></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width: 400.0px;">
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/"><b>Genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/">We present a draft sequence of the genome of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector for yellow fever and dengue fever...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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<p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></p>
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<p style="color: #161a1e; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/"><b>Genome sequence of Aedes aegypti, a major arbovirus vector</b><span style="color: #161a1e; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><b></b></span></a></span></p>
<p style="color: #858c97; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 6px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868357/">We present a draft sequence of the genome of Aedes aegypti, the primary vector for yellow fever and dengue fever...<span style="color: #858c97; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: none; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></p>
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margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><br /><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 18px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><p style="color: #1d1e1f; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 16px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;"></span></p><div><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"><b><br /></b></span></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-9434620005456898672023-11-29T04:04:00.000-08:002023-11-29T04:04:33.340-08:00Weapons of Mass Destruction, do the WHO Proliferate?<p> <a href="https://sarahwestall.com/who-gates-unleash-millions-of-mosquitos-in-12-unsuspecting-countries/?fbclid=IwAR2XWFqcxEROZfbAnafGLhaz2U4eL7Vtue-84yM8bsC3SNY1gfEVKL0DmcY" target="_blank">Sarah Westall Show Today: Millions of Gates Mosquitoes on 12 countries. Yours is next</a></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG6AsC0l7FVhhkO1Z4ByTrXT_06GEnkZdQR5ugnU9KH-vAF2FPMU21LfoCnDLWn7lsjRFjsFbtVPd9-94en0VUhsPVS7Xr8ZKCcNu0P_knuaD5t_D9gNixzxuHG1EH5PWv4-bc7lqC6Z5Iqj2Zlf_v30vrNrze2y8HZvydZaWeiEE3j_suRDxF7sdVOCU/s4096/Screen%20Shot%202023-11-27%20at%2018.28.20.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2304" data-original-width="4096" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG6AsC0l7FVhhkO1Z4ByTrXT_06GEnkZdQR5ugnU9KH-vAF2FPMU21LfoCnDLWn7lsjRFjsFbtVPd9-94en0VUhsPVS7Xr8ZKCcNu0P_knuaD5t_D9gNixzxuHG1EH5PWv4-bc7lqC6Z5Iqj2Zlf_v30vrNrze2y8HZvydZaWeiEE3j_suRDxF7sdVOCU/s320/Screen%20Shot%202023-11-27%20at%2018.28.20.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Draft prepared for the Institute for responsible technology 2021.</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><b></b><br /></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Bio Technology as Bio Weapons</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Rapid Advances in Biotechnology: Implications for Bioweapons Development</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Contents</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Introduction</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Biotechnology of Bioweapons</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dual Use Research</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gain of Function Research</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Biological Toxins and Gene Editing</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><i>In Vivo</i> Genetic Modification</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic Biology: Bioweapons Application</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Multiplex Automated Genome Engineering (MAGE)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Conclusion</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">References</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Introduction</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Rapid developments in genetic engineering have recently created unique challenges: Infant technologies are being used in multiple settings to modify and generate microorganisms, aiming to promote particular traits. The accidental release of a novel species or pathogen could have far reaching environmental, health, social, and economic consequences but there is also the risk of the intentional misuse of biological agents. National and international security risks have significantly expanded due to the accessibility of technology with the capacity to create new biological weapons. These weapons are designed for a new type of warfare and conflict, as they can be deployed covertly. Nonetheless, bioweapons are potentially more deadly than nuclear weapons and are internationally recognized as a weapon of mass destruction. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The military point to their usefulness first:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“The purely financial advantage of employing biological weapons was clearly illustrated by a 1969 expert United Nations panel which estimated the cost of operations against civilian populations at $1/Km<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><sup>2</sup></span> for biological weapons, versus $600/Km<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><sup>2</sup></span> for chemical, $800/Km(2)<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><sup>2</sup></span> for nuclear, and $2,000/Km<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"><sup>2</sup></span> for conventional armaments” FAS, 2021</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There are many different ways genetic engineering can create potentially dangerous bioweapons:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- impart antibiotic resistance to bacterial pathogens</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- increase human-to-human transmission of a deadly pathogen</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- make an existing pathogen resistant to existing vaccines, therapeutics, or other countermeasures.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">However, there are also some important conditions an effective biological weapon has to meet:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- <i>Procurement</i>: one has to be able to procure a suitable biological agent. “The NATO definition of a biological agent is: A microorganism (or a toxin derived from it) which causes disease in man, plants or animals or which causes the deterioration of material.” They include Bacteria, Viruses, Rickettsiae, Chlamydia<i>, </i>Parasites, Fungi and Toxins.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- <i>Mass production</i>: a bioweapon needs to be produced at scale without the loss of pathogenicity, Making microorganisms effective as self-propagating.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- <i>Effective delivery</i>: a biological agent typically needs to be deployed quickly and <i>en masse</i> to achieve its maximum impact before effective countermeasures can be deployed.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- <i>Environmentally robust</i>: a biological agent needs to be able to survive in the environment and spread.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">- <i>Treatable</i>: the agent that releases a biological agent needs to have an effective countermeasure to prevent incurring damage from the biological agent. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In “Guidance Notes to the Field Commander on the Consequences of Individual Agents For Continued Operational Effectiveness”, they include over 40 examples of biological agents, for example, Epidemic Typhus and Pneumonic Plague. (<span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">https://fas.org/nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/dod/fm8-9/2appc.htm</span>).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Most naturally occurring pathogens do not fulfill all of these conditions, making them unsuitable for use as a bioweapon, where genetically engineered pathogens with enhanced functions could. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Recent times have seen the rise of non-national agents that might not consider the last condition (that treatment is available) to be necessary, as they would tolerate inflicting damage to their population if that meant inflicting much greater damage to their intended targets. This of course goes for our hostile use of biological weapons on other countries as well. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dissemination includes inhalation, dermal exposure and ingestion. Therefore contamination of the food supply has been described as the weaponization of agriculture. (<span style="color: #1155cc; text-decoration: underline;">https://apnews.com/article/genetics-science-biological-weapons-ap-top-news-us-news-8ed74d87df524ab580d7fbd3b845d0c6</span>)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Meeting these conditions has been the main historical limiting factor in the development and proliferation of biological weapons: Very few countries were able to develop biological agents and the means to effectively deploy them. In addition, some deadly pathogens, like smallpox, exist only in high-security laboratories, and most potentially malicious actors would find it difficult or impossible to procure them. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">New gene editing techniques developed in the biotechnology industry provide an opportunity for malicious actors to procure and manufacture bioweapons: It is now possible to synthesize a pathogen from a digital genetic code from an online database. Genetic engineering processes no longer require highly trained and experienced staff and specialized equipment. This has significantly expanded the scope of malicious actors who could feasibly obtain and manufacture diseases which were contained or eradicated decades ago. In response, there have been consistent calls from the scientific community and the broader public to develop more effective methods of detection and prevention (Fraser, 2001).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Biotechnology of Bioweapons</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The advances in the field of biotechnology have made genetic engineering much more accessible than ever before. The past several decades have seen the development of increasingly sophisticated means of editing a genome: First, there were molecular techniques like meganuclease, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), then small RNAs techniques, including microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) followed, and finally, CRISPR/Cas9 has recently become the most dominant and most reliable genome editing technique (Khan, 2019).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“At the moment, most gene editing involves "Crispr" – a set of genetic scissors first developed by the Nobel-prize winning scientists Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A Doudna in 2012. The technology relies on a kind of ancient immune system found in a large number of bacteria. When they encounter a potential viral threat, they copy and paste some of its DNA into their own genome, then use it to develop a pair of scissors that can identify that exact sequence. If they ever meet it again, they simply snip, and deactivate it.” (Gorvett, Z. 2021) </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Later Gorvett disputes CRISPR’s reliability and ability to deactivate an exact sequence, referencing studies claiming more than 50% of genetic engineering experiments observed unexpected and unwanted mutations.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Figure 1. Overview of genome editing techniques (Khan, 2019)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Over the past few decades, gene editing technologies have not only grown significantly in variety and availability (Figure 1), they have become much more accessible. CRISPR technology, in particular, has reduced the cost of the gene editing process. For $990-1990, one can acquire a complete CRISPR gene editing kit online capable of performing gene knockouts, point mutations, and gene knock-ins. This has made gene editing technology widely available to people with little or no knowledge of genetics (Scientific American, 2017). In 2017, German authorities in Bavaria found that two DIY CRISPR bacteria kits contained potentially pathogenic bacteria. Although the risks of creating a dangerous pathogen using these DIY kits are considered to be relatively small, the wide availability of these kits, complete lack of regulation and oversight, and their potential widespread use certainly raise national security questions. Although these kits alone would not be sufficient to create a homemade bioweapon, they most likely make this enterprise easier for a potential malicious agent with sufficient knowledge. Most importantly, they are currently not regulated nor their sale monitored by the relevant agencies.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Dual Use Research</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dual-use items are goods, software and technology that can be used for both civilian and military applications” (EU Dual Use Trade Controls: <span style="color: #1155cc; text-decoration: underline;">https://ec.europa.eu/trade/import-and-export-rules/export-from-eu/dual-use-controls/</span>)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The 1925 Geneva Protocol (or the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and Bacteriological Methods of Warfare) and the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention legally limited the development, production, acquisition, transfer, stockpiling and use of biological weapons. However, the absence of meaningful mechanisms for ensuring that countries comply with their obligations remains a major weakness. (<span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">https://www.amacad.org/publication/governance-dual-use-technologies-theory-and-practice/section/5</span>) . The Geneva Protocol banned the use, but not development or production of biological weapons, while the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention specifically prohibited their development, production, and proliferation. This established a strong global norm on biological weapons, which effectively established a worldwide ban. This was further augmented by the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (or the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction), which planned but failed to introduce extensive verification measures, like on-site inspections. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Therefore, when the Chemical Weapons Convention became effective in 1997, a global ban on biological weapons came into effect. This meant that no country, including the US, was allowed to develop biological weapons. However, this applies to any research with a specific goal to develop a bioweapon. It does not apply to research where bioweapon development can occur as a side-product. There is research that produces results that can be applied to weaponizing biological agents, and where the research produces organisms that can be utilized as bioweapons. The results of this research can, therefore, have multiple uses, one of which is a bioweapon.This is how dual use research is so far not illegal. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">However, two phrases are inextricably linked to bioweapons research: “dual use research of concern” (DURC) and “gain of function.” </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The National Institutes of Health define DURC as: </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC) is life sciences research that, based on current understanding, can be reasonably anticipated to provide knowledge, information, products, or technologies that could be directly misapplied to pose a significant threat with broad potential consequences to public health and safety, agricultural crops and other plants, animals, the environment, material, or national security.” (NIH, 2021a)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Therefore, DURC includes not just human pathogens, but also some plant and animal pathogens, because these could, if released accidentally or intentionally, cause significant economic and environmental damage. The following criteria are used to evaluate whether research can be classified as DURC:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Can the research be reasonably anticipated to produce one or more of the seven experimental effects/categories listed below?</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will an intermediate or final product of your research make a vaccine less effective or ineffective? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will the final or intermediate product of your research confer resistance to antibiotics or antivirals in ways that are inherently different from those published previously? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will your work enhance the virulence of a pathogen or render a non-pathogen virulent? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will the results of your work increase the transmissibility of any pathogen? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will your research result in alteration of the host range of a pathogen? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Will your research result in a product or intermediary that may prevent or interfere with diagnosis of infection or disease? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Does your research enable “weaponization” of an agent or toxin? YES / NO</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Even though your research did not involve any of the aforementioned seven criteria, and recognizing that your work product or results of your research could conceivably be misused, is there the potential for your results/product to be readily utilized to cause public harm? YES / NO” (NIH, 2021b) </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">If the answer to any of these questions is YES or potentially YES, then the research could potentially be DURC and is reviewed and assessed by the Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) to determine whether the criteria for DURC is met. If research is classified as DURC, any publication of its results has to be authorized by the NIH Deputy Director for Intramural Research's Dual Use Committee, to make sure that sensitive or dangerous information is not released into the public sphere.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">However, communication of research results and sharing the benefits to society are required both to a) justify conducting dual use research at all and b) provide information to do a meaningful risk assessment. Prohibiting the publication of results also protects organizations and laboratories from scrutiny by regulators, in regard to biosafety and national security during export, transfer, brokering and transit of dual use items. (<span style="color: #1155cc; text-decoration: underline;">https://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2020/january/tradoc_158576.pdf</span>)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) was the first international treaty outlawing an entire class of weapons of mass destruction. From the outset, the BWC’s terms acknowledged the dual-use nature of biological agents: instead of prohibiting biological <i>weapons</i> specifically, it committed parties never to “...acquire or retain: microbial or other biological agents, or toxins . . . of types and in quantities <i>that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes</i>,” as well as “weapons, equipment or means of delivery designed to use such agents or toxins <i>for hostile purposes</i>.”<span style="color: blue; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; text-decoration: underline;"><sup>5</sup></span> This language also ensured that the BWC’s fundamental prohibitions would apply to all future scientific and technological developments in the life sciences and related fields, including in the nascent field of biotechnology.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">At the same time, the convention commits its parties to facilitate the fullest possible exchange of materials, equipment, and information for using biological agents and toxins for peaceful purposes and to avoid hampering international cooperation in such activities. This tension between the nonproliferation and assistance provisions of the BWC has been a major source of controversy between developed and developing countries since the earliest days of the convention.<span style="color: black; text-decoration: underline;"> </span><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">https://www.un.org/disarmament/biological-weapons/</span></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Gain of Function Research</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gain of function (GOF) research is a type of research where natural mutation processes of viruses and bacteria are accelerated in a laboratory to impart enhanced traits to these organisms. The objective is to create pathogens with increased human-to-human transmission, virulence, antigenicity, or antibiotic resistance. This research is done to identify specific mutations that lead to these traits, so they can be monitored in the wild pathogen population, or used to develop countermeasures. It is easy to see how developing pathogens that have more dangerous traits than their naturally occurring counterparts is highly dangerous and can be considered bioweapon research.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In addition to accelerating natural mutations in a laboratory, there have been several relatively recent cases of engineered pathogens that would be much more dangerous than their naturally occurring counterparts. In 1997, anthrax bacterium (Bacillus antracis) was modified by an introduction of an alien gene, making it resistant to existing vaccines. In 2012, two studies reported genetically modifying H5N1 avian flu virus (Morens, 2012; Nature, 2013), a flu variant with extremely high mortality rates (WHO, 2020). The new strain was reported to be transmitted through the air in ferrets, which are a common animal model intended to approximate transmission in humans. To obtain the common H5N1 avian flu virus, it was necessary to spend extended periods of time with infected birds. The publication of five mutations engineered to enhance transmissibility could serve a hostile agent planning to create and release a pathogen with pandemic potential.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In 2014, another flu variant, H7N1, was modified to allow respiratory transmission in ferrets (Dermody, 2014a). The decision by the Journal of Virology to publish this research has sparked a debate (Wain-Hobson, 2014; Dermody, 2014b) prompting the American Society for Microbiology Journals to publish details of its DURC review process (Casadevall, 2015). </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gain of function research is not limited to human pathogens: In 2011, a study was published on modified entomopathogenic fungi M. anisopliae with engineered dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin biosynthetic genes (Tsang, 2011). This created a strain with enhanced anti-stress capacity and virulence, making the fungi both a more effective killer of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae, and more resistant to UV-B light and extreme temperature, improving its survivability. This is just one of many instances of genetic modification of plant or animal pathogens to increase their resistance and enhance their virulence (Butler, 1998; Jacobson, 2000; Liu, 2002; Wilson, 2009).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Because of the clear bioweapon potential of GOF research on ‘select agents’ (pathogens identified as a major risk to public health), a moratorium should be sought. Furthermore, GOF results are almost certainly prohibited from circulation, diminishing the value of undertaking the research.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Biological Toxins and Gene Editing</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gene editing an organism to produce and deliver a biological toxin is another way to engineer a bioweapon. Although biological toxins are chemical molecules, they are commonly produced by plants, animals, and microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, or algae. Therefore, gene editing of these organisms is considered to be one of the ways to create a bioweapon. In particular, there are many organisms that produce neurotoxins – biological toxins that target the nervous system. There are a number of paralytic neurotoxins produced in living organisms like bacteria and algae (Giordano 2011; Giordano, 2017). </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gene editing can be used to obtain </p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">genetically modified organisms that have enhanced abilities for the production of biological toxins, </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">increased stability and resilience to environmental conditions, or even</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> given the ability to produce a biological toxin where none previously existed. </li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The developments in genetic engineering technology, the digitization of genetic information obtained through scientific research, and its wide proliferation online make it easier than ever to obtain the necessary information and conduct the experiment to create a bioweapon through genetic modification. With technological advances far out-pacing regulations, it is likely that this will become even easier to do in the future.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b><i>In Vivo</i> Genetic Modification</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Current gene editing technology has its limitations: While it is easy to conduct gene editing in cells and tissues in vitro (lat. in glass; meaning in a glass dish), it is significantly harder to alter a genome in a living organism – in vivo, especially complex organisms like mammals. There are several challenges current technology faces when it comes to in vivo genetic modification.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">CRISPR and other gene editing technologies use molecules as editing tools. In order to conduct genetic modification in vivo, these gene editing molecules must be injected into the organism (for humans, this would be either into the muscle tissue or blood). Once inside, the gene editing molecules would have to be viable inside the body and be able to cross cellular membranes to get to the cell DNA. In addition, for genetic modification of the nervous system and the brain, these molecules would have to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">All of these conditions make viruses the most likely delivery system for in vivo genetic modification. Customized genetic viral vectors, with adeno-associated viruses (AAV)) have been successfully created for non-invasive gene transfer in mice (Deverman, 2016; Chan, 2017). “In the adult mouse, intravenous administration of 1 × 1011 vector genomes (vg) of AAV-PHP.eB transduced 69% of cortical and 55% of striatal neurons, while 1 × 1012 vg of AAV-PHP.S transduced 82% of dorsal root ganglion neurons, as well as cardiac and enteric neurons.” (Chan, 2017).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“However, this method (viral gene transfer) presents several side effects such as generation of novel infectious agents, immunogenicity of the vector and mutational insertion of viral DNA” ( Pasquet et al, 2018) </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The AAV technology is currently being widely used to develop gene therapies for a number of conditions, including coagulation disorders, inherited blindness, and neurodegenerative diseases (Colella, 2018; Wang, 2019). On 13 November 2018, there were 145 interventional clinical trials involving rAAV registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Wang, 2019).</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“AAV belongs to the genus Dependoparvovirus within the family Parvoviridae. Its life cycle is dependent on the presence of a helper virus, such as AdV (adenovirus), hence its name and taxonomy classification. AAV is found in multiple vertebrate species, including human and non-human primates (NHPs). The current consensus is that AAV does not cause any human diseases. It is composed of an icosahedral protein capsid of ~26 nm in diameter and a single-stranded DNA genome of ~4.7 kb.” (Wang, 2019)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">AAVs are modified to replace their protein-coding genetic sequences with therapeutic gene expression cassettes, contributing to their low immunogenicity and cytotoxicity when delivered in vivo. Its single-stranded DNA is first converted to double-stranded DNA, by combining AAVs containing each of the halves of the double strand, which are then annealed by Watson–Crick base pairing in the nucleus. Another approach is to design the AAV to generate a self-complementary genome configuration, removing the need for two AAVs, but also halving the packaging capacity of the genetic cassette.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There are several different gene therapy strategies: gene replacement, gene silencing, gene addition, and gene editing (Wang, 2019). Gene therapy in adult animals targets a specific tissue, like the liver, eye, or muscle. Sometimes, transduced tissue can be used to produce therapeutic proteins for the treatment of disease in another tissue – for instance, transduced muscle tissue can be used to treat non-muscle disorders. Non-invasive gene transfer into cells or tissue by application of electric pulses, is also being tested. This could present risk of misuse in terms of remote gene transfer.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Any of these strategies can conceivably be employed to create a bioweapon: – </p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Transduced tissue can be coded to produce toxic proteins instead of therapeutic ones;</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> Genetically modified neurons can be coded to lose cognitive function., while </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Liver and pancreas cells can be coded to alter their function and cause disease. </li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There are many more possibilities for a human’s genome to be attacked to cause disease or death, and new technologies are exploring many of these avenues, albeit in a quest to cure or prevent disease. The knowledge necessary to achieve clinical success is not there yet: Even the majority of natural microorganisms and their functions have not been studied yet. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Regardless of risk, there has been rapid development in this consequential research and it is important that the risks are identified in advance. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Synthetic Biology: Bioweapons Application</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Synthetic biology has massive potential for exploitation in the development of bioweapons. It is used widely in the production of pathogens and corresponding vaccines.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The medical advances of the past century, vaccines in particular, have contained and almost eradicated some of the worst diseases known to man. Therefore, such pathogens cannot be found in nature, making it extremely difficult, in the past, for a malicious agent to obtain a sample of the pathogen to develop into a bioweapon. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Now, though, synthetic biology and biotechnology allow for the re-creation of many dangerous pathogens without the need to obtain a live sample. All that is needed is the genetic code of the pathogens in digital form, which typically can be found in databases online.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In 2002, the first case of a synthesized pathogen was published for a poliovirus (Cello, 2002). The researchers used the digital genetic sequence of the virus, ordered small customized DNA sequences, and combined them to reconstruct the complete viral genome. Finally, they created a live virus by adding a set of chemical agents, and the virus started to reproduce. Poliovirus has a relatively small and simple genome, with around 7500 nucleotides (7.5 kb). The synthesized pathogen would constitute an ineffective bioweapon because; </p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">most of the world’s population is vaccinated, </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">the disease develops in around 0.5% of cases, and </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">it spreads through infected fecal matter or saliva. </li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">According to WHO, there were 147 cases of polio globally in 2018, and 539 in 2019, down from around 350,000 in 1988. All of the cases of wild polio were recorded in Afghanistan and Pakistan, showing how the disease has been contained in the rest of the world. Although the poliovirus would not be effective as a bioweapon, this experiment shows how an artificial virus can be synthesized relatively easily in a lab with just a digital viral genome. It was only a matter of time before a more dangerous pathogen would be synthesized.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This occurred in 2017, when a group of Canadian scientists, as part of an effort to create a safer smallpox vaccine, synthesized the horsepox virus. Using around $100,000 worth of chemicals, equipment and staff who were largely untrained in genetic engineering or synthetic biology, they applied the same method to recreate the related variola virus that causes smallpox (Noyce, 2018a). The close relation of the horsepox virus to the variola virus suggested that the same method could be applied to recreate the variola virus. Back in 2003, a national security report had already warned about just this eventuality when considering the national security implications of synthesizing the poliovirus (Van Aken, 2003):</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“However, the method for creating polio virus artificially cannot be directly transferred to the smallpox virus. The variola genome, with more than 200,000 base pairs, is far bigger than that of polio, and even if it were possible to recreate the full smallpox sequence in vitro, it could not easily be transformed into a live infectious virus particle. But there might be other ways. It would, for example, be possible to start with a closely related virus, such as monkeypox or mousepox, and to alter specifically those bases and sequences that differ from human smallpox.”</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In assessing the risk of Smallpox being used as a bioweapon, consider that it </p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Has been eradicated as a disease, </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There have been no reports of the wild virus, </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The last vaccinations occurred in 1980. </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">That means most of the world's population is not vaccinated against smallpox, </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">There are no large vaccine stocks at hand to conduct vaccination in case of an outbreak, a </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The disease has a mortality rate of around 20% in adults and 80% in children under the age of 5. </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The live virus exists only in two high-security labs in the US and Russia, posing minimal risk from accidental release, although there have been biosafety breaches in high security laboratories in recent years. Also Russia is one of five countries who maintain a complete bioweapons program, even having signed the BWC treaty. </li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“At its peak, the Soviet program involved some 65,000 scientists, technicians, and other workers hidden in dozens of facilities operated by the KGB, the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the Soviet Academy of Medical Sciences, and the Ministries of Defense, Agriculture, Health, and Chemical Industry. Much of this illegal biological weapons program was hidden in plain sight in facilities conducting research and development (R&D) for pharmaceutical, industrial, and other civilian purposes.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Recent research projects indicate that the technological obstacles to the creation of an artificial variola virus are relatively small. Any number of national and non-national actors could successfully do it, giving them access to a live, infectious virus from the smallpox family. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Whether it is intended for use as a bioweapon or not, the risk of accidental release or theft of the virus for a biological attack becomes significantly greater as the number of locations containing the live virus increases.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This has prompted a considerable debate about the risk evaluation of a potential smallpox epidemic (DiEuliis, 2017; Koblenz, 2017; Noyce, 2018b; MacIntyre, 2020). Prof. Koblenz of George Mason University wrote:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“The synthesis of horsepox virus takes the world one step closer to the reemergence of smallpox as a threat to global health security. That threat has been held at bay for the past 40 years by the extreme difficulty of obtaining variola virus and the availability of effective medical countermeasures. The techniques demonstrated by the synthesis of horsepox have the potential to erase both of these barriers. The primary risk posed by this research is that it will open the door to the routine and widespread synthesis of other orthopoxviruses, such as vaccinia, for use in research, public health, and medicine. The normalization and globalization of orthopoxvirus synthesis for these beneficial applications will create a cadre of laboratories and scientists that will also have the capability and expertise to create infectious variola virus from synthetic DNA. Unless the safeguards against the synthesis of variola virus are strengthened, the capability to reintroduce smallpox into the human population will be globally distributed and either loosely or completely unregulated, providing the foundation for a disgruntled or radicalized scientist, sophisticated terrorist group, unscrupulous company, or rogue state to recreate one of humanity's most feared microbial enemies. The reemergence of smallpox—because of a laboratory accident or an intentional release—would be a global health disaster.” (Koblenz, 2017)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In response to the criticism, the researchers who synthesized the horsepox virus made several points (Noyce, 2018b): </p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“All attempts to oppose technological advances have failed over centuries”,</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> “One should instead focus on regulating the products of these technologies”</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Educate people of the need to plan mitigating strategies based upon a sound understanding of the risks.” </li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The National Science Advisory Board for Biodefense (NSABB) eventually agreed that their oversight framework should be applied uniformly beyond the life sciences’ federally funded research, to synthetic biology, academia and the private sector. But not to classified biodefense analysis and countermeasures - which includes Research of Concern.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The creators of the horsepox also added that pathogens like the variola virus are already under strict regulatory control in many countries: </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“Possession of variola virus is a crime in Canada, and other countries have similar laws. Because there are DNA clone libraries, WHO recommends that no one should own >20% of the variola genome outside of the two authorized sites. Many countries follow these policies, and some legislate greater restrictions on the size of cloned variola sequences. Therefore, from a biosafety and biosecurity perspective, we already have some controls in place to manage the products of these technologies.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Most of the regulatory recommendations are voluntary and follow vague criteria, rather than mandatory screening and enforcement.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 12px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Finally, they concluded that many technological advances that provided great benefit to humanity were initially seen as a threat, and that includes genetic engineering, adding:</li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“As the memory of smallpox and polio fades, the challenge will be to educate new generations about the risk posed by these diseases. This necessitates providing the ongoing support that public health agencies <b><i>will need to protect populations from even “extinct” epidemic diseases</i> </b>(emphasis added). The advance of technology means that no disease-causing organism can forever be eradicated.”</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">This sort of rhetoric plays neatly into the hands of the pharmaceutical industry to justify continuing to recreate high risk deadly diseases and produce vaccines for them. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The reality of technological developments that allow the synthesis of pathogens that have been eradicated poses a unique national security threat.. World governments are required to step up and agree that the risks of conducting this research are too high and implement either a ban or regulatory framework capable of enforcing existing legislation. We might otherwise be faced with an epidemic of a disease that has been long forgotten or a new synthetic strain. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The other important issue is the risk evaluation and justification of such work: the main purpose of global vaccination programs is to eradicate diseases so the vaccination would no longer be necessary. The creation of artificial pathogens defeats that purpose completely, creating an endless need for vaccination against terrible diseases simply because there is a risk from a release of an artificial pathogen. One must wonder whether this research and the knowledge obtained are worth imposing this high cost on the entire world. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Multiplex Automated Genome Engineering (MAGE)</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">One of the main disadvantages of synthetic biology is the lack of genetic diversity of its products. Genomic diversity is the most important feature of natural organisms, allowing populations in nature to adapt to a variety of environments. This diversity is a byproduct of the long natural evolution and selection processes that occur in the wild. This is extremely difficult to reproduce in laboratory conditions, as the evolutionary processes occur over a relatively long time (Elena, 2003) - 3.7 billion years of continuous, undisturbed evolution by natural selection, to be exact .</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">To address the lack of diversity, a method was developed - multiplex automated genome engineering (MAGE), which accelerated evolutionary processes in the lab (Wang, 2009):</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">“…we describe multiplex automated genome engineering (MAGE) for large-scale programming and evolution of cells. MAGE simultaneously targets many locations on the chromosome for modification in a single cell or across a population of cells, thus producing combinatorial genomic diversity. Because the process is cyclical and scalable, we constructed prototype devices that automate the MAGE technology to facilitate the rapid and continuous generation of a diverse set of genetic changes (mismatches, insertions, deletions).”</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The researchers applied MAGE to optimize the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) biosynthesis pathway in Escherichia coli to overproduce lycopene (Wang, 2009). They simultaneously modified 24 genetic components using a pool of synthetic DNA, creating 4.3 billion genomic variants per day. Within three days, they isolated variants with increased lycopene production.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The MAGE method creates strain libraries for large-scale genotype–phenotype mapping (Si, 2017). The process of genetic engineering typically requires both the identification of genetic determinants and optimization of their expression in a concerted manner to improve target traits. Most of the methods perform these two tasks separately by “either modifying individual genes on a genome scale or creating combinatorial diversity among pre-defined targets” (Si, 2017). Automation of multiplex genome-scale modifications provides both, at the same time; genetic diversity and genome-wide screening and multiplex optimization to identify and isolate strains with improved traits. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">These recent advances – the development of MAGE method and its automation, provide the tools that allow rapid genome-scale engineering that can produce multiple simultaneous changes to the genome and then use accelerated evolution to screen for and isolate strains with desired traits. The rapid mutation and evolution process prevents the observation of, let alone study or biological correction of mutations, including those that are harmful or not beneficial. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">MAGE changes the paradigm of genetic engineering: Instead of sequential editing of genomic targets where the desired editing event typically occurs at a very low frequency, MAGE can perform simultaneous editing of multiple targets and screen an enormous number of strains for desired gene editing events (Bao, 2016). </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Some of the national security implications from MAGE technology are:</p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Automated facilities are vulnerable to remote operation, release and theft.</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">CRISPR, including the integration of synthetic DNA into existing organisms are produced with no risk assessment and unspecified protocols on waste management.. </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The automated process allows the rapid creation and screening of billions of novel micro-organisms every day</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">No countermeasures or treatments exist. </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Screening different strains to identify those which underwent desired gene editing events and isolate those with desired traits. Indeterminate methods to identify and manage those that didn’t</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Operators of MAGE laboratories should be assigned liability and responsibility for biosafety. </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Projects are not required to provide evidence of safety testing</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Facilities do not have to produce an inventory to prove they are operating within the legal limit for storage, transfer and other Biosafety guidelines.</li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">The automated process allows the rapid creation and screening of billions of novel microorganisms every day, sufficient to serve as a bioweapon.</li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b> </b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>Conclusion</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Recent rapid advances in biotechnology have opened up new possibilities for bioweapons development. Biological weapons were the first weapons of mass destruction to be identified and made illegal worldwide. Unlike the use of nuclear weapons which is decided at a national level, anyone can launch a bioweapon. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gene editing technologies have made biological weapons accessible to private national and international interests. The weaponization of biological agents is now affordable and potentially profitable. The large scale creation of engineered microorganisms and virus vectors can easily produce pathogens that:</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Render a vaccine ineffective;</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Confer resistance to antibiotic or antiviral agents;</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Enhance the virulence of a pathogen or render a non-pathogen virulent;</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Increase the transmissibility of a pathogen;</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Alter the host range of a pathogen;</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Enable evasion of diagnosis or detection methods; and</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Enable weaponization of a biological agent or toxin.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">(Paquet, 2018)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">It is easier, more accessible and more affordable than ever before for small factions to engage in bioweapon development. The threshold of technical and scientific knowledge and capacity has been lowered significantly by the new technologies. This allows people with little to no specialized training to engage in genetic engineering. More importantly few scientists and none of the automated machines in MAGE facilities are screening for harmful mutations. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">When the online ‘Library’ of genetic sequences is described, it is not clear if there is a category for Potential Biological Weapon or Potential Pandemic Pathogen or Special Agent - which is another term for a biological agent that poses a pandemic risk to public health.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">In response to the serious national and global security implications, governments should urgently re-enter protocol negotiations on how to enforce the Biological Weapons Convention legislation. The current pandemic should provide additional leverage for regulatory bodies to demand more than voluntary reporting on biosafety, biosecurity, evidence of the benefits of the research and how the information can be safely shared. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">If proposed health benefits are being used to justify genetic research and the taxpayers’ investment, but the results being stopped from publication, then this serves the pharmaceutical industry too; in keeping their research and patented products out of regulatory scrutiny.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Since the collapse of negotiations as to how to implement the Biological Weapons Convention’s governance,, the onus has been on scientists and individual research programs to follow voluntary Codes of Conduct. WHO stated that scientists themselves were in the best position to assess the risk of their own work. The priority given by the World Health Organization was to raise awareness of biosafety risks among life scientists through training and education. They hoped a culture of responsibility would facilitate this process.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">CRISPR has made the creation of biological toxins and their genetic delivery straight forward. Multiplex Automated Genome Engineering (MAGE) has made it possible to scale up production, simultaneously edit multiple targets, with no human scientific or ethical oversight. In vivo gene editing has become a reality, with hundreds of clinical trials being conducted in the US alone. Synthetic biology with its low genetic diversity is being widely used, with no impact studies on the multiple functions of existing microbiomes in human and environmental health. Any of the products of these technologies could be utilized to harm even more readily than perform their stated objectives, such as cure disease. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Gain of function research is explicitly used to produce more virulent strains of known diseases with pandemic potential pathogens, while synthetic biology has been shown to have the potential to create artificial pathogens to recreate any disease.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> It might be tempting to conclude that the risks are exacerbated by the wide availability of information online: Genome databases that contain digital genome information on pandemic pathogens. However, it is relevant to look at the threat of bioweapons from other perspectives, including motivations to create a bioweapon; what might be the objective of an attack and who is funding the research. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">For dual use technology research alone, 7.6 billion dollars has been spent; 6.1 billion by taxpayers and 1.5 billion by the military (Kennedy, 2021) Military funding could point to these technologies specifically being developed for military purposes, including biological weapons and surveillance. This would be another reason to withhold the results of the research, as classified. Already the National Defense Strategy research is exempt from oversight, even though it evolved from the US Bioweapons Program. It now focuses on strategies to assess, prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from biological threats. They have an exemplary R&D group DARPA who lead the way in coupling innovation with biosecurity. DARPA started the Safe Gene program in 2018 to develop safety guidelines including: </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Techniques that allow gene editors to be switched off and back on again once inside a person or organism; </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Development of drugs and other agents to block or reduce the action of gene editors; and </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Tools to clean up environmental genomic “spills” and leave things as they were before </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Developing and validating methods of molecular confinement that minimize the risk of unwanted genome editing. </p><p style="color: blue; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/biodefense-strategy/Pages/default.aspx</span><span style="color: #26282a;"> (at bottom as well)</span></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">New assessments of gene-editing, synthetic biology and gain of function research, in the context of bioweapons, may be needed. However, the unreasonable risks are both obvious and comparable, whether the release is intentional or accidental. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Noyce and Evans warned that the “advance of technology means that no disease-causing organism can forever be eradicated.” This fundamentally changes the paradigm of the global health strategy, which is predicated on the ability to eradicate diseases, using vaccination or other immunization tools. Once eradicated, a disease like smallpox would never be a threat to our communities and the economy. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">However, modern biotechnology allows a wide array of agents to resurrect deadly viruses and reignite diseases that have already been eradicated at a great cost. This raises the question about the proper balance of interests: the global community and humanity on one side, and a small group of scientists, biotechnology companies, pharmaceutical and military interests on the other. The former would no doubt strongly prefer these eradicated diseases to remain extinct, and see a ban on dangerous research. The latter see an interest in pursuing this avenue of research, without consideration for the broader public interest.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Therefore, the role of governments becomes more important than ever: Tto monitor, regulate, and prevent any research that poses an unacceptable risk to the public. Academic institutions must develop young scientists’ awareness of the major threat of gene edited microorganisms entering the human or wider gene pool. Training should embed a code of conduct that takes into account the unpredictable interaction of genetically engineered organisms in nature and the potential misuse and weaponization of the technologies and their research. </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Our society has made great advances in the past several decades and managed to suppress, contain, or eradicate many infectious diseases that have plagued humanity for millennia. However biotechnology companies have also managed to suppress, contain and eradicate many scientific studies which question the safety of their products and the genetic engineering process itself. That research could have prevented the emerging and established conditions associated with GMOs in our food supply. It is irresponsible for genetic research to be allowed to proliferate potential bioweapons; having not had to defend their reason for conducting the research in the first place; being under no obligation to share results and having provided no Biosecurity Evaluation. The legally-binding Biological Weapons Convention has been difficult to enforce until now. Each research project could be required to send an evidenced response to these basic guidelines, to get a license to proceed:</p><ul>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Preventing the development and possession of biological warfare agents or weapons; </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Controlling access to dual-use biological materials, equipment, or associated information that could be used for hostile purposes; </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Promoting the safe and secure handling of pathogens and toxins inside and outside the laboratory; </li>
<li style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">and ensuring that the risks from the most consequential types of biological research are properly identified, assessed, and mitigated before the work is carried out.</li>
</ul><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Accepting that the threat from genetically engineered microbes is one of ‘mass destruction’ it is irresponsible to value unrestricted use of technology and commercial interests above it.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Helvetica; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px 0px 12px;"><br />
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</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b>References</b></p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Bao, Z., Cobb, R.E. and Zhao, H., 2016. Accelerated genome engineering through multiplexing. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine, 8(1), pp.5-21.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Butler M. J., Day A. W.. 1998. Fungal melanins: a review. Can. J. Microbiol. 44:1115–1136</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Casadevall, A., Dermody, T.S., Imperiale, M.J., Sandri-Goldin, R.M. and Shenk, T., 2015. Dual-use research of concern (DURC) review at American Society for Microbiology Journals. (Available at:<span style="color: black; text-decoration: underline;"> </span><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;">https://mbio.asm.org/content/mbio/6/4/e01236-15.full.pdf</span>)</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Chan, K.Y., Jang, M.J., Yoo, B.B., Greenbaum, A., Ravi, N., Wu, W.L., Sánchez-Guardado, L., Lois, C., Mazmanian, S.K., Deverman, B.E. and Gradinaru, V., 2017. Engineered AAVs for efficient noninvasive gene delivery to the central and peripheral nervous systems. Nature neuroscience, 20(8), pp.1172-1179.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Cello, J., Paul, A.V. and Wimmer, E., 2002. Chemical synthesis of poliovirus cDNA: generation of infectious virus in the absence of natural template. Science, 297(5583), pp.1016-1018.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Colella, P., Ronzitti, G. and Mingozzi, F., 2018. Emerging issues in AAV-mediated in vivo gene therapy. Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development, 8, pp.87-104.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dermody TS, Sandri-Goldin RM, Shenk T. 2014a. Sequence changes associated with respiratory transmission of H7N1 influenza virus in mammals. J Virol 88:6533–6534. <span style="color: #1155cc; text-decoration: underline;">http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00886-14</span>.</p><p style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">Dermody TS, Casadevall A, Imperiale MJ, Sandri-Goldin RM, Shenk T. 2014b. The decision to publish an avian H7N1 influenza virus gain-of-function experiment. mBio 5:e01985-14.</p><p style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;">...</p><p style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px;"><br /></p>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5749070698529588603.post-66704322724788732502023-11-26T20:43:00.000-08:002023-11-26T20:43:05.867-08:00European Union are voting, in place of Member States: Wrong side of History!.<p><a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/slovakia-will-not-be-entering-into/" target="_blank">Estonia will not be entering any agreement with the WHO!</a><br /></p><p><a href="https://expose-news.com/2023/11/25/slovakia-will-not-be-entering-into/" target="_blank">Slovakia will not be entering any agreements with the WHO</a><br /></p><p><br /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://album.link/s/2pwSLGzw0YVGbspjQYXYWD" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;" target="_blank">Urgent Rougheredum Album Karma - My Body Your Choice, WHO's? </a></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOKge7thB5Efmkxb_GiY3xJbIyHPoRkDkh1wSTUpvMadUreoFohLhzkvJYb2IeX1sPvXWe6Kqz1eYmAEWiLEVo8p-d-N9CMxul-iUvS5RnFq3R5rqIMcNvuDotGK_yIaV_o-J_DFOiG94w9b7mbov0Qu3D50g401EfMpbie_md95g_Vzsv_Da5jDxcZ3A/s1600/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-11-26%20at%2008.20.35.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOKge7thB5Efmkxb_GiY3xJbIyHPoRkDkh1wSTUpvMadUreoFohLhzkvJYb2IeX1sPvXWe6Kqz1eYmAEWiLEVo8p-d-N9CMxul-iUvS5RnFq3R5rqIMcNvuDotGK_yIaV_o-J_DFOiG94w9b7mbov0Qu3D50g401EfMpbie_md95g_Vzsv_Da5jDxcZ3A/s320/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-11-26%20at%2008.20.35.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://youtu.be/Fl2pok-0dAY" target="_blank">Interview With The Artists</a><br /></div><br /><p></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVyoaZWpFrc" target="_blank">Smart Health - What's it for? It's for your health....or was that, in fact, your wealth? Urgent Rougherendum. </a></span></p><p><span style="color: #050505; font-family: inherit;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I literally got a job as a Woebot - a conversation writer. They didn't want to use my voice, just a </span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">digitised version of the messages I wrote. They said they were "radically improving access to mental health supports". But can you imagine ringing that line suicidal and getting a recorded message....twice in a row...three times maybe, coz one is a bit repetitive when depressed. </span></span></p><p><span style="color: #050505;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #050505;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0bJrX9VweV0r1lVd__hDvmty73RDM26veZCs-PjbalNvgH_ZCIePjao-5S_dgpfo44nAXa6DDsTdZprhvfHFdqfpmoD0MeZXhy0btm35H1BPiBKfmhzEkNhvWLtmCKH1ZExaJEzs64n8bryMaDNVSydMWWVW8ruPmQznH6BUBpQU6yyljWmenW9URB0E/s1600/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-11-26%20at%2008.20.29.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0bJrX9VweV0r1lVd__hDvmty73RDM26veZCs-PjbalNvgH_ZCIePjao-5S_dgpfo44nAXa6DDsTdZprhvfHFdqfpmoD0MeZXhy0btm35H1BPiBKfmhzEkNhvWLtmCKH1ZExaJEzs64n8bryMaDNVSydMWWVW8ruPmQznH6BUBpQU6yyljWmenW9URB0E/w320-h235/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-11-26%20at%2008.20.29.jpeg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="color: #050505;"><br /><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p></p><div class="x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"></div><p></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href=" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2OrF5qTVwI " target="_blank">Urgent Rougherendum's Biological Scatterbomb , from the album Barb Boom Koon Tos</a><br /></span></p><p>"Phase one you're undone, phase two, it's not true, phase three, no longer free, phase four only happening to the poor" </p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">So which phase is this, are we really going to walk on blindly after the WHO strategies of lockdowns, PCRs, Vaccines, boosters families dead and buried, Health Passports so you can't visit the ones that are left, GM Mosquitoes with undeclared surveillance technology edited in, and re-framing wifi as a health technology. After the 1st October, their advice will become international law. Check out last year's article 18, this year </span><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a style="color: #385898; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit;" tabindex="-1"></a></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">sugar-coated in Article 13 - treatment at the airport. Forced vaccination or kept in isolation. You only used to get lethal injection preceded by inprisonment in an isolation cell, if you were criminal. Now it's absolutely anyone. Beg your heads of state at this stage to Reject the IHR Amendments and Withdraw from the WHO Treaty. This is how Estonia did both in one notice: We've got 4 days.</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Appeal to Honorable Dr Tedros Adhadnom Ghebreyeses</span></p><div class="x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">Hereby the Republic of, , on the basis of Article 22 of the Constitution of the World Health Organization declares that it rejects and does not consent to the international agreement on pandemic prevention, preparedness and response, as well as complementary Amendments to the International Health Regulations (2005) and improving the sustainability of financing WHO.</div></div><div class="x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">1) The Reasons for rejecting and not consenting are the following. </div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">According to our Constitution, treaties are only ratified and denounced by our full government, which has not passed such a resolution.</div></div><div class="x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">2) Taking into account, if necessary, any resolution which authorised another committee to negotiate on our behalf, on the international agreement on pandemic preparedness, prevention and response, as well as complementary Amendments to the International Health Regulations (2005) and on improving the sustainability of financing of WHO, is therefore null and void.</div></div><div class="x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r x1vvkbs xtlvy1s x126k92a" style="caret-color: rgb(5, 5, 5); color: #050505; font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, ".SFNSText-Regular", sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit;">3) Any Resolution is null and void from the moment of its adoption, in the light of this not passing before the full government.</div></div>Healing by Franchttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00559735795067563876noreply@blogger.com0